---
title: "Epidemics I and III · Ἐπιδημίαι"
author: "Hippocrates"
translator: "William Henry Samuel Jones"
languages: [grc, en]
shelf: "Classical Greek"
section: 2 of 4
url: https://scriptura.si/works/hippocrates-epidemics/2/
cite: "Hippocrates, tr. William Henry Samuel Jones, Epidemics I and III · Ἐπιδημίαι, section 2. Scriptura (scriptura.si), https://scriptura.si/works/hippocrates-epidemics/2/"
---

# Epidemics I and III · Ἐπιδημίαι

*Hippocrates, tr. William Henry Samuel Jones*

Case notes from the island of Thasos and beyond, in the two books scholars give to Hippocrates himself: the weather of each season, the fevers it brought, and patient after patient followed day by day.

> Greek: ed. William Henry Samuel Jones, from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-greekLit, tlg0627.tlg006, CC BY-SA 4.0).

> English: William Henry Samuel Jones, from the Perseus Digital Library (tlg0627.tlg006.perseus-eng4). Notes are not included.

> Rows follow the references the two texts share (books, chapters and sections), cut where both reach the end of a sentence.

## 2. Book I · sections 3–4

Source: https://scriptura.si/works/hippocrates-epidemics/2/ · cite a paragraph as https://scriptura.si/works/hippocrates-epidemics/2/#p-N

[¶0] 3.21. In these diseases most died on the sixth day, as did Epaminondas, Silenus and Philiscus the son of Antagoras. Those who had the swellings by the ears had a crisis on the twentieth day, but these subsided in all cases without suppuration, being diverted to the bladder. There were two cases of suppuration, both fatal, Cratistonax, who lived near the temple of Heracles, and the serving-maid of Scymnus the fuller. When there was a crisis on the seventh day, with an intermission of nine days followed by a relapse, there was a second crisis on the fourth day after the relapsein the case of Pantacles, for example, who lived by the temple of Dionysus. When there was a crisis on the seventh day, with an intermission of six days followed by a relapse, there was a second crisis on the seventh day after the relapsein the case of Phanocritus, for example, who lay sick at the house of Gnathon the fuller.

> Greek: 3.21. χχΙ. ἔθνῃσκον δὲ τοῖσι νοσήμασι τούτοις οἱ πλεῖστοι ἑκταῖοι, οἷον Ἐπαμεινώνδας καὶ Σιληνὸς καὶ Φιλίσκος ὁ Ἀνταγόρεω. οἷσι δὲ τὰ παρὰ τὰ ὦτα γενοίατο, ἔκρινε μὲν εἰκοσταίοισι, κατέσβη δὲ πᾶσι καὶ οὐκ ἐξεπύησεν, ἀλλʼ ἐπὶ κύστιν ἐτράπετο. Κρατιστώνακτι, ὃς παρʼ Ἡρακλεῖ ᾤκει, καὶ Σκύμνου τοῦ γναφέως θεραπαίνῃ ἐξεπύησεν· ἀπέθανον· οἷσι δʼ ἔκρινεν ἑβδομαίοισι, διέλειπεν ἐννέα, ὑπέστρεφεν, ἔκρινεν ἐκ τῆς ὑποστροφῆς τεταρταίοισι – Παντακλεῖ, ὃς ᾤκει παρὰ Διονύσιον –. οἷσι δʼ ἔκρινεν ἑβδομαίοισιν, διέλειπεν ἕξ· ὑποστροφή· ἐκ δὲ τῆς ὑποστροφῆς ἔκρινεν ἑβδομαίοισι – Φανοκρίτῳ, ὃς κατέκειτο παρὰ Γνάθωνι τῷ γναφεῖ.

[¶1] 3.22. During winter, near the time of the winter solstice, and continuing until the equinox, the ardent fevers and the phrenitis still caused many deaths, but their crises changed. Most cases had a crisis on the fifth day from the outset, then intermitted four days, relapsed, had a crisis on the fifth day after the relapse, that is, after thirteen days altogether. Mostly children experienced crises thus, but older people did so too. Some had a crisis on the eleventh day, a relapse on the fourteenth, and a complete crisis on the twentieth. But if rigor came on about the twentieth day the crisis came on the fortieth. Most had rigors near the first crisis, and those who had rigors at first near the crisis, had rigors again in the relapses at the time of the crisis. Fewest experienced rigors in the spring, more in summer, more still in autumn, but by far the most during winter. But the hemorrhages tended to cease.

> Greek: 3.22. χχΙΙ. ὑπὸ δὲ χειμῶνα περὶ ἡλίου τροπὰς χειμερινὰς καὶ μέχρι ἰσημερίης παρέμενον μὲν καὶ οἱ καῦσοι καὶ τὰ φρενιτικά, καὶ ἔθνῃσκον πολλοί· αἱ μέντοι κρίσιες μετέπεσον, καὶ ἔκρινε τοῖσι πλείστοισιν ἐξ ἀρχῆς πεμπταίοισι, διέλειπε τέσσαρας, ὑπέστρεφεν, ἐκ δὲ τῆς ὑποστροφῆς ἔκρινε πεμπταίοισι, τὸ σύμπαν τεσσαρεσκαιδεκαταίοις. ἔκρινε δὲ παιδίοισιν οὕτω τοῖσι πλείστοισιν, ἀτὰρ καὶ πρεσβυτέροισιν. ἔστι δὲ οἷσιν ἔκρινεν ἑνδεκαταίοις, ὑποστροφὴ τεσσαρεσκαιδεκαταίοις, ἔκρινε τελέως εἰκοστῇ. εἰ δέ τινες ἐπερρίγουν περὶ τὴν εἰκοστήν, τούτοισιν ἔκρινε τεσσαρακοσταίοις. ἐπερρίγουν δʼ οἱ πλεῖστοι περὶ κρίσιν τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς· οἱ δʼ ἐπιρριγώσαντες ἐξ ἀρχῆς περὶ κρίσιν, καὶ ἐν τῇσιν ὑποστροφῇσιν ἅμα κρίσει. ἐρρίγουν δʼ ἐλάχιστοι μὲν τοῦ ἦρος, θέρεος πλείους, φθινοπώρου ἔτι πλείους, ὑπὸ δὲ χειμῶνα πολὺ πλεῖστοι. αἱ δὲ αἱμορραγίαι ὑπέληγον.

[¶2] 3.23. The following were the circumstances attending the diseases, from which I framed my judgments, learning from the common nature of all and the particular nature of the individual, from the disease, the patient, the regimen prescribed and the prescriberfor these make a diagnosis more favourable or less; from the constitution, both as a whole and with respect to the parts, of the weather and of each region; from the custom, mode of life, practices and ages of each patient; from talk, manner, silence, thoughts, sleep or absence of sleep, the nature and time of dreams, pluckings, scratchings, tears; from the exacerbations, stools, urine, sputa, vomit, the antecedents and consequents of each member in the successions of diseases, and the abscessions to a fatal issue or a crisis, sweat, rigor, chill, cough, sneezes, hiccoughs, breathing, belchings, flatulence, silent or noisy, hemorrhages, and hemorrhoids. From these things must we consider what their consequents also will be.

> Greek: 3.23. χχΙΙΙ. τὰ δὲ περὶ τὰ νοσήματα, ἐξ ὧν διεγινώσκομεν, μαθόντες ἐκ τῆς κοινῆς φύσιος ἁπάντων καὶ τῆς ἰδίης ἑκάστου, ἐκ τοῦ νοσήματος, ἐκ τοῦ νοσέοντος, ἐκ τῶν προσφερομένων, ἐκ τοῦ προσφέροντος – ἐπὶ τὸ ῥᾷονγὰρ καὶ χαλεπώτερον ἐκ τούτων –, ἐκ τῆς καταστάσιος ὅλης καὶ κατὰ μέρεα τῶν οὐρανίων καὶ χώρης ἑκάστης, ἐκ τοῦ ἔθεος, ἐκ τῆς διαίτης, ἐκ τῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων, ἐκ τῆς ἡλικίης ἑκάστου, λόγοισι, τρόποισι, σιγῇ, δια νοήμασιν, ὕπνοισιν, οὐχ ὕπνοισιν, ἐνυπνίοισι, οἵοισι καὶ ὅτε, τιλμοῖσι, κνησμοῖσι, δάκρυσιν, ἐκ τῶν παροξυσμῶν, διαχωρήμασιν, οὔροισιν, πτυάλοισιν, ἐμέτοισι, καὶ ὅσαι ἐξ οἵων ἐς οἷα διαδοχαὶ νοσημάτων καὶ ἀποστάσιες ἐπὶ τὸ ὀλέθριον καὶ κρίσιμον, ἱδρώς, ῥῖγος, ψύξις, βήξ, πταρμοί, λυγμοί, πνεύματα, ἐρεύξιες, φῦσαι, σιγῶσαι, ψοφώδεες, αἱμορραγίαι, αἱμορροΐδες. ἐκ τούτων καὶ ὅσα διὰ τούτων σκεπτέον.

[¶3] 3.24. Some fevers are continuous, some have an access during the day and an intermission during the night, or an access during the night and an intermission during the day; there are semitertians, tertians, quartans, quintans, septans, nonans. The most acute diseases, the most severe, difficult and fatal, belong to the continuous fevers. The least fatal and least difficult of all, but the longest of all, is the quartan. Not only is it such in itself, but it also ends other, and serious, diseases. In the fever called semitertian, which is more fatal than any other, there occur also acute diseases, while it especially precedes the illness of consumptives, and of those who suffer from other and longer diseases. The nocturnal is not very fatal, but it is long. The diurnal is longer still, and to some it also brings a tendency to consumption. The septan is long but not fatal. The nonan is longer still but not fatal. The exact tertian has a speedy crisis and is not fatal. But the quintan is the worst of all. For if it comes on before consumption or during consumption the patient dies.

> Greek: 3.24. χχΙϝ. πυρετοὶ οἱ μὲν συνεχέες, οἱ δʼ ἡμέρην ἔχουσι, νύκτα διαλείπουσι, νύκτα ἔχουσιν, ἡμέρην διαλείπουσιν· ἡμιτριταῖοι, τριταῖοι, τεταρταῖοι, πεμπταῖοι, ἑβδομαῖοι, ἐναταῖοι. εἰσὶ δὲ ὀξύταται μὲν καὶ μέγισται καὶ χαλεπώταται νοῦσοι καὶ θανατωδέσταται ἐν τῷ συνεχεῖ πυρετῷ. ἀσφαλέστατος δὲ πάντων καὶ ῥήϊστος καὶ μακρότατος πάντων ὁ τεταρταῖος· οὐ γὰρ μοῦνον αὐτὸς ἐφʼ ἑωυτοῦ τοιοῦτός ἐστιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ νοσημάτων ἑτέρων μεγάλων ῥύεται. ἐν δὲ τῷ ἡμιτριταίῳ καλεομένῳ συμπίπτει μὲν καὶ ὀξέα νοσήματα γίνεσθαι, καὶ ἔστι τῶν λοιπῶν οὗτος θανατωδέστατος· ἀτὰρ καὶ φθινώδεες καὶ ὅσοι ἄλλα μακρότερα νοσήματα νοσέουσιν, ἐπὶ τούτῳ μάλιστα νοσέουσι. νυκτερινὸς οὐ λίην θανατώδης, μακρὸς δέ. ἡμερινὸς μακρότερος· ἔστι δʼ οἷσι ῥέπει καὶ ἐπὶ τὸ φθινῶδες. ἑβδομαῖος μακρός, οὐ θανατώδης. ἐναταῖος ἔτι μακρότερος, οὐ θανατώδης. τριταῖος ἀκριβὴς ταχυκρίσιμος καὶ οὐ θανατώδης. ὁ δὲ πεμπταῖος πάντων μὲν κάκιστος· καὶ γὰρ πρὸ φθίσιος καὶ ἤδη φθίνουσιν ἐπιγινόμενος κτείνει.

[¶4] 3.25. Each of these fevers has its modes, its constitutions and its exacerbations. For example, a continuous fever in some cases from the beginning is high and at its worst, leading up to the most severe stage, but about and at the crisis it moderates. In other cases it begins gently and in a suppressed manner, but rises and is exacerbated each day, bursting out violently near the crisis. In some cases it begins mildly, but increases and is exacerbated, reaching its height after a time; then it declines again until the crisis or near the crisis. These characteristics may show themselves in any fever and in any disease. It is necessary also to consider the patient’s mode of life and to take it into account when prescribing. Many other important symptoms there are which are akin to these, some of which I have described, while others I shall describe later. These must be duly weighed when considering and deciding who is suffering from one of these diseases in an acute, fatal form, or whether the patient may recover; who has a chronic, fatal illness, or one from which he may recover; who is to be prescribed for or not, what the prescription is to be, the quantity to be given and the time to give it.

> Greek: 3.25. χχϝ. εἰσὶ δὲ τρόποι καὶ καταστάσιες καὶ παροξυσμοὶ τούτων ἑκάστου τῶν πυρετῶν. αὐτίκα γὰρ συνεχὴς ἔστιν οἷσιν ἀρχόμενος ἀνθεῖ καὶ ἀκμάζει μάλιστα καὶ ἀνάγει ἐπὶ τὸ χαλεπώτατον, περὶ δὲ κρίσιν καὶ ἅμα κρίσει λεπτύνεται· ἔστι δʼ οἷσιν ἄρχεται μαλακῶς καὶ ὑποβρύχια, ἐπαναδιδοῖ δὲ καὶ παροξύνεται καθʼ ἡμέρην ἑκάστην, περὶ δὲ κρίσιν ἅλις ἐξέλαμψεν· ἔστι δʼ οἷσιν ἀρχόμενος πρηέως ἐπιδιδοῖ καὶ παροξύνεται καὶ μέχρι τινὸς ἀκμάσας πάλιν ὑφίησι μέχρι κρίσιος καὶ περὶ κρίσιν. συμπίπτει δὲ ταῦτα γίνεσθαι ἐπὶ παντὸς πυρετοῦ καὶ νοσήματος. δεῖ δὲ καὶ τὰ διαιτήματα σκοπεύμενον ἐκ τούτων προσφέρειν. πολλὰ δὲ καὶ ἄλλα ἐπίκαιρα σημεῖα τούτοις ἐστὶν ἠδελφισμένα, περὶ ὧν τὰ μέν που γέγραπται, τὰ δὲ καὶ γεγράψεται. πρὸς ἃ δεῖ διαλογιζόμενον δοκιμάζειν καὶ σκοπεῖσθαι, τίνι τούτων ὀξὺ καὶ θανατῶδες ἢ περιεστικὸν καὶ τίνι μακρὸν καὶ θανατῶδες ἢ περιεστικὸν καὶ τίνι προσαρτέον ἢ οὒ καὶ πότε καὶ πόσον καὶ τί τὸ προσφερόμενον ἔσται.

[¶5] 3.26. When the exacerbations are on even days, the crises are on even days. But the diseases exacerbated on odd days have their crises on odd days. The first period of diseases with crises on the even days is the fourth day, then the sixth, eighth, tenth, fourteenth, twentieth, twenty-fourth, thirtieth, fortieth, sixtieth, eightieth, hundred and twentieth. Of those with a crisis on the odd days the first period is the third, then the fifth, seventh, ninth, eleventh, seventeenth, twenty-first, twenty-seventh, thirty-first. Further, one must know that, if the crises be on other days than the above, there will be relapses, and there may also be a fatal issue. So one must be attentive and know that at these times there will be the crises resulting in recovery, or death, or a tendency for better or worse. One must also consider in what periods the crises occur of irregular fevers, of quartans, of quintans, of septans and of nonans.

> Greek: 3.26. χχϝΙ. τὰ δὲ παροξυνόμενα ἐν ἀρτίῃσι κρίνεται ἐν ἀρτίῃσιν· ὧν δὲ οἱ παροξυσμοὶ ἐν περισσῇσι, κρίνεται ἐν περισσῇσιν. ἔστι δὲ πρώτη περίοδος τῶν ἐν τῇσιν ἀρτίῃσι κρινόντων τετάρτη, ἕκτη, ὀγδόη, δεκάτη, τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτη, εἰκοστή, τετάρτη καὶ εἰκοστή, τριακοστή, τεσσαρακοστή, ἑξηκοστή, ὀγδοηκοστή, εἰκοστὴ καὶ ἑκατοστή· τῶν δʼ ἐν τῇσι περισσῇσι κρινόντων περίοδος πρώτη, τρίτη, πέμπτη, ἑβδόμη, ἐνάτη, ἑνδεκάτη, ἑπτακαιδεκάτη, εἰκοστὴ πρώτη, εἰκοστὴ ἑβδόμη, τριακοστὴ πρώτη. εἰδέναι δὲ χρὴ ἔτι, ἢν ἄλλως κριθῇ ἔξω τῶν ὑπογεγραμμένων, ἐσομένας ὑποστροφάς· γένοιτο δὲ ἂν καὶ ὀλέθρια. δεῖ δὴ προσέχειν τὸν νόον καὶ εἰδέναι ἐν τοῖσι χρόνοισι τούτοισι τὰς κρίσιας ἐσομένας ἐπὶ σωτηρίην ἢ ὄλεθρον ἢ ῥοπὰς ἐπὶ τὸ ἄμεινον ἢ τὸ χεῖρον. πλάνητες δὲ πυρετοὶ καὶ τεταρταῖοι καὶ πεμπταῖοι καὶ ἑβδομαῖοι καὶ ἐναταῖοι, ἐν ᾗσι περιόδοισι κρίνονται, σκεπτέον.

[¶6] 4.1. Philiscus lived by the wall. He took to his bed with acute fever on the first day and sweating; night uncomfortable. Second day. General exacerbation, later a small clyster moved the bowels well. A restful night. Third day. Early and until mid-day he appeared to have lost the fever; but towards evening acute fever with sweating; thirst; dry tongue; black urine. An uncomfortable night, without sleep; completely out of his mind. Fourth day. All symptoms exacerbated; black urine; a more comfortable night, and urine of a better colour. Fifth day. About mid-day slight epistaxis of unmixed blood. Urine varied, with scattered, round particles suspended in it, resembling semen; they did not settle. On the application of a suppository the patient passed, with flatulence, scanty excreta. A distressing night, snatches of sleep, irrational talk; extremities everywhere cold, and would not get warm again; black urine; snatches of sleep towards dawn; speechless; cold sweat; extremities livid. About mid-day on the sixth day the patient died. The breathing throughout, as though he were recollecting to do it, was rare and large. Spleen raised in a round swelling; cold sweats all the time. The exacerbations on even days.

> Greek: 4.1. α′. Φιλίσκος ᾤκει παρὰ τὸ τεῖχος· κατεκλίνη, τῇ πρώτῃ πυρετὸς ὀξύς, ἵδρωσεν, ἐς νύκτα ἐπιπόνως· δευτέρῃ πάντα παρωξύνθη, ὀψὲ δὲ ἀπὸ κλυσματίου καλῶς διῆλθε· νύκτα διʼ ἡσυχίης. τρίτῃ πρωὶ καὶ μέχρι μέσου ἡμέρης ἔδοξε γενέσθαι ἄπυρος, πρὸς δείλην δὲ πυρετὸς ὀξὺς μετὰ ἱδρῶτος, διψώδης, γλῶσσα ἐπεξηραίνετο, μέλανα οὔρησε· νύκτα δυσφόρως, οὐκ ἐκοιμήθη, πάντα παρέκρουσε. τετάρτῃ πάντα παρωξύνθη, οὖρα μέλανα· νύκτα εὐφορωτέρην, οὖρα εὐχροώτερα. πέμπτῃ περὶ μέσον ἡμέρης σμικρὸν ἀπὸ ῥινῶν ἔσταξεν ἄκρητον· οὖρα δὲ ποικίλα, ἔχοντα ἐναιωρήματα στρογγύλα, γονοειδέα, διεσπας μένα, οὐχ ἱδρύετο· προσθεμένῳ δὲ βάλανον φυσώδεα σμικρὰ διῆλθε. νύκτα ἐπιπόνως, ὕπνοι σμικροί, λόγοι, λῆρος, ἄκρεα πάντοθεν ψυχρὰ καὶ οὐκέτι ἀναθερμαινόμενα, οὔρησε μέλανα, ἐκοιμήθη σμικρὰ πρὸς ἡμέρην, ἄφωνος, ἵδρωσε ψυχρῷ, ἄκρεα πελιδνά. περὶ δὲ μέσον ἡμέρης ἑκταῖος ἀπέθανεν. τούτῳ πνεῦμα διὰ τέλεος, ὥσπερ ἀνακαλεομένῳ, ἀραιὸν μέγα· σπλὴν ἐπήρθη περιφερεῖ κυρτώματι, ἱδρῶτες ψυχροὶ διὰ τέλεος. οἱ παροξυσμοὶ ἐν ἀρτίῃσιν.

[¶7] 4.2. Silenus lived on Broadway near the place of Eualcidas. After over-exertion, drinking, and exercises at the wrong time he was attacked by fever. He began by having pains in the loins, with heaviness in the head and tightness of the neck. From the bowels on the first day there passed copious discharges of bilious matter, unmixed, frothy, and highly coloured. Urine black, with a black sediment; thirst; tongue dry; no sleep at night. Second day. Acute fever, stools more copious, thinner, frothy; urine black; uncomfortable night; slightly out of his mind. Third day. General exacerbation; oblong tightness of the hypochondrium, soft underneath, extending on both sides to the navel; stools thin, blackish; urine turbid, blackish; no sleep at night; much rambling, laughter, singing; no power of restraining himself. Fourth day. Same symptoms. Fifth day. Stools unmixed, bilious, smooth, greasy; urine thin, transparent; lucid intervals. Sixth day. Slight sweats about the head; extremities cold and livid; much tossing; nothing passed from the bowels; urine suppressed; acute fever. Seventh day. Speechless; extremities would no longer get warm; no urine. Eighth day. Cold sweat all over; red spots with sweat, round, small like acne, which persisted without subsiding. From the bowels with slight stimulus there came a copious discharge of solid stools, thin, as it were unconcocted, painful. Urine painful and irritating. Extremities grow a little warmer; fitful sleep; coma; speechlessness; thin, transparent urine. Ninth day. Same symptoms. Tenth day. Took no drink; coma; fitful sleep. Discharges from the bowels similar; had a copious discharge of thickish urine, which on standing left a farinaceous, white deposit; extremities again cold. Eleventh day. Death. From the beginning the breath in this case was throughout rare and large. Continuous throbbing of the hypochondrium; age about twenty years.

> Greek: 4.2. β′. Σιληνὸς ᾤκει ἐπὶ τοῦ πλαταμῶνος πλησίον τῶν Εὐαλκίδεω. ἐκ κόπων καὶ πότων καὶ γυμνασιων ἀκαίρων πῦρ ἔλαβεν. ἤρξατο δὲ πονεῖν κατʼ ὀσφῦν· καὶ κεφαλῆς βάρος καὶ τραχήλου σύντασις. ἀπὸ δὲ κοιλίης τῇ πρώτῃ χολώδεα, ἄκρητα, ἔπαφρα, κατακορέα πολλὰ διῆλθεν· οὖρα μέλανα, μέλαιναν ὑπόστασιν ἔχοντα, διψώδης, γλῶσσα ἐπίξηρος, νυκτὸς οὐδὲν ἐκοιμήθη. δευτέρῃ πυρετὸς ὀξύς, διαχωρήματα πλείω, λεπτότερα, ἔπαφρα, οὖρα μέλανα, νύκτα δυσφόρως, σμικρὰ παρέκρουσε. τρίτῃ πάντα παρωξύνθη· ὑποχονδρίου σύντασις ἐξ ἀμφοτέρων παραμήκης πρὸς ὀμφαλόν, ὑπολάπαρος· διαχωρήματα λεπτά, ὑπομέλανα, οὖρα θολερά, ὑπομέλανα, νυκτὸς οὐδὲν ἐκοιμήθη, λόγοι πολλοί, γέλως, ᾠδή, κατέχειν οὐκ ἠδύνατο. τετάρτῃ διὰ τῶν αὐτῶν. πέμπτῃ διαχωρήματα ἄκρητα, χο λώδεα, λεῖα, λιπαρά, οὖρα λεπτά, διαφανέα· σμικρὰ κατενόει. ἕκτῃ περὶ κεφαλὴν σμικρὰ ἐφίδρωσεν, ἄκρεα ψυχρά, πελιδνά, πολὺς βληστρισμός, ἀπὸ κοιλίης οὐδὲν διῆλθεν, οὖρα ἐπέστη, πυρετὸς ὀξύς. ἑβδόμῃ ἄφωνος, ἄκρεα οὐκέτι ἀνεθερμαίνετο, οὔρησεν οὐδέν. ὀγδόῃ ἵδρωσεν διʼ ὅλου ψυχρῷ· ἐξανθήματα μετὰ ἱδρῶτος ἐρυθρά, στρογγύλα, σμικρὰ οἷον ἴονθοι, παρέμενεν, οὐ καθίστατο· ἀπὸ δὲ κοιλίης ἐρεθισμῷ σμικρῷ κοπρανα λεπτά, οἷα ἄπεπτα, πολλὰ διῄει μετὰ πόνου· οὔρει μετʼ ὀδύνης δακνώδεα· ἄκρεα σμικρὰ ἀνεθερμαίνετο, ὕπνοι λεπτοί, κωματώδης, ἄφωνος, οὖρα λεπτὰ διαφανέα. ἐνάτῃ διὰ τῶν αὐτῶν. δεκάτῃ ποτὰ οὐκ ἐδέχετο, κωματώδης, ὕπνοι λεπτοί· ἀπὸ δὲ κοιλίης ὅμοια, οὔρησεν ἀθρόον ὑπόπαχυ· κειμένῳ ὑπόστασις κριμνώδης λευκή, ἄκρεα πάλιν ψυχρά. ἑνδεκάτῃ ἀπέθανεν. ἐξ ἀρχῆς τούτῳ καὶ διὰ τέλεος πνεῦμα ἀραιόν, μέγα. ὑποχονδρίου παλμὸς συνεχής, ἡλικίη ὡς περὶ ἔτεα εἴκοσιν.

[¶8] 4.3. Herophon had acute fever; scanty stools with tenesmus at the beginning, afterwards becoming thin, bilious and fairly frequent. No sleep; urine black and thin. Fifth day. Deafness early in the day; general exacerbation; spleen swollen; tension of the hypochondrium; scanty black stools; delirium. Sixth day. Wandering talk; at night sweat and chill; the wandering persisted. Seventh Day. Chill all over; thirst; out of his mind. During the night he was rational, and slept. Eighth day. Fever; spleen lessened; quite rational; pain at first in the groin, on the side of the spleen; then the pains extended to both legs. Night comfortable; urine of a better colour, with a slight deposit. Ninth day. Sweat, crisis, intermission. On the fifth day after the crisis the patient relapsed. Immediately the spleen swelled; acute fever; return of deafness. On the third day after the relapse the spleen grew less and the deafness diminished, but there was pain in the legs. During the night he sweated. The crisis was about the seventeenth day. There was no delirium during the relapse.

> Greek: 4.3. γ′. Ἡροφῶντι πυρετὸς ὀξύς, ἀπὸ κοιλίης ὀλίγα, τεινεσμώδεα κατʼ ἀρχάς, μετὰ δὲ λεπτὰ διῄει χολώδεα, ὑπόσυχνα· ὕπνοι οὐκ ἐνῆσαν, οὖρα μέλανα λεπτά. πέμπτῃ πρωὶ κώφωσις, παρωξύνθη πάντα, σπλὴν ἐπήρθη, ὑποχονδρίου σύντασις, ἀπὸ κοιλίης ὀλίγα διῆλθε μέλανα, παρεφρόνησεν. ἕκτῃ ἐλήρει, ἐς νύκτα ἱδρώς, ψύξις, παράληρος παρέμενεν. ἑβδόμῃ περιέψυκτο, διψώδης, παρέκρουσε. νύκτα κατενόει, κατεκοιμήθη. ὀγδόῃ ἐπύρεσσεν, σπλὴν ἐμειοῦτο, κατενόει πάντα, ἤλγησεν τὸ πρῶτον κατὰ βουβῶνα, σπληνὸς κατʼ ἴξιν, ἔπειτα δὲ πόνοι ἐς ἀμφοτέρας κνήμας. νύκτα εὐφόρως, οὖρα εὐχροώτερα, ὑπόστασιν εἶχε σμικρήν. ἐνάτῃ ἵδρωσεν, ἐκρίθη, διέλιπεν. πέμπτῃ ὑπέστρεψεν. αὐτίκα δὲ σπλὴν ἐπήρθη, πυρετὸς ὀξύς, κώφωσις πάλιν· μετὰ δὲ τὴν ὑποστροφὴν τρίτῃ σπλὴν ἐμειοῦτο, κώφωσις ἧσσον, σκέλεα ἐπωδύνως· νύκτα ἵδρωσεν. ἐκρίθη περὶ ἑπτακαιδεκάτην· οὐδὲ παρέκρουσεν ἐν τῇ ὑποστροφῇ.

[¶9] 4.4. In Thasos the wife of Philinus gave birth to a daughter. The lochial discharge was normal, and the mother was doing well when on the fourteenth day after delivery she was seized with fever attended with rigor. At first she suffered in the stomach and the right hypochondrium. Pains in the genital organs. The discharge ceased. By a pessary these troubles were eased, but pains persisted in the head, neck and loins. No sleep; extremities cold; thirst; bowels burnt; scanty stools; urine thin, and at first colourless. Sixth day. Much delirium at night, followed by recovery of reason. Seventh day. Thirst; stools scanty, bilious, highly coloured. Eighth day. Rigor; acute fever; many painful convulsions; much delirium. The application of a suppository made her keep going to stool, and there were copious motions with a bilious flux. No sleep. Ninth day. Convulsions. Tenth day. Lucid intervals. Eleventh day. Slept; complete recovery of her memory, followed quickly by renewed delirium. A copious passing of urine with convulsionsher attendants seldom reminding herwhich was white and thick, like urine with a sediment and then shaken; it stood for a long time without forming a sediment; colour and consistency like that of the urine of cattle. Such was the nature of the urine that I myself saw. About the fourteenth day there were twitchings over all the body; much wandering, with lucid intervals followed quickly by renewed delirium. About the seventeenth day she became speechless. Twentieth day. Death.

> Greek: 4.4. δ′. ἐν Θάσῳ Φιλίνου γυναῖκα θυγατέρα τεκοῦσαν κατὰ φύσιν καθάρσιος γενομένης καὶ τὰ ἄλλα κούφως διάγουσαν, τεσσαρεσκαιδεκαταίην ἐοῦσαν μετὰ τὸν τόκον, πῦρ ἔλαβε μετὰ ῥίγεος· ἤλγει δὲ ἀρχομένη καρδίην καὶ ὑποχόνδριον δεξιόν· γυναικείων πόνοι· κάθαρσις ἐπαύσατο. προσθεμένῃ δὲ ταῦτα μὲν ἐκουφίσθη, κεφαλῆς δὲ καὶ τραχήλου καὶ ὀσφύος πόνοι παρέμενον, ὕπνοι οὐκ ἐνῆσαν, ἄκρεα ψυχρά, διψώδης, κοιλίη συνεκαύθη, σμικρὰ διῄει, οὖρα λεπτά, ἄχρω κατʼ ἀρχάς. ἑκταίη ἐς νύκτα παρέκρουσε πολλὰ καὶ πάλιν κατενόει. ἑβδόμῃ διψώδης, διαχωρήματα ὀλίγα χολώδεα κατακορέα. ὀγδόῃ ἐπερρίγωσεν, πυρετὸς ὀξύς, σπασμοὶ πολλοὶ μετὰ πόνου, πολλὰ παρέλεγεν· ἐξανίστατο βάλανον προσθεμένη· πολλὰ διῆλθε μετὰ περιρρόου χολώδεος· ὕπνοι οὐκ ἐνῆσαν. ἐνάτῃ σπασμοί. δεκάτῃ σμικρὰ κατενόει. ἑνδεκάτῃ ἐκοιμήθη, πάντων ἀνεμνήσθη, ταχὺ δὲ πάλιν παρέκρουσεν· οὔρει δὲ μετὰ σπασμῶν ἀθρόον πολὺ ὀλιγάκις ἀναμιμνῃσκόντων παχὺ λευκόν, οἷον γίνεται ἐκ τῶν καθισταμένων, ὅταν ἀναταραχθῇ· κείμενον πολὺν χρόνον οὐ καθίστατο· χρῶμα καὶ πάχος ἴκελον οἷον γίνεται ὑποζυγίου. τοιαῦτα οὔρει, οἷα κἀγὼ εἶδον. περὶ τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτην ἐούσῃ παλμὸς διʼ ὅλου τοῦ σώματος, λόγοι πολλοί, σμικρὰ κατενόει· διὰ ταχέων δὲ πάλιν παρέκρουσεν. περὶ δὲ ἑπτακαιδεκάτην ἐοῦσα ἄφωνος. εἰκοστῇ ἀπέθανε.

[¶10] 4.5. The wife of Epicrates, who lay sick near the founder, when near her delivery was seized with severe rigor without, it was said, becoming warm, and the same symptoms occurred on the following day. On the third day she gave birth to a daughter, and the delivery was in every respect normal. On the second day after the delivery she was seized with acute fever, pain at the stomach and in the genitals. A pessary relieved these symptoms, but there was pain in the head, neck and loins. No sleep. From the bowels passed scanty stools, bilious, thin and unmixed. Urine thin and blackish. Delirium on the night of the sixth day from the day the fever began. Seventh day. All symptoms exacerbated; sleeplessness; delirium; thirst; bilious, highly-coloured stools. Eighth day. Rigor; more sleep. Ninth day. The same symptoms. Tenth day. Severe pains in the legs; pain again at the stomach; heaviness in the head; no delirium; more sleep; constipation. Eleventh day. Urine of better colour, with a thick deposit; was easier. Fourteenth day. Rigor; acute fever. Fifteenth day. Vomited fairly frequently bilious, yellow vomit; sweated without fever; at night, however, acute fever; urine thick, with a white sediment. Sixteenth day. Exacerbation; an uncomfortable night; no sleep; delirium. Eighteenth day. Thirst; tongue parched; no sleep; much delirium; pain in the legs. About the twentieth day. Slight rigors in the early morning; coma; quiet sleep; scanty, bilious, black vomits; deafness at night. About the twenty-first day. Heaviness all over the left side, with pain; slight coughing; urine thick, turbid, reddish, no sediment on standing. In other respects easier; no fever. From the beginning she had pain in the throat; redness; uvula drawn back; throughout there persisted an acrid flux, smarting, and salt. About the twenty-seventh day. No fever; sediment in urine; some pain in the side. About the thirty-first day. Attacked by fever; bowels disordered and bilious. Fortieth day. Scanty, bilious vomits. Eightieth day. Complete crisis with cessation of fever.

> Greek: 4.5. ε′. Ἐπικράτεος γυναῖκα, ἣ κατέκειτο παρὰ ἀρχηγέτην, περὶ τόκον ἤδη ἐοῦσαν ῥῖγος ἔλαβεν ἰσχυρῶς, οὐκ ἐθερμάνθη, ὡς ἔλεγον, καὶ τῇ ὑστεραίῃ τὰ αὐτά. τρίτῃ δʼ ἔτεκεν θυγατέρα καὶ τἄλλα πάντα κατὰ λόγον ἦλθε. δευτεραίην μετὰ τὸν τόκον ἔλαβε πυρετὸς ὀξύς, καρδίης πόνος καὶ γυναικείων. προσθεμένῃ δὲ ταῦτα μὲν ἐκουφίσθη, κεφαλῆς δὲ καὶ τραχήλου καὶ ὀσφύος πόνος· ὕπνοι οὐκ ἐνῆσαν· ἀπὸ δὲ κοιλίης ὀλίγα χολώδεα λεπτὰ διῄει ἄκρητα· οὖρα λεπτὰ ὑπομέλανα. ἀφʼ ἧς δὲ ἔλαβε τὸ πῦρ, ἐς νύκτα ἑκταίη παρέκρουσεν. ἑβδομαίῃ πάντα παρωξύνθη, ἄγρυπνος, παρέκρουσεν, διψώδης, διαχωρήματα χολώδεα κατακορέα. ὀγδόῃ ἐπερρίγωσεν καὶ ἐκοιμήθη πλείω. ἐνάτῃ διὰ τῶν αὐτῶν. δεκάτῃ σκέλεα ἐπιπόνως ἤλγει, καρδίης πάλιν ὀδύνη, καρηβαρίη, οὐ παρέκρουεν, ἐκοιμᾶτο μᾶλλον, κοιλίη ἐπέστη. ἑνδεκάτῃ οὔρησεν εὐχροώτερα συχνὴν ὑπόστασιν ἔχοντα· διῆγε κουφότερον. τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτῃ ἐπερρίγωσεν, πυρετὸς ὀξύς. πεντεκαιδεκάτῃ ἤμεσε χολώδεα ξανθὰ ὑπόσυχνα, ἵδρωσεν ἄπυρος, ἐς νύκτα δὲ πυρετὸς ὀξύς, οὖρα πάχος ἔχοντα, ὑπόστασις λευκή. ἑκκαιδεκάτῃ παρωξύνθη· νύκτα δυσφόρως· οὐχ ὕπνωσεν· παρέκρουσεν. ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῃ διψώδης, γλῶσσα ἐπεκαύθη, οὐχ ὕπνωσεν, παρέκρουσε πολλά, σκέλεα ἐπωδύνως εἶχεν. περὶ δὲ εἰκοστὴν πρωὶ σμικρὰ ἐπερρίγωσεν, κωματώδης, διʼ ἡσυχίης ὕπνωσεν, ἤμεσε χολώδεα ὀλίγα μέλανα, ἐς νύκτα κώφωσις. περὶ δὲ πρώτην καὶ εἰκοστὴν πλευροῦ ἀριστεροῦ βάρος διʼ ὅλου μετʼ ὀδύνης, σμικρὰ ὑπέβησσεν. οὖρα δὲ πάχος ἔχοντα, θολερά, ὑπέρυθρα· κείμενα οὐ καθίστατο· τὰ δʼ ἄλλα κουφοτέρως· οὐκ ἄπυρος. αὕτη ἐξ ἀρχῆς φάρυγγα ἐπώδυνος· ἔρευθος· κίων ἀνεσπασμένος· ῥεῦμα δριμύ, δακνῶδες, ἁλμυρῶδες διὰ τέλεος παρέμενεν. περὶ δὲ εἰκοστὴν ἑβδόμην ἄπυρος, οὔροισιν ὑπόστασις, πλευρὸν ὑπήλγει. περὶ δὲ πρώτην καὶ τριακοστὴν πῦρ ἔλαβεν, κοιλίη χολώδεσιν ἐπεταράχθη. τεσσαρακοστῇ ἤμεσεν ὀλίγα χολώδεα. ἐκρίθη τελέως ἄπυρος ὀγδοη κοστῇ.

[¶11] 4.6. Cleanactides, who lay sick above the temple of Heracles, was seized by an irregular fever. He had at the beginning pains in the head and the left side, and in the other parts pains like those caused by fatigue. The exacerbations of the fever were varied and irregular; sometimes there were sweats, sometimes there were not. Generally the exacerbations manifested themselves most on the critical days. About the twenty-fourth day. Pain in the hands; bilious, yellow vomits, fairly frequent, becoming after a while like verdigris; general relief. About the thirtieth day. Epistaxis from both nostrils began, and continued, irregular and slight, until the crisis. All the time he suffered no thirst, nor lack of appetite or sleep. Urine thin, and not colourless. About the fortieth day. Urine reddish, and with an abundant, red deposit. Was eased. Afterwards the urine varied, sometimes having, sometimes not having, a sediment. Sixtieth day. Urine had an abundant sediment, white and smooth; general improvement; fever intermitted; urine again thin but of good colour. Seventieth day. Fever, which intermitted for ten days. Eightieth day. Rigor; attacked by acute fever; much sweat; in the urine a red, smooth sediment. A complete crisis.

> Greek: 4.6. σ′. Κλεανακτίδην, ὃς κατέκειτο ἐπάνω τοῦ Ἡρακλείου, πῦρ ἔλαβε πεπλανημένως· ἤλγει δὲ κεφαλὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς καὶ πλευρὸν ἀριστερόν, καὶ τῶν ἄλλων πόνοι κοπιώδεα τρόπον· οἱ πυρετοὶ παροξυνόμενοι ἄλλοτʼ ἀλλοίως, ἀτάκτως· ἱδρῶτες ὅτε μέν, ὅτε δʼ οὔ· τὰ μὲν πλεῖστα ἐπεσήμαινον οἱ παροξυσμοὶ ἐν κρισίμοις μάλιστα. περὶ δὲ εἰκοστὴν τετάρτην χεῖρας ἄκρας ἐπόνησεν, ἤμεσε χολώδεα ξανθά, ὑπόσυχνα, μετʼ ὀλίγον δὲ ἰώδεα· πάντων ἐκουφίσθη. περὶ δὲ τριακοστὴν ἐόντι ἤρξατο ἀπὸ ῥινῶν αἱμορραγεῖν ἐξ ἀμφοτέρων καὶ ταῦτα πεπλανημένως κατʼ ὀλίγον μέχρι κρίσιος· οὐκ ἀπόσιτος οὐδὲ διψώδης παρὰ πάντα τὸν χρόνον οὐδʼ ἄγρυπνος· οὖρα δὲ λεπτά, οὐκ ἄχρω. περὶ δὲ τεσσαρακοστὴν ἐὼν οὔρησεν ὑπέρυθρα ὑπόστασιν πολλὴν ἐρυθρὴν ἔχοντα· ἐκουφίσθη. μετὰ δὲ ποικίλως τὰ τῶν οὔρων· ὅτε μὲν ὑπόστασιν εἶχεν, ὅτε δʼ οὔ. ἑξηκοστῇ οὔροισιν ὑπόστασις πολλὴ καὶ λευκὴ καὶ λείη, συνέδωκε πάντα, πυρετοὶ διελιπον, οὖρα δὲ πάλιν λεπτὰ μέν, εὔχρω δέ. ἑβδομηκοστῇ πυρετός, διέλειπεν ἡμέρας δέκα. ὀγδοηκοστῇ ἐρρίγωσε, πυρετὸς ὀξὺς ἔλαβεν· ἵδρωσεν πολλῷ· οὔροισιν ὑπόστασις ἐρυθρή, λείη. τελέως ἐκρίθη.

[¶12] 4.7. Meton was seized with fever, and painful heaviness in the loins. Second day. After a fairly copious draught of water had his bowels well moved. Third day. Heaviness in the head; stools thin, bilious, rather red. Fourth day. General exacerbation; slight epistaxis twice from the right nostril. An uncomfortable night; stools as on the third day; urine rather black; had a rather black cloud floating in it, spread out, which did not settle. Fifth day. Violent epistaxis of unmixed blood from the left nostril; sweat; crisis. After the crisis sleeplessness; wandering; urine thin and rather black. His head was bathed; sleep; reason restored. The patient suffered no relapse, but after the crisis bled several times from the nose.

> Greek: 4.7. ζ′. Μέτωνα πῦρ ἔλαβεν, ὀσφύος βάρος ἐπώδυνον. δευτέρῃ ὕδωρ πιόντι ὑπόσυχνον ἀπὸ κοιλίης καλῶς διῆλθε. τρίτῃ κεφαλῆς βάρος, διαχωρήματα λεπτά, χολώδεα, ὑπέρυθρα. τετάρτῃ πάντα παρωξύνθη, ἐρρύη ἀπὸ δεξιοῦ δὶς κατʼ ὀλίγον. νύκτα δυσφόρως, διαχωρήματα ὅμοια τῇ τρίτῃ, οὖρα ὑπομέλανα· εἶχεν ἐναιώρημα ὑπόμελαν ἐόν, διεσπασμένον· οὐχ ἱδρύετο. πέμπτῃ ἐρρύη λάβρον ἐξ ἀριστεροῦ ἄκρητον, ἵδρωσεν, ἐκρίθη. μετὰ κρίσιν ἄγρυπνος, παρέλεγεν, οὖρα λεπτὰ ὑπομέλανα. λουτροῖσιν ἐχρήσατο κατὰ κεφαλῆς, ἐκοιμήθη, κατενόει. τούτῳ οὐχ ὑπέστρεψεν, ἀλλʼ ᾑμορράγει πολλάκις μετὰ κρίσιν.

[¶13] 4.8. Erasinus lived by the gully of Boétes. Was seized with fever after supper; a troubled night. First day. Quiet, but the night was painful. Second day. General exacerbation; delirium at night. Third day. Pain and much delirium. Fourth day. Very uncomfortable; no sleep at night; dreams and wandering. Then worse symptoms, of a striking and significant character; fear and discomfort. Fifth day. Early in the morning was composed, and in complete possession of his senses. But long before mid-day was madly delirious; could not restrain himself; extremities cold and rather livid; urine suppressed; died about sunset. In this patient the fever was throughout accompanied by sweat; the hypochondria were swollen, distended and painful. Urine black, with round, suspended particles which did not settle. There were solid discharges from the bowels. Thirst throughout not very great. Many convulsions with sweating about the time of death.

> Greek: 4.8. η′. Ἐρασῖνος ᾤκει παρὰ Βοώτεω χαράδρην. πῦρ ἔλαβεν μετὰ δεῖπνον, νύκτα ταραχώδης. ἡμέρην τὴν πρώτην διʼ ἡσυχίης, νύκτα ἐπιπόνως. δευτέρῃ πάντα παρωξύνθη, ἐς νύκτα παρέκρουσε. τρίτῃ ἐπιπόνως, πολλὰ παρέκρουσε. τετάρτῃ δυσφορώτατα· ἐς δὲ τὴν νύκτα οὐδὲν ἐκοιμήθη· ἐνύπνια καὶ λογισμοί· ἔπειτα χείρω, μεγάλα καὶ ἐπίκαιρα, φόβος, δυσφορίη. πέμπτῃ πρωὶ κατήρτητο· κατενόει πάντα· πολὺ δὲ πρὸ μέσου ἡμέρης ἐξεμάνη, κατέχειν οὐκ ἠδύνατο, ἄκρεα ψυχρὰ ὑποπέλια, οὖρα ἐπέστη· ἀπέθανε περὶ ἡλίου δυσμάς. τούτῳ πυρετοὶ διὰ τέλεος σὺν ἱδρῶτι, ὑποχόνδρια μετέωρα, σύντασις μετʼ ὀδύνης· οὖρα μέλανα ἔχοντα ἐναιωρήματα στρογγύλα· οὐχ ἱδρύετο· ἀπὸ δὲ κοιλίης κόπρανα διῄει· δίψα διὰ τέλεος οὐ λίην· σπασμοὶ πολλοὶ σὺν ἱδρῶτι περὶ θάνατον.

[¶14] 4.9. Crito, in Thasos, while walking about, was seized with a violent pain in the great toe. He took to bed the same day with shivering and nausea; regained a little warmth; at night was delirious. Second day. Swelling of the whole foot, which was rather red about the ankle, and distended; black blisters; acute fever; mad delirium. Alvine discharges unmixed, bilious and rather frequent. He died on the second day from the commencement.

> Greek: 4.9. θ′. Κρίτωνι ἐν Θάσῳ ποδὸς ὀδύνη ἤρξατο ἰσχυρὴ ἀπὸ δακτύλου τοῦ μεγάλου ὀρθοστάδην περιιόντι. κατεκλίνη αὐθημερόν, φρικώδης, ἀσώδης, σμικρὰ ὑποθερμαινόμενος, ἐς νύκτα παρεφρόνησεν. δευτέρῃ οἴδημα διʼ ὅλου τοῦ ποδὸς καὶ περὶ σφυρὸν ὑπέρυθρον μετὰ συντάσιος, φλυκταινίδια μέλανα, πυρετὸς ὀξύς, ἐξεμάνη· ἀπὸ δὲ κοιλίης ἄκρητα, χολώδεα, ὑπόσυχνα. ἀπέθανεν ἀπὸ τῆς ἀρχῆς δευτεραῖος.

[¶15] 4.10. The man of Clazomenae, who lay sick by the well of Phrynichides, was seized with fever. Pain at the beginning in head, neck and loins, followed immediately by deafness. No sleep; seized with acute fever; hypochondrium swollen, but not very much; distension; tongue dry. Fourth day. Delirium at night. Fifth day. Painful. Sixth day. All symptoms exacerbated. About the eleventh day slight improvement. From the beginning to the fourteenth day there were from the bowels thin discharges, copious, of a watery biliousness; they were well supported by the patient. Then the bowels were constipated. Urine throughout thin, but of good colour. It had much cloud spread through it, which did not settle in a sediment. About the sixteenth day the urine was a little thicker, and had a slight sediment. The patient became a little easier, and was more rational. Seventeenth day. Urine thin again; painful swellings by both ears. No sleep; wandering; pain in the legs. Twentieth day. A crisis left the patient free from fever; no sweating; quite rational. About the twenty-seventh day violent pain in the right hip, which quickly ceased. The swellings by the ears neither subsided nor suppurated, but continued painful. About the thirty-first day diarrhéa with copious, watery discharges and signs of dysentery. Urine thick; the swellings by the ears subsided. Fortieth day. Pain in the right eye; sight rather impaired; recovery.

> Greek: 4.10. ι′. τὸν Κλαζομένιον, ὃς κατέκειτο παρὰ τὸ Φρυνιχίδεω φρέαρ, πῦρ ἔλαβε. ἤλγει δὲ κεφαλήν, τράχηλον, ὀσφῦν ἐξ ἀρχῆς, αὐτίκα δὲ κώφωσις· ὕπνοι οὐκ ἐνῆσαν, πυρετὸς ὀξὺς ἔλαβεν, ὑποχόνδριον ἐπῆρτο μετʼ ὄγκου οὐ λίην, σύντασις, γλῶσσα ξηρή. τετάρτῃ ἐς νύκτα παρεφρόνει. πέμπτῃ ἐπιπόνως. ἕκτῃ πάντα παρωξύνθη. περὶ δὲ ἑνδεκάτην σμικρὰ συνέδωκεν. ἀπὸ δὲ κοιλίης ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς καὶ μέχρι τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτης λεπτά, πολλά, ὑδατόχολα διῄει· εὐφόρως τὰ περὶ διαχώρησιν διῆγεν. ἔπειτα κοιλίη ἐπέστη. οὖρα διὰ τέλεος λεπτὰ μέν, εὔχρω δέ· καὶ πολὺ εἶχεν ἐναιώρημα ὑποδιεσπασμένον· οὐχ ἱδρύετο. περὶ δὲ ἕκτην καὶ δεκάτην οὔρησεν ὀλίγῳ παχύτερα· εἶχε σμικρὴν ὑπόστασιν· ἐκούφισεν ὀλίγῳ· κατενόει μᾶλλον. ἑπτακαιδεκάτῃ πάλιν λεπτά, παρὰ δὲ τὰ ὦτα ἀμφότερα ἐπήρθη σὺν ὀδύνῃ· ὕπνοι οὐκ ἐνῆσαν, παρελήρει, σκέλεα ἐπωδύνως εἶχεν. εἰκοστῇ ἄπυρος ἐκρίθη, οὐχ ἵδρωσε, πάντα κατενόει. περὶ δὲ εἰκοστὴν ἑβδόμην ἰσχίου ὀδύνη δεξιοῦ ἰσχυρῶς· διὰ ταχέων ἐπαύσατο. τὰ δὲ παρὰ τὰ ὦτα οὔτε καθίστατο οὔτε ἐξεπύει, ἤλγει δέ. περὶ πρώτην καὶ τριηκοστὴν διάρροια πολλοῖσιν ὑδατώδεσιν μετὰ δυσεντεριωδέων· οὖρα παχέα οὔρει· κατέστη τὰ παρὰ τὰ ὦτα. τεσσαρακοστῇ ὀφθαλμὸν δεξιὸν ἤλγει, ἀμβλύτερον ἑώρα· κατέστη.

[¶16] 4.11. The wife of Dromeades, after giving birth to a daughter, when everything had gone normally, on the second day was seized with rigor; acute fever. On the first day she began to feel pain in the region of the hypochondrium; nausea; shivering; restless; and on the following days did not sleep. Respiration rare, large, interrupted at once as by an inspiration. Second day from rigor. Healthy action of the bowels. Urine thick, white, turbid, like urine which has settled, stood a long time, and then been stirred up. It did not settle. No sleep at night. Third day. At about mid-day rigor; acute fever; urine similar; pain in the hypochondrium; nausea; an uncomfortable night without sleep; a cold sweat all over the body, but the patient quickly recovered heat. Fourth day. Slight relief of the pains about the hypochondrium; painful heaviness of the head; somewhat comatose; slight epistaxis; tongue dry; thirst; scanty urine, thin and oily; snatches of sleep. Fifth day. Thirst; nausea; urine similar; no movement of the bowels; about mid-day much delirium, followed quickly by lucid intervals; rose, but grew somewhat comatose; slight chilliness; slept at night; was delirious. Sixth day. In the morning had a rigor; quickly recovered heat; sweated all over; extremities cold; was delirious; respiration large and rare. After a while convulsions began from the head, quickly followed by death.

> Greek: 4.11. ια′. τὴν Δρομεάδεω γυναῖκα θυγατέρα τεκοῦσαν καὶ τῶν ἄλλων πάντων γενομένων κατὰ λόγον δευτεραίην ἐοῦσαν ῥῖγος ἔλαβεν· πυρετὸς ὀξύς. ἤρξατο δὲ πονεῖν τῇ πρώτῃ περὶ ὑποχόνδριον· ἀσώδης, φρικώδης, ἀλύουσα καὶ τὰς ἐχομένας οὐχ ὕπνωσε. πνεῦμα ἀραιόν, μέγα, αὐτίκα ἀνεσπασμένον. δευτέρῃ ἀφʼ ἧς ἐρρίγωσεν, ἀπὸ κοιλίης καλῶς κόπρανα διῆλθεν· οὖρα παχέα, λευκά, θολερά, οἷα γίνεται ἐκ τῶν καθισταμένων, ὅταν ἀναταραχθῇ κείμενα χρόνον πολύν· οὐ καθίστατο. νύκτα οὐκ ἐκοιμήθη. τρίτῃ περὶ μέσον ἡμέρης ἐπερρίγωσε, πυρετὸς ὀξύς, οὖρα ὅμοια, ὑποχονδρίου πόνος, ἀσώδης, νύκτα δυσφόρως, οὐκ ἐκοιμήθη· ἵδρωσε διʼ ὅλου ψυχρῷ, ταχὺ δὲ πάλιν ἀνεθερμάνθη. τετάρτῃ περὶ ὑπο χόνδριον σμικρὰ ἐκουφίσθη, κεφαλῆς δὲ βάρος μετʼ ὀδύνης· ὑπεκαρώθη· σμικρὰ ἀπὸ ῥινῶν ἔσταξε· γλῶσσα ἐπίξηρος· διψώδης· οὖρα σμικρὰ λεπτὰ ἐλαιώδεα· σμικρὰ ἐκοιμήθη. πέμπτῃ διψώδης, ἀσώδης, οὖρα ὅμοια, ἀπὸ κοιλίης οὐδέν, περὶ δὲ μέσον ἡμέρης πολλὰ παρέκρουσε καὶ πάλιν ταχὺ σμικρὰ κατενόει· ἀνισταμένη ὑπεκαρώθη, ψύξις σμικρά, νυκτὸς ἐκοιμήθη, παρέκρουσεν. ἕκτῃ πρωὶ ἐπερρίγωσεν, ταχὺ διεθερμάνθη, ἵδρωσε διʼ ὅλου· ἄκρεα ψυχρά, παρέκρουσεν, πνεῦμα μέγα, ἀραιόν· μετʼ ὀλίγον σπασμοὶ ἀπὸ κεφαλῆς ἤρξαντο, ταχὺ ἀπέθανεν.

[¶17] 4.12. A man dined when hot and drank too much. During the night he vomited everything; acute fever; pain in the right hypochondrium; inflammation, soft underneath, from the inner part; an uncomfortable night; urine at the first thick and red; on standing it did not settle; tongue dry; no great thirst. Fourth day. Acute fever; pains all over. Fifth day. Passed much smooth, oily urine; acute fever. Sixth day. In the afternoon much delirium. No sleep at night. Seventh day. General exacerbation; urine similar; much rambling; could not restrain himself; on stimulation the bowels passed watery, disturbed discharges, with worms. An uncomfortable night, with rigor in the morning. Acute fever. Hot sweat, and the patient seemed to lose his fever; little sleep, followed by chilliness; expectoration. In the evening much delirium, and shortly afterwards he vomited black, scanty, bilious vomits. Ninth day. Chill; much wandering; no sleep. Tenth day. Legs painful; general exacerbation; wandering. Eleventh day. Death.

> Greek: 4.12. ιβ′. ἄνθρωπος θερμαινόμενος ἐδείπνησεν καὶ ἔπιε πλέον. ἤμεσε πάντα νυκτός, πυρετὸς ὀξύς, ὑποχονδρίου δεξιοῦ πόνος, φλεγμονὴ ὑπολάπαρος ἐκ τοῦ ἔσω μέρεος, νύκτα δυσφόρως· οὖρα δὲ κατʼ ἀρχὰς πάχος ἔχοντα, ἐρυθρά· κείμενα οὐ καθίστατο· γλῶσσα ἐπίξηρος, οὐ λίην διψώδης. τετάρτῃ πυρετὸς ὀξύς, πόνοι πάντων. πέμπτῃ οὔρησε λεῖον ἐλαιῶδες πολύ· πυρετὸς ὀξύς. ἕκτῃ δείλης πολλὰ παρέκρουσεν. οὐδὲ νύκτα ἐκοιμήθη. ἑβδόμῃ πάντα παρωξύνθη· οὖρα ὅμοια, λόγοι πολλοί, κατέχειν οὐκ ἠδύνατο· ἀπὸ δὲ κοιλίης ἐρεθισμῷ ὑγρὰ ταραχώδεα διῆλθεν μετὰ ἐλμίγγων. νύκτα ἐπιπόνως, πρωὶ δʼ ἐρρίγωσε. πυρετὸς ὀξύς. ἵδρωσε θερμῷ, ἄπυρος ἔδοξε γενέσθαι· οὐ πολὺ ἐκοιμήθη, ἐξ ὕπνου ψύξις· πτυαλισμός. δείλης πολλὰ παρέκρουσε, μετʼ ὀλίγον δὲ ἤμεσε μέλανα, ὀλίγα, χολώδεα. ἐνάτῃ ψύξις, παρελήρει πολλά, οὐχ ὕπνωσεν. δεκάτῃ σκέλεα ἐπωδύνως, πάντα παρωξύνθη, παρελήρει. ἑνδεκάτῃ ἀπέθανεν.

[¶18] 4.13. A woman lying sick by the shore, who was three months gone with child, was seized with fever, and immediately began to feel pains in the loins. Third day. Pain in the neck and in the head, and in the region of the right collar-bone. Quickly she lost her power of speech, the right arm was paralyzed, with a convulsion, after the manner of a stroke; completely delirious. An uncomfortable night, without sleep; bowels disordered with bilious, unmixed, scanty stools. Fourth day. Her speech was recovered, but was indistinct; convulsions; pains of the same parts remained; painful swelling in the hypochondrium; no sleep; utter delirium; bowels disordered; urine thin, and not of good colour. Fifth day. Acute fever; pain in the hypochondrium; utter delirium; bilious stools. At night sweated; was without fever. Sixth day. Rational; general relief, but pain remained about the left collar-bone; thirst; urine thin; no sleep. Seventh day. Trembling; some coma; slight delirium; pains in the region of the collar-bone and left upper arm remained; other symptoms relieved; quite rational. For three days there was an intermission of fever. Eleventh day. Relapse; rigor; attack of fever. But about the fourteenth day the patient vomited bilious, yellow matter fairly frequently; sweated; a crisis took off the fever.

> Greek: 4.13. ιγ′. γυναῖκα, ἣ κατέκειτο ἐν ἀκτῇ, τρίμηνον πρὸς ἑωυτῇ ἔχουσαν πῦρ ἔλαβεν· αὐτίκα δὲ ἤρξατο πονεῖν ὀσφῦν. τρίτῃ πόνος τραχήλου καὶ κεφαλῆς καὶ κατὰ κληῖδα δεξιήν· διὰ ταχέων δὲ γλῶσσα ἠφώνει, δεξιὴ χεὶρ παρελύθη μετὰ σπασμοῦ παραπληγικὸν τρόπον, παρελήρει πάντα. νύκτα δυσφόρως, οὐκ ἐκοιμήθη, κοιλίη ἐπεταράχθη χολώδεσιν ἀκρήτοισιν ὀλίγοισιν. τετάρτῃ γλῶσσα ἀσαφὴς ἦν, ἐλύθη, σπασμοί· πόνοι τῶν αὐτῶν παρέμενον, κατὰ ὑποχόνδριον ἔπαρμα σὺν ὀδύνῃ, οὐκ ἐκοιμᾶτο, παρέκρουσε πάντα, κοιλίη ταραχώδης, οὖρα λεπτά, οὐκ εὔχρω. πέμπτῃ πυρετὸς ὀξύς, ὑποχονδρίου πόνος, παρέκρουε πάντα, διαχωρήματα χολώδεα. ἐς νύκτα ἵδρωσεν, ἄπυρος. ἕκτῃ κατενόει, πάντα ἐκουφίσθη, περὶ δὲ κληῖδα ἀριστερὴν πόνος παρέμενε· διψώδης, οὖρα λεπτά, οὐκ ἐκοιμήθη. ἑβδόμῃ τρόμος, ὑπεκαρώθη, σμικρὰ παρέκρουσεν, ἀλγήματα κατὰ κληῖδα καὶ βραχίονα ἀριστερὸν παρέμενε, τὰ δʼ ἄλλα διεκούφισεν, πάντα κατενόει. τρεῖς διέλιπεν ἄπυρος. ἑνδεκάτῃ ὑπέστρεψεν, ἐπερ ρίγωσεν, πῦρ ἔλαβεν. περὶ δὲ τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτην ἤμεσε χολώδεα ξανθὰ ὑπόσυχνα, ἵδρωσεν· ἄπυρος ἐκρίθη.

[¶19] 4.14. Melidia, who lay sick by the temple of Hera, began to suffer violent pain in the head, neck and chest. Immediately she was attacked by acute fever, and there followed a slight menstrual flow. There were continuous pains in all these parts. Sixth day. Coma; nausea; shivering; flushed cheeks; slight delirium. Seventh day. Sweat; intermittence of fever; the pains persisted; relapse; snatches of sleep; urine throughout of good colour but thin; stools thin, bilious, irritating, scanty, black and of bad odour; sediment in the urine white and smooth; sweating. Eleventh day. Perfect crisis.

> Greek: 4.14. ιδ′. Μελιδίῃ, ἣ κατέκειτο παρὰ Ἥρης ἱρόν, ἤρξατο κεφαλῆς καὶ τραχήλου καὶ στήθεος πόνος ἰσχυρός· αὐτίκα δὲ πυρετὸς ὀξὺσἔλαβεν· γυναικεῖα δὲ σμικρὰ ἐπεφαίνετο· πόνοι τούτων πάντων συνεχέες. ἕκτῃ κωματώδης, ἀσώδης, φρικώδης, ἐρύθημα ἐπὶ γνάθων, σμικρὰ παρέκρουσεν. ἑβδόμῃ ἵδρωσε, πυρετὸς διέλιπεν, οἱ πόνοι παρέμενον, ὑπέστρεψεν, ὕπνοι σμικροί· οὖρα διὰ τέλεος εὔχρω μέν, λεπτὰ δέ· διαχωρήματα λεπτά, χολώδεα, δακνώδεα, ὀλίγα, μέλανα, δυσώδεα διῆλθεν, οὔροις ὑπόστασις λευκή, λείη· ἵδρωσεν. ἐκρίθη τελέως ἑνδεκάτῃ.