---
title: "Against Demosthenes · Κατὰ Δημοσθένους ὑπὲρ τῶν Ἁρπαλείων"
author: "Hyperides"
translator: "J. O. Burtt"
languages: [grc, en]
shelf: "Classical Greek"
url: https://scriptura.si/works/hyperides-against-demosthenes/
cite: "Hyperides, tr. J. O. Burtt, Against Demosthenes · Κατὰ Δημοσθένους ὑπὲρ τῶν Ἁρπαλείων. Scriptura (scriptura.si), https://scriptura.si/works/hyperides-against-demosthenes/"
---

# Against Demosthenes · Κατὰ Δημοσθένους ὑπὲρ τῶν Ἁρπαλείων

*Hyperides, tr. J. O. Burtt*

Hyperides prosecutes his former ally over the money of Harpalus.

> Greek: ed. J. O. Burtt, from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-greekLit, tlg0030.tlg005, CC BY-SA 4.0).

> English: J. O. Burtt, from the Perseus Digital Library (tlg0030.tlg005.perseus-eng2). Notes are not included.

> Rows follow the references the two texts share (chapters and sections), cut where both reach the end of a sentence.

## Contents

1. [Sections 1–9](https://scriptura.si/works/hyperides-against-demosthenes/1.md)

## 1. Sections 1–9

Source: https://scriptura.si/works/hyperides-against-demosthenes/1/ · cite a paragraph as https://scriptura.si/works/hyperides-against-demosthenes/1/#p-N

[¶0] frag_1. Personally, gentlemen of the jury, as I was just saying to those seated beside me, what surprises me is this. Is it really true that Demosthenes, unlike any other man in Athens, is exempt from the laws which enforce an agreement made by a person against his own interests? Is he unaffected by the people’s decrees, which you have sworn to observe in voting, decrees which were proposed, not by any of his enemies, but by Demosthenes himself, and which the people carried on his motion, almost as though he deliberately sought to destroy himself … and yet the just verdict, gentlemen of the jury, is, as I see it, simple: it is in our favor against Demosthenes. In private suits differences are often settled by challenge, and that is how this affair also has been settled. Look at it in this way, gentlemen. The people accused you, Demosthenes, of having accepted twenty talents illegally, against the interests of the state. You denied having done so and drew up a challenge, which you laid before the people in the form of a decree entrusting the matter on which you were accused to the council of the Areopagus. … … and you malign the Areopagus and publish challenges, in which you ask how you came by the gold, who gave it you, and where.

> Greek: frag_1. ἀλλʼ ἐγώ, ὦ ⟨ἄνδρες⟩ δικασταί, ⟨ὅπερ καὶ⟩ πρὸς τοὺ⟨ς παρακαθη⟩μένους ⟨ἀρτίως ἔλ⟩εγον, θαυ⟨μάζω⟩ τουτὶ τὸ πρᾶ⟨γμα, εἰ δ⟩ὴ νὴ Δία κατὰ ⟨Δημ⟩οσθένους μό⟨νου τ⟩ῶν ἐν τῇ πόλει ⟨μήτε⟩ οἱ νόμοι ἰσχύου⟨σιν, οἱ⟩ κελεύοντες κύ⟨ρια εἶν⟩αι ὅσα ἄν τις ⟨αὐτ⟩ὸς καθʼ αὑτοῦ διάθηται, μήτε τὰ ψηφίσματα τοῦ δήμου, καθʼ ἃ ὑμεῖς μὲν ὀμωμόκατε τὴν ψῆφον οἴσειν, ἔγραψεν δὲ αὐτὰ οὐδεὶς τῶν ἐχθρῶν τῶν Δημοσθένους, ἀλλʼ αὐτὸς οὗτος, ἐψηφίσατο δὲ ὁ δῆμος ⟨το⟩ύτου κελεύο⟨ντο⟩ς ⟨καὶ μόνον⟩ οὐχ ἑκου⟨σίως αὑτὸν ἀπο⟩λλύ⟨οντος⟩ ⟨καίτοι τὸ⟩ δίκαιον, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, ἁπλοῦν ὑπολαμβάνω ἡμῖν εἶναι πρὸς Δημοσθένη. ὥσπερ γὰρ ἐπὶ τῶν ἰδίων ἐγκλημάτων πολλὰ διὰ προκλήσεων κρίνεται, οὕτως καὶ τουτὶ τὸ πρᾶγμα κέκριται. σκέψασθε γάρ, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, οὑτωσί. ᾐτιάσατό σε, ὦ Δημόσθενες, ὁ δῆμος εἰληφ⟨έναι⟩ εἴκοσι τάλαντ⟨α ἐπὶ⟩ τῇ πολιτείᾳ κ⟨αὶ τοῖς⟩ νόμοις. ταῦτα ς⟨ὺ ἔ⟩ξαρνος ἐγένου μὴ λαβεῖν, καὶ πρόκλησιν γράψας ἐν ψηφίσματι προσήνεγκας τῷ δήμῳ, ἐπιτρέπων ὑπὲρ ὧν τὴν αἰτίαν ἔσχες τῇ βουλῇ τῇ ἐξ Ἀρείου πά⟨γου⟩ … ⟨καὶ συκοφαντεῖς τὴν βουλήν, προκλήσεις ἐκτιθεὶς καὶ ἐρωτῶν ἐν ταῖς προκλήσεσιν, πόθεν ἔλα⟩βε⟨ς τὸ χρυσίον, καὶ τίς⟩ ἦν σο⟨ι ὁ⟩ δούς, καὶ ποῦ.

[¶1] frag_2. Perhaps you will end by asking what you used it for after you obtained it, as though you were demanding a banker’s statement from the Areopagus. I, on the other hand, should like to know from you why the council of the Areopagus said … … the reports.

> Greek: frag_2. τελευτῶν δʼ ἴσως ἐρωτήσεις καὶ ὅτι ἐχρήσω λαβὼν τῷ χρυσίῳ, ὥσπερ τραπεζιτικὸν λόγον παρὰ τῆς βουλῆς ἀπαιτῶν. ἐγὼ δ⟨ὲ τ⟩οὐναντίον ⟨ἡδέως ἂ⟩ν παρὰ σοῦ ⟨πυθοίμ⟩ην, τίνος ⟨ἂν ἕν⟩εκα ἡ ἐξ Ἀρείου ⟨πάγου βου⟩λὴ ἔφη … ις ἀδίκ⟨ως⟩ … τατοχρυ … φησι του … ωτατις. … ε δικαστ … ἂν ἐνοι … εσθαι ἐμ … ⟨δι⟩καίως τω … ι … … τὰς ἀποφάσεις.

[¶2] frag_3. On the contrary they have shown, as you will recognize, an exceptionally democratic spirit in handling the affair. They reported the guilty persons; even this was not done from choice but in answer to repeated pressure from the people; and they did not undertake to punish them on their own responsibility but rightly left it to you, with whom the final authority rests. It is not only his own trial which Demosthenes has in mind when he determines to mislead you by abusing the report; he wishes also to frustrate all the other prosecutions which the city has in hand. That is a point to be carefully borne in mind and you must not be deceived by the defendant’s argument. For these reports concerning the money of Harpalus have all been drawn up by the Areopagus on an equal footing. They are the same for all the accused. In no case has the council added the reason why it publishes a particular name. It stated summarily how much money each man had received, adding that he was liable for that amount. Is Demosthenes to have more weight with you than the report given against him? … For of course this argument, if it protects Demosthenes, will also protect the rest. The sum on which you are pronouncing judgement is not twenty, but four hundred, talents. You are judging all the crimes, not one. For your mad conduct, Demosthenes, has made you champion of all these criminals, foremost in danger as you are in impudence. In my opinion the fact that you took the gold is proved to the jury well enough by your being condemned by the council to which you entrusted yourself … When Harpalus arrived in Attica, gentlemen of the jury, and the envoys from Philoxenus demanding him were, at the same time, brought into the Assembly, Demosthenes came forward and made a long speech in which he argued that it was not right for Athens to surrender Harpalus to the envoys from Philoxenus, and that Alexander must not be left with any cause for complaint, on his account, against the people; the safest course for the city was to guard the money and the person of Harpalus, and to take up all the money, with which Harpalus had entered Attica, to the Acropolis on the following day, while Harpalus himself should announce then and there how much money there was. His real purpose, it seems, was not simply to learn the figure, but to find out from how large a sum he was to collect his commission. Sitting below in his usual place in the niche, he told Mnesitheus the dancer to ask Harpalus how much money there would be to take up to the Acropolis. The answer given was seven hundred talents … He had told you himself in the Assembly that that was the correct figure; and yet when the total brought up to the Acropolis was three hundred and fifty talents instead of seven hundred, having by then received his twenty, he did not utter a word … After saying before the Assembly that there were seven hundred talents you now bring up half … Harpalus would not have bought … nor would the city be exposed to accusation and reproach. But of all these things, Demosthenes … It was you who decreed that a guard should be posted over the person of Harpalus. Yet when it relaxed its vigilance you did not try to restore it, and after it was disbanded you did not prosecute those responsible. I suppose you went unpaid for your shrewd handling of the crisis? If Harpalus distributed his gold among the lesser orators, who had nothing to give but noise and shouting, what of you who control our whole policy? Did he pass you over? That is incredible. So supreme is the contempt, gentlemen of the jury, with which Demosthenes has treated the affair, or to be quite frank, you and the laws, that at the outset, it seems, he admitted having taken the money but said that he had used it on your behalf and had borrowed it free of interest for the Theoric fund. Cnosion and his other friends went about saying that Demosthenes would be compelled by his accusers to publish facts which he wished kept secret and to admit that he had borrowed the money free of interest for the state to meet expenses of government. Since the anger of those of you who heard this statement was greatly increased by these aspersions cast on your democracy, on the grounds that he was not content to have taken bribes himself but thought fit to infect the people too … speaking and complaining that the Areopagus was seeking favor with Alexander and for that reason wanted to destroy him. As if you did not all know that no one destroys the kind of man who can be bought. On the contrary, it is the opponent who can be neither persuaded nor corrupted with bribes that men contrive to be rid of by any means in their power. There is some likelihood, it seems, that you, Demosthenes, are deaf to prayers and not to be persuaded into taking bribes? Do not imagine, gentlemen, that only trivial matters are affected by the venal conduct of these men. For it is no secret that all who conspire for power in Greece secure the smaller cities by force of arms and the larger ones by buying the influential citizens in them; and we know that Philip reached the height he did because, at the outset, he sent money to the Peloponnese, Thessaly, and the rest of Greece, and those with power in the cities and authority … … you tell us marvellous stories, little thinking that your conduct is no secret; you professed to be supporting the people’s interests but were clearly speaking on behalf of Alexander.

> Greek: frag_3. οὐκ ἔστι ταῦτα, ἀλλὰ πάντων φανήσον⟨τα⟩ι μάλιστα δημο⟨τικώ⟩τατα τῷ πράγμα⟨τι κ⟩εχρημένοι· τοὺς ⟨μὲ⟩ν γὰρ ἀδικοῦντας ⟨ἀπ⟩έφηναν, καὶ ταῦ⟨τʼ οὐ⟩χ ἑκόντες, ἀλλʼ ὑπὸ ⟨τοῦ δ⟩ήμου πολλάκις ⟨ἀναγ⟩καζόμενοι· τὸ ⟨δὲ κο⟩λάσαι τοὺς ἀδι⟨κοῦντα⟩ς οὐκ ἐφʼ αὑτοῖς ⟨ἐποί⟩ησαν, ἀλλʼ ὑμῖν ⟨ἀπέδ⟩οσαν τοῖς κυρίοις. δ⟨ημοσθένης⟩ δʼ οὐ μόνον ἐπὶ τοῦ αὑτοῦ ἀγῶνος οἴεται δεῖν ὑμᾶς παρακρούσασθαι διαβαλὼν τὴν ἀπόφασιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους ἀγῶνας ἅπαντας ἀφελέσθαι ζητεῖ τοὺς τῆς πόλεως· ὑπὲρ οὗ δεῖ ὑμᾶς νυνὶ βουλεύσασθαι προσέχοντας τὸν νοῦν, καὶ μὴ τῷ λόγῳ ὑπὸ τούτου ἐξαπατηθῆναι. τὰς γὰρ ἀποφάσεις ταύτας τὰς ὑπὲρ τῶν χρημάτων Ἁρπάλου πάσας ὁμοίως ἡ βουλὴ πεποίηται καὶ τὰς αὐτὰς κατὰ πάντων, καὶ οὐδεμιᾷ προσγέγραφεν διὰ τί ἕκαστον ἀπο⟨φαί⟩νει, ἀλλὰ ἐπὶ κεφαλαίου γράψασα ὁπόσον ἕκαστος εἴληφεν χρυσίον, τοῦτʼ οὖν ⟨ὀφε⟩ιλέτω. ⟨ἢ⟩ ἰσχύ⟨σει Δημοσθ⟩ένης παρʼ ὑμ⟨ῖν τῆς κατʼ αὐτοῦ⟩ ἀπο⟨φάσεως μεῖζον⟩; οὐκ ἐσ … ἀπογι … ἀπόφα … ἔλαβεν … σι καὶ οἱ ἄ⟨λλοι πάντες·⟩ οὐ γὰρ δή⟨που Δημο⟩σθένει ⟨μόνῳ τοῦ⟩το ἰσχυρὸ⟨ν ἔσται, τοῖς⟩ δʼ ἄλλοις ο⟨ὔ. καὶ γὰρ⟩ οὐχ ὑπὲρ ⟨εἴκοσι τα⟩λάντων δ⟨ικάζετε⟩, ἀλλὰ ὑπὲρ τ⟨ετρακο⟩σίων, οὐδʼ ὑ⟨πὲρ ἑνὸς⟩ ἀδικήμ⟨ατ⟩ο⟨ς, ἀλλʼ ὑ⟩πὲρ ἁπάντ⟨ων. ἡ γὰρ⟩ σὴ ἀπόνο⟨ια, ὦ Δημό⟩σθενες, ὑπ⟨ὲρ ἁπάντων⟩ τῶν ἀδικούντων νῦν προκινδυνεύει καὶ προαναισχ⟨υν⟩τεῖ. ἐγὼ δʼ ὅτι μὲν ἔλαβες τὸ χρυσίον ἱκανὸν οἶμαι εἶν⟨αι⟩ σημεῖον τοῖς δικασταῖς τὸ τὴν βουλήν σου καταγνῶναι, ⟨ᾗ σαυτὸν ἐ⟩πέτρεψας· ⟨τίνων δὲ ἕ⟩νεκα ἔλαβες, ⟨καὶ ἐπὶ τί⟩σιν αἰτίαις ⟨πᾶσαν τὴ⟩ν πόλιν κα … ενος … χρυσί … τος τοὺς … ⟨ὥς⟩περ εἰ … ⟨φανερ⟩ὸν ποι⟨ήσω. ἐπ⟩ειδὴ γὰρ ἦλ⟨θεν, ὦ ἄν⟩δρες δικα⟨σταί, Ἅρπα⟩λος εἰς τὴν ⟨Ἀττική⟩ν, καὶ οἱ πα⟨ρὰ Φιλοξέ⟩νου ἐξαι⟨τοῦντες αὐ⟩τὸν ἅμα ⟨προσήχθης⟩αν πρὸς ⟨τὸν δῆμον, τότε παρελθὼν Δημ⟩οσθένης ⟨διεξῆλθεν⟩ μακρὸν ⟨λόγον, φά⟩σκων οὔτε ⟨τοῖς παρ⟩ὰ Φιλοξέ⟨νου ἐλθο⟩ῦσι καλῶς ⟨ἔχειν τὸν⟩ Ἅρπαλον ⟨ἐκδοῦναι τ⟩ὴν πόλιν, ⟨οὔτε δεῖν⟩ αἰτίαν οὐ⟨δεμίαν τ⟩ῷ δήμῳ ⟨διʼ ἐκεῖνο⟩ν παρʼ Ἀ⟨λεξάνδρο⟩υ καταλείπεσθαι, ἀσφαλέστατον δʼ εἶναι τ⟨ῇ πόλει⟩ τά τε χρήματα ⟨καὶ τὸν⟩ ἄνδρα φυλάτ⟨τειν⟩, καὶ ἀναφέρει⟨ν τὰ χρή⟩ματα ἅπα⟨ντα⟩ εἰς ⟨τὴν⟩ ἀκρόπολιν, ἃ ἦλθ⟨εν⟩ ἔχων Ἅρπαλος εἰ⟨ς τὴν⟩ Ἀττικήν, ἐν τῇ αὔρι⟨ον⟩ ἡμέρᾳ· Ἅρπαλο⟨ν δʼ ἤ⟩δη ἀποδεῖξαι τὰ ⟨χρή⟩ματα, ὁπόσα ἐστ⟨ίν⟩· οὐχ ὅπως πύθο⟨ιτο⟩ τὸν ἀριθμὸν αὐτῶν, ὡς ἔοικεν, ὁπόσα ἦν, ἀλλʼ ἵνα εἰδῇ ἀφʼ ὅσων αὐτὸν δεῖ τὸν μισθὸν πράττεσθαι. καὶ καθήμενος κάτω ὑπὸ τῇ κατατομῇ, οὗπερ ⟨εἴω⟩θε κα⟨θῆς⟩θ⟨αι⟩, ἐκέλευ⟨ε Μνης⟩ίθεον τὸν χορευτὴν ἐρωτῆσαι τὸν Ἅρπαλον, ὁπόσα εἴη τὰ χρήματα τὰ ἀνοισθησόμενα εἰς τὴν ἀκρόπολιν. ὁ δʼ ἀπεκρίνατο ὅτι ἑπτα⟨κόσια τάλαντα⟩ ⟨τὰ χρήματα εἶναι τη⟩λικ⟨αῦτα⟩ αὐτὸς ἐν τῷ δ⟨ήμῳ⟩ πρὸς ὑμᾶς ε⟨ἰπών⟩, ἀναφερομέν⟨ων τρια⟩κοσίων ταλά⟨ντων⟩ καὶ πεντ⟨ήκοντα ἀν⟩θʼ ἑπτακοσίων, λ⟨αβὼν⟩ τὰ εἴκοσι τάλα⟨ντα οὐ⟩δένα λόγον ἐπ⟨οιήσα⟩το ἐν τῷ δήμῳ ἑ⟨πτα⟩κόσια φήσας εἶν⟨αι⟩ τάλαντα, νῦν τὰ ἡ⟨μί⟩ση ἀναφέρεις, κα⟨ὶ⟩ … ω ὅτι τοῦ … ⟨ἀν⟩ενεχθῆναι … εἰς ἀκρόπολιν … ⟨τα⟩ῦτα τὰ πρά⟨γματα⟩ … ονλι … ἔκρινον τ⟨ὸν⟩ … ⟨οὔτʼ⟩ ἂν ἐπρί⟨ατο Ἅρπαλ⟩ος τὰς φε … ⟨ο⟩ὔτʼ ἂν ἡ πόλις ⟨ἐν αἰτίαις⟩ καὶ διαβο⟨λαῖς ἦν.⟩ ἀλλὰ πάν⟨τω⟩ν τούτων, ὦ Δημό⟨σθενες⟩ … ἐστίν … μως ἐγ … στους … ⟨α⟩ἰσχυν … νει … ⟨χρ⟩υσίον … γὰρ ὅτι … νοιω … του … πεν … ⟨ς⟩τατῆρας ἔλαβε· σὺ δʼ ὁ τῷ ψηφίσματι τοῦ σώματος αὐτοῦ τὴν φυλακὴν καταστήσας καὶ οὔτʼ ἐκλειπομένην ἐπανορθῶν οὔτε καταλυθείσης τοὺς αἰτίους κρίνας, προῖκα δηλονότι τὸν καιρὸν τοῦτον τεταμίευσαι; καὶ τοῖς μὲν ἐλάττοσι ῥήτορσιν ἀπέτινεν ὁ Ἅρπαλος χρυσίον, τοῖς θορύβου μόνον καὶ κραυγῆς κυρίοις, σὲ δὲ τὸν τῶν ὅλων πραγμάτων ἐπιστάτην παρεῖδεν; καὶ τῷ τοῦτο πιστόν; τοσοῦτον δʼ, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, τοῦ πράγματος καταπεφρόνηκεν Δημοσθένης, μᾶλλον δέ, εἰ δεῖ μετὰ παρρησίας εἰπεῖν, ὑμῶν καὶ τῶν νόμων, ὥστε τὸ μὲν πρῶτον, ὡς ⟨ἔοι⟩κεν, ὁμο⟨λογεῖν μὲν εἰληφέ⟩ναι τὰ χρήματ⟨α, ἀλλὰ⟩ κατακεχρῆσθαι αὐτὰ ὑμῖν προδεδανεισμένος δεδανεισμένος εἰς τὸ θεωρικόν· καὶ περιὼν Κνωσίων καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι φίλοι αὐτοῦ ἔλεγον ὅτι ἀναγκάσουσι τὸν ἄνθρωπον οἱ αἰτιώμενοι εἰς τὸ φανερὸν ἐνεγκεῖν ἃ οὐ βούλεται, καὶ εἰπεῖν ὅτι τῷ δήμῳ προδεδάνειστ⟨αι⟩ τὰ χρήματα εἰς τὴν διοίκησιν. ἐπειδὴ δʼ ὑμῶν οἱ ἀκούσαντες πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἠγανάκτουν ἐπὶ τοῖς κατὰ τοῦ πλήθους τοῦ ὑμετέρου λόγοις, εἰ μὴ μόνον ἱκανὸν εἴη αὐτῷ ἰδίᾳ δεδωροδοκηκέναι, ⟨ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν δῆμο⟩ν ⟨οἴοιτο δεῖν ἀνα⟩πιμ⟨πλάναι ⟩ λέγων καὶ αἰτιώ⟨με⟩νος, ὅτι Ἀλεξάνδρῳ χαριζομένη ἡ βουλὴ ἀνελεῖν αὐτὸν βούλεται· ὥσπερ οὐ πάντας ὑμᾶς εἰδότας, ὅτι οὐδεὶς τὸν τοιοῦτον ἀναιρεῖ, ὃν ἔστιν πρίασθαι, ἀλλʼ ὅντινα μήτε πεῖσαι ἔστιν μήτε χρήμασιν διαφθεῖραι, τοῦτον δ⟨ὴ ς⟩κοποῦσιν ὅπω⟨ς ἐ⟩κ παντὸς τρόπ⟨ου ἐκ⟩ποδὼν ποιήσουσιν. κίνδυνος δʼ ὡς ἔ⟨οι⟩κεν ἐστίν, μὴ σύ, ὦ Δημόσθενες, ἀπαραίτητος καὶ ἄπειστος εἶ πρὸς δωροδ⟨οκίαν⟩; μὴ νομίζ⟨ετε δὲ διὰ⟩ τῆς τούτω⟨ν δωρο⟩δοκίας τὰ τυ⟨χόντα τῶν⟩ πραγμάτω⟨ν ἁλίς⟩κεσθαι. ο⟨ὐ γὰρ ἄδηλόν⟩ ἐστιν ὅτι ⟨πάντες⟩ οἱ ἐπιβουλεύοντες τοῖς Ἑλληνικοῖς πράγμασιν τὰς μὲν μικρὰς πόλεις τοῖς ὅπλοις συσκευάζονται, τὰς δὲ μεγάλας τοὺς δυναμένους ἐν αὐταῖς ὠνούμε⟨νοι, ο⟩ὐδʼ ὅτι Φίλιππος ⟨τηλικ⟩οῦτος ἐγένετο ⟨ἐξ ἀρχ⟩ῆς χρήματα δια⟨πέμψα⟩ς εἰς Πελο⟨πόννη⟩σον καὶ Θετ⟨ταλίαν⟩ καὶ τὴν ἄλλην ⟨Ἐλλάδα⟩, καὶ τοὺς ἐν ⟨δυνάμει⟩ ὄντας ἐν ⟨ταῖς πόλε⟩σιν καὶ προ⟨εστῶτας⟩ … … ⟨τερα⟩τεύῃ, καὶ οὐχ ἅπασιν οἴει φανερὸν εἶναι ὅτι φάσκων ὑπὲρ τοῦ ⟨δήμου⟩ λέγειν ὑπὲρ ⟨Ἀλεξά⟩νδρου φανερῶς ⟨ἐδημηγ⟩όρεις;

[¶3] frag_4. Personally I believe that even in the past everyone knew that you acted in this way over the Thebans, and over all the rest, and that you appropriated money, which was sent from Asia to buy help, for your own personal use, spending most of it; and now you engage in sea commerce and make bottomry loans, and having bought a house … you do not live in the Piraeus but have your anchorage outside the city. A popular leader worthy of the name should be the savior of his country, not a deserter. When Harpalus recently descended on Greece so suddenly that he took everyone by surprise, he found affairs in the Peloponnese and in the rest of Greece in this condition owing to the arrival of Nicanor with the orders which he brought from Alexander relating to the exiles and to the … of the Achaean, Arcadian, and Boeotian Leagues … You have contrived this situation by means of your decree, because you arrested Harpalus. You have induced the whole of Greece to send envoys to Alexander, since they have no other recourse, and have prevented all the satraps, who by themselves would willingly have joined forces with us, each with money and all the troops at his disposal, not merely from revolting from him, by your detention of Harpalus, but also … each of them … … sent by Demosthenes, and with Olympias Callias the Chalcidian, the brother of Taurosthenes.

> Greek: frag_4. ἐγὼ γὰρ ⟨οἶμαι καὶ⟩ ἔμπροσθεν ⟨γνῶναι⟩ ἅπαντας ὅτι ⟨τοῦτʼ ἐ⟩ποίησας καὶ περὶ Θη⟨βαί⟩ων καὶ περὶ τῶν ⟨ἄλ⟩λων ἁπάντων, καὶ ὅτι χρήματα εἰς ⟨ταῦτα⟩ δοθέντα ἐκ τῆς ⟨Ἀσίας αὐ⟩τὸς σαυτῷ ⟨ἰδίᾳ περιπ⟩οιησάμε⟨νος κατανήλω⟩σας τὰ ⟨πολλά, καὶ νῦν δὲ ναυ⟩τικοῖς ἐργάζῃ χ⟨ρήμα⟩σιν καὶ ἐκδόσεις δί⟨δως⟩, καὶ πριάμενος ο⟨ἰκί⟩αν … μο … υπα … ν τω … ρωι, οὐκ οἰκεῖς ἐ⟨ν Π⟩ειραιεῖ, ἀλλʼ ἐξορμεῖς ἐκ τῆς πόλεως. δεῖ δὲ τὸν δίκαιον δημαγωγὸν ⟨σω⟩τῆρα τῆς ⟨ἑαυτοῦ πατρίδος εἶναι, μὴ δραπέτην. ἐπειδὴ δὲ νῦν Ἅρπαλος οὕτως ἐξαίφνης⟩ πρὸς τὴν Ἑλλάδα προσέπεσεν ὥστε μηδένα προαισθέσθαι, τὰ δʼ ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ καὶ τῇ ἄλλῃ Ἑλλάδι οὕτως ἔχοντα κατέλαβεν ὑπὸ τῆς ἀφίξεως τῆς Νικάνορος καὶ τῶν ἐπιταγμάτων ὧν ἧκεν φέρων παρʼ Ἀλεξάνδρου περί τε τῶν φυγάδων καὶ περὶ τοῦ τοὺς κοινοὺς συλλόγους Ἀχαιῶν τε καὶ Ἀρκάδων ⟨καὶ Β⟩οιωτῶν ταῦτα σὺ πα⟨ρεσκεύ⟩ακας τῷ ψηφ⟨ίσματι⟩, συλλαβὼν τὸ⟨ν Ἅρπα⟩λον, καὶ τοὺς μὲ⟨ν Ἕλ⟩ληνας ἅπαντας ⟨πρες⟩βεύεσθαι πεπ⟨οίη⟩κας ὡς Ἀλέξανδ⟨ρον⟩, οὐκ ἔχοντας ἄλλ⟨ην⟩ οὐδεμίαν ἀπος⟨τρο⟩φήν, τοὺς δὲ ς⟨ατράπας⟩, οἳ αὐτοὶ ἂν ἧκο⟨ν ἑκόν⟩τες πρὸς ταύτη⟨ν τὴν⟩ δύναμιν, ἔχοντες τὰ χρήματα καὶ τοὺς στρατιώτας ὅσους ἕκαστος αὐτῶν εἶχεν, τούτους σύμπαντας οὐ μόνον κεκώλυκας ἀποστῆναι ἐκείνου τῇ συλλήψει τῇ Ἁρπάλου, ἀλλὰ καὶ … ⟨ἕ⟩καστον ⟨αὐτῶν⟩.

[¶4] frag_5. For these men were made Athenian citizens on the motion of Demosthenes and they are his special agents. Naturally enough; for being perpetually unstable himself, I suppose he might well have friends from the Euripus. Will you dare then presently to speak to me of friendship … you yourself broke up that friendship when you accepted bribes against your country and made a change of front. You made yourself a laughing stock and brought disgrace on those who had ever shared your policy in former years. When we might have gained the highest distinction in public life and been accompanied for the remainder of our lives by the best of reputations, you frustrated all these hopes, and you are not ashamed, even at your age, to be tried by youths for bribery. And yet the positions ought to be reversed: your generation ought to be training the younger orators, reproving and punishing any over-impetuous action. But the fact is just the opposite: the youths are taking to task the men of over sixty. Therefore, gentlemen of the jury, you have a right to feel resentful towards Demosthenes; for after gaining a tolerable reputation and great riches, all through you, even on the threshold of old age he has no loyalty to his country. But you used to be ashamed … the Greeks who were standing round, when you passed sentence on certain persons, to think that such popular leaders and generals and guardians of your affairs … … For to take money is not so serious as to take it from the wrong source, and the private individuals who took the gold are not so culpable as the orators and generals.

> Greek: frag_5. … … ⟨ὑπὸ δη⟩μοσθένο⟨υς ἀπο⟩σταλείς, παρὰ ⟨δʼ Ὀλυμ⟩πιάδι Καλλίας ὁ ⟨Χαλ⟩κιδεύς, ὁ Ταυροσθένους ἀδελφός· τούτους γὰρ ἔγραψε Δημοσθένης Ἀθηναίους εἶναι καὶ χρῆται τούτοις πάντων μάλιστα. καὶ οὐδὲν θαυμαστόν· οὐδέποτε γὰρ οἶμαι ἐπὶ τῶν αὐτῶν μένων εἰκότως φί⟨λους⟩ τοὺς ἀπʼ Εὐρίπου κέκτηται. εἶτα σὺ περὶ ⟨φιλ⟩ίας πρὸς ἐμὲ τολ⟨μήσεις αὐτίκα μά⟩λα ⟨λέγειν⟩ ⟨ταύτην τὴν φιλίαν διέ⟩λυσας αὐ⟨τό⟩ς, ὅ⟨τε χρ⟩υσίον κατὰ τῆς ⟨πατρ⟩ίδος ἔλαβες καὶ ⟨μετ⟩εβάλο⟨υ⟩. καὶ κατα⟨γέλα⟩στον μὲν σαυ⟨τὸν⟩ ἐποίησας, κατῄ⟨σχυν⟩ας δὲ τοὺς ἐκ τῶν ⟨ἔμπρ⟩οσθεν χρόνων ⟨τῶν α⟩ὐτῶν τί σοι προ⟨ελομέ⟩νους· καὶ ἐξὸν ⟨ἡμῖν⟩ λαμπροτάτοις ⟨εἶναι⟩ παρὰ τῷ δήμῳ ⟨καὶ τὸ⟩ν ὑπόλοιπον ⟨βίον ὑ⟩πὸ δόξης χρη⟨στῆς πα⟩ραπεμφθῆ⟨ναι, ἅπα⟩ντα ταῦτα ἀνέτρ⟨εψας, κα⟩ὶ οὐκ αἰσχύνει νυνὶ τηλικοῦτ⟨ος⟩ ὢν ὑπὸ μειρακίων κρινόμενος περὶ δωροδοκίας. καίτοι ἔδει τοὐναντίον ὑφʼ ὑμῶν παιδεύεσθαι τοὺς νεωτέρους τῶν ῥητόρων, καὶ ⟨εἴ⟩ τι προπετέστερον ἔπραττον ἐπιτιμᾶσθαι καὶ κολάζεσθαι. νῦν δὲ τοὐναντίον οἱ νέοι τοὺς ὑπὲρ ἑξήκοντα ἔτη σωφρονίζουσιν. διόπερ, ὦ ἄνδρες δ⟨ικα⟩σταί, δικαίως ἂν ὀργίζοι⟨σθ⟩ε Δημοσθένει, εἰ καὶ δόξης ἱκανῆς ⟨καὶ⟩ πλούτου πολλοῦ δ⟨ιʼ ὑ⟩μᾶς μετεσχηκὼς μηδʼ ἐπὶ γήρως ⟨ὀ⟩δῷ κήδεται τῆς πατρίδος. ἀλλʼ ὑμεῖς μὲν ᾐσχύνεσθε ἐπὶ … ης … υ τοὺς περιεστηκότας ⟨τῶ⟩ν Ἑλλήνων, ὅτε ⟨τινῶ⟩ν κατεχειρο⟨τον⟩εῖτε, εἰ τοιούτο⟨υς καὶ⟩ δημαγωγοὺς κα⟨ὶ στρ⟩ατηγοὺς καὶ φύλα⟨κα⟩ς τῶν πραγμ⟨άτων⟩ … οὐ γάρ ἐστιν ὁμοίως ⟨δεινό⟩ν, εἴ τις ἔλα⟨βεν⟩, ἀλλʼ εἰ ὅθεν μὴ ⟨δεῖ, ο⟩ὐδέ γʼ ὁμοίως ⟨ἀδι⟩κοῦσιν οἱ ἰδιῶται ⟨οἱ λαβ⟩όντες τὸ χρυσίον ⟨καὶ⟩ οἱ ῥήτορες καὶ οἱ ⟨στρατ⟩ηγοί.

[¶5] frag_6. Why is that? Because the private individuals were given the money by Harpalus for safe-keeping, but the generals and orators have accepted it with some policy in view. The laws prescribe that ordinary offenders shall pay a simple fine but that men accepting bribes shall pay ten times the usual sum. Therefore, just as we can lawfully fix the penalty for these men, so also … from you against them …. It is as I said in the Assembly. You give full permission, gentlemen of the jury, to the orators and generals to reap substantial rewards. It is not the laws which grant them this privilege but your tolerance and generosity. But on one point you insist: your interests must be furthered, not opposed, with the money they receive. Now Demosthenes and Demades, from actual decrees passed in the city and from proxenies, have each received, I believe, more than sixty talents, quite apart from the Persian funds and money sent from Alexander. If neither of these sources suffices for them, and they have now accepted bribes which threaten the city’s life itself, can we doubt our right to punish them? Suppose that one of you, mere private individuals, during the tenure of some office, makes a mistake through ignorance or inexperience; he will be overwhelmed in court by the eloquence of these men and will either lose his life or be banished from his country. Shall they themselves, after harming the city on such a scale, escape unscathed? Conon of Paeania took theoric money for his son who was abroad. He was prosecuted for it by these men in court, and though he asked your pardon, had to pay a talent, all for taking five drachmas. Aristomachus also, because, on becoming principal of the Academy, he transferred a spade from the wrestling school to his own garden near by and used it and … … However during the period which followed the people did not forbid us to approach them or to discuss with them; instead they used us as counsellors and advisers … and elected him next … as treasurer with full control of their finances, considering, quite rightly, that we owed him a debt of gratitude.

> Greek: frag_6. διὰ τί; ὅτι τοῖς ⟨μὲν⟩ ἰδιώταις Ἅρπα⟨λος ἔ⟩δωκεν φυλάτ⟨τειν τ⟩ὸ χρυσίον, οἱ δὲ ⟨στρατη⟩γοὶ καὶ οἱ ῥήτο⟨ρες πρ⟩άξεων ἕνεκα ⟨εἰλή⟩φασιν. οἱ δὲ νό⟨μοι τ⟩οῖς μὲν ἀδικοῦ⟨σιν ἁπλ⟩ᾶ, τοῖς δὲ δω⟨ροδοκοῦσι⟩ν δεκαπλᾶ ⟨τὰ ὀφλ⟩ήματα προστάτ⟨τουσιν⟩ ἀποδιδόναι· ⟨ὥσπερ οὖ⟩ν τὸ τίμη⟨μα τιμῆ⟩σαι ἔστιν ἐκ ⟨τῶν νό⟩μων τούτοις … ς, οὕτω καὶ … αι παρʼ ὑμῶν … σι κατʼ αὐτῶν … αι. ὅπερ γὰρ ⟨καὶ ἐν τ⟩ῷ δήμῳ εἶ⟨πον, π⟩ολλὰ ὑμεῖς, ὦ ⟨ἄνδρ⟩ες δικασταί, δί⟨δοτε ἑ⟩κόντες τοῖς στρατηγοῖς καὶ τοῖς ῥήτορσιν ὠφελεῖσθαι, οὐ τῶν νόμων αὐτοῖς δεδωκότων τοῦτο ποιεῖν, ἀλλὰ τῆς ὑμετέρας πραότητος καὶ φιλανθρωπίας· ἓν μόνον παραφυλάττοντες, ὅπως διʼ ὑμᾶς καὶ μὴ καθʼ ὑμῶν ἔσται τὸ λαμβανόμενον. καὶ Δημοσθένη καὶ Δημάδην ἀπʼ αὐτῶν τῶν ἐν τῇ πόλει ψηφισμάτων καὶ προξενιῶν οἶμαι πλείω ἢ ἑξήκοντα τάλαντα ἑκάτερον εἰληφέναι, ἔξω τῶν βασιλικῶν καὶ τῶν παρʼ Ἀλεξάνδρον. οἷς δὲ μήτε ταῦτα ἱκανά ἐστιν μήτʼ ἐκεῖνα, ἀλλʼ ἤδη ἐπʼ αὐτῷ τῷ σώματι τῆς πόλεως δῶρα εἰλήφασι, πῶς οὐκ ἄξιον τούτους κολ⟨άζ⟩ειν ἐστίν; ἀλλὰ τῶν μὲν ἰδιωτῶν ὑμῶν ἐάν τις ἀρχήν τιν⟨α ἄρχων⟩ διʼ ἄγνοιαν ἢ ⟨διʼ ἀπει⟩ρίαν ἁμάρτῃ τ⟨ι, οὗτος⟩ ὑπὸ τούτων κ⟨αταρρη⟩τορευθεὶς ἐν τῷ ⟨δικα⟩στηρίῳ ἢ ἀπο⟨θανεῖ⟩ται ἢ ἐκ τῆς πατ⟨ρίδος⟩ ἐκπεσεῖται· αὐτ⟨οὶ δὲ⟩ τηλικαῦτα ἀδικ⟨ήσαν⟩τες τὴν πόλιν οὐδεμιᾶς τιμωρία⟨ς τεύ⟩ξονται; καὶ Κόν⟨ων⟩ μὲν ὁ Παιανιεύς, ⟨ὅτι⟩ ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὑοῦ ἔλαβ⟨εν⟩ τὸ θεωρικὸν ἀπ⟨οδη⟩μοῦντος, πέντ⟨ε δρα⟩χμῶν ἕνεκεν ⟨ἱκε⟩τεύων ὑμᾶς τάλαντον ὦφλεν ἐν τῷ δικαστηρίῳ, τούτων κατηγορούντων· καὶ Ἀριστόμαχος ἐπιστάτης γενόμενος τῆς Ἀκαδημείας, ὅτι σκαφεῖον ἐκ τῆς παλαίστρας μετενεγκὼν εἰς τὸν κῆπον τὸν αὑτοῦ πλησίον ὄντα ἐχρῆτο καὶ ἐφη … ⟨οὐ μέντοι⟩ ἡμᾶς ὁ δῆμ⟨ος ἐν τῷ⟩ μετὰ ταῦτα χρ⟨όνῳ⟩ οὐκ εἴα προς⟨ιέναι⟩ αὑτῷ οὐδὲ δια⟨λέγε⟩σθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ συ⟨μβούλοις ἐχ⟩ρῆτο καὶ ς⟨υνηγόροις⟩ ⟨τοῦ δ⟩ὲ ἐπιόν⟨τος ⟩ … ⟨ἐ⟩πὶ τὴν δι⟨οίκησιν τῶ⟩ν αὑτοῦ ἅπασαν ⟨ταμ⟩ίαν ἐχειροτόνης⟨εν, ὑπ⟩ολαμβάνων χάριν αὐτῷ παρʼ ἡμῶν ὀφείλεσθαι, ὅπερ δίκαιον ἦν.

[¶6] frag_7. Later, too, though we were often brought to trial on the strength of that policy and the war itself, these men did not vote against us once but brought us safely through everything; and one could not have a more impressive, or a surer sign of popular favor … the people so behaved that though deprived themselves by fortune of their crown of glory, they did not take from us the wreath which they had granted. When the people have acted thus towards us should we not render them all due service, and if need be die for them? I believe we should, but you, against the people … benefits. For them to serve their own, and not some other’s country … you have continued to display the power of your eloquence. When you thought that the Areopagus would report those who had the gold you became hostile and created a disturbance in the city so as to obstruct the inquiry. But when the Areopagus postponed its statement on the grounds that it had not yet discovered the truth, you conceded in the Assembly that Alexander might be the son of Zeus and Poseidon too if he wished … wished... to set up a statue of Alexander, the king and god invincible … Olympias … announced to the people … … of the charges and made a proclamation about them.

> Greek: frag_7. καὶ πρὸς τούτοις ἀγώνων ἡμῖν ὕστερον πολλῶν γεγενημένων ⟨ἐξ ἐ⟩κείνων τῶν ⟨πραγ⟩μάτων ⟨καὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ π⟩ολέμου, οὐδε⟨πώποτε ἡ⟩μ⟨ῶ⟩ν οὗτοι ⟨κατε⟩ψηφίσαντο, ἀλλʼ ἐκ πάντων ἔσωσαν, ⟨ὅπερ μ⟩έγιστον καὶ ⟨ἀξιοπι⟩στότατον τῆς ⟨τοῦ δήμ⟩ου ⟨εὐ⟩νοίας ⟨σημεῖον. καὶ γρά⟩ψαι, ὦ ⟨Δημόσθενες⟩ … ⟨ὑ⟩πὸ το⟨ῦ ψη⟩φίσματος ⟨ἡλωκέ⟩ναι σε αὐτόμ⟨ατον, οὐ⟩κ ἐποίησαν … γενομεν ⟨ὁ δῆ⟩μος ἐποίησεν, ὥστʼ αὐτὸς ὑπὸ τῆς τύχης ἀφαιρεθεὶς τὸν στέφανον, ἡμῶν ὃν ἔδωκεν οὐκ ἀφείλετο. οὕτως οὖν ἡμῖν τοῦ δήμου προσενηνεγμένου, οὐ πάντα ⟨τὰ⟩ δί⟨κα⟩ιʼ ἂν αὐτῷ ἡμεῖς ⟨ὑπη⟩ρετοῖμεν καὶ εἰ δ⟨έοι ἀ⟩ποθνῄσκοιμεν ⟨ὑπὲρ⟩ αὐτοῦ; ἐγὼ ⟨μὲν οἶμαι· ἀλλὰ ς⟩ὺ κατὰ ⟨τοῦ δήμου⟩ … … ⟨ς⟩θαι εὐεργετήματα· οὐ γὰρ τὴν ἑτέρων πατρίδα εὖ ποιεῖν ⟨αὐ⟩τοὺς ἀλλὰ τὴν ἑαυ⟨τῶν, ο⟩ὐδὲ … αν καὶ λόγου δύναμιν ἀποδεικνύμενος διατετέλεκας· καὶ ὅτε μὲν ἡγοῦ τὴν βουλὴν ἀποφανεῖν τοὺς ἔχοντας τὸ χρυσίον, πολεμικὸς ὢν καὶ ταράττων τὴν πόλιν, ἵνα τὴν ζήτησιν ἐκκρούοις· ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἀναβάλοιτο τὸ ἀποφῆναι ἡ βουλή, οὔπω φάσκουσα εὑρηκέναι, τότʼ ἐν τῷ δήμῳ συγχωρῶν Ἀλεξάνδρῳ καὶ τοῦ Διὸς καὶ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος εἶ⟨ναι εἰ βούλ⟩οιτο, ⟨κα⟩ὶ ἀφι⟨κομένου⟩ … … οστους … ἐβούλετ⟨ο ⟩ … στῆσαι εἰκό⟨να Ἀλεξάν⟩δρου βασιλ⟨έως τοῦ ἀνι⟩κήτου θε⟨οῦ⟩ … και … ⟨ἀγ⟩γελίαν … ⟨Ὀλυμ⟩πίας. … ἀπήγ⟨γειλε τῷ δή⟩μῳ … … ⟨τῶν ἐγ⟩κλημάτων, καὶ κήρυγμα περὶ ⟨τού⟩των ἐποιήσατο·

[¶7] frag_8. And they, instead of returning what they had received and being quit of the affair, were proposing penalties and inquiries directed against themselves. How ought we to treat men who began by doing wrong and taking bribes and then, when exemption was offered them, did not give back the gold? Should we let them go unpunished? No; for it would be a shameful thing, gentlemen of the jury, to jeopardize the safety of the city because of charges brought against individual men. You cannot acquit these men themselves unless you are willing also to assume responsibility for their crimes … Then do not indulge their love of gain, gentlemen of the jury, at the expense of your own security. Do not let your motive for making war be love of sordid gain; let it be rather a wish for a more creditable record and a change to better fortunes … … on behalf of them … we made peace … to be rendered to it by each of us.

> Greek: frag_8. οἱ δʼ ⟨ἀντὶ⟩ τοῦ ἀποδόντες ἃ ἔλαβον ἀπηλλάχθαι τιμωρίας καθʼ αὑτῶν καὶ ζητήσεις ἔγραφον. τοὺς δὴ τὸ μὲν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἀδικήσαντας καὶ δωροδοκήσαντας, ἀδείας δʼ αὐτοῖς δοθείσης μὴ ἀποδόντας τὸ χρυσίον τί χρὴ ποιεῖν; ἐᾶν ἀτιμωρήτους; ἀλλʼ αἰσχρόν, ὦ ἄνδρες δικαστ⟨αί, ἰ⟩δίων ἕνεκα ἐγκ⟨λη⟩μάτων πόλεως σωτηρίαν κιν⟨δυ⟩νεύειν· οὐ γὰρ ἔ⟨στι⟩ν ὑμᾶς τούτων ⟨ἀπ⟩οψηφίσασθαι, μὴ ⟨ἐθέλοντας⟩ ἀναδέξα⟨σθαι καὶ τὰ ἀδική⟩μα⟨τα⟩ μ⟨ὴ τοίνυν, ὦ ἄνδρες⟩ δικας⟨ταί, προτιμᾶτε⟩ τὴν τούτω⟨ν πλεο⟩νεξίαν τ⟨ῆς ὑμετέ⟩ρας αὐτῶν ⟨σωτηρί⟩ας· μηδὲ λη⟨μμάτων⟩ αἰσχρῶν ἕν⟨εκα τὸν⟩ πόλεμον, ἀλ⟨λὰ πρα⟩γμάτων ἀξιω⟨τέρων καὶ⟩ μεταλ⟨λ⟩α⟨γῆς ἀμείνονος⟩ ποιή⟨σησθε⟩ … … εσαλε … ⟨ὑ⟩πὲρ αὐτῶν ε … οις τὴν εἰρή⟨νην ἐπ⟩οιησάμεθα … βουλευω … ων χρη … εν χε αὐτῷ παρʼ ἑκάστου ἡμῶν γίγνεσθαι, καὶ τὸ μὲν κατηγορεῖν ἐν τῷ δικαστηρίῳ καὶ ἐξελέγχειν τοὺς εἰληφότας τὰ χρήματα καὶ δεδωροδοκηκότας κατὰ τῆς πατρίδος ἡ⟨μῖν⟩ προς⟨έτ⟩αξεν ⟨τοῖς ᾑρημένοις⟩ κατη⟨γόροις⟩·

[¶8] frag_9. The prosecuting in court and the exposing of those who had received the money and taken bribes against their country it allotted to us, the chosen accusers. The reporting of the names of the recipients it assigned to the Areopagus, who gave these men’s names to the people. Punishment of the criminals … to you … the Areopagus. If the vote goes contrary to law or justice, that is a responsibility, gentlemen of the jury, which will rest with you. You must all therefore … the safety of the city and the good fortune which in other ways you all enjoy in this country both collectively and individually. Remember the tombs of your ancestors and punish the offenders in the interests of the whole city. Do not allow their plausibility in argument … the men who have taken bribes against their country and defied the laws. And do not let the tears of Hagnonides affect you. Remember this … but this man would have no right to shed tears, any more than pirates who cry upon the wheel when they need not have embarked in the boat. The same is true of Demosthenes. What excuse will he have for tears when he need not have accepted … [a]But you call upon the younger men, though you used to abuse and insult them with the name of wine-swillers.

> Greek: frag_9. τὸ δʼ ἀ⟨ποφῆναι τοὺς ε⟩ἰληφότας ⟨ἀπέδωκεν τ⟩ῇ βουλῇ ⟨τῇ ἐξ Ἀρείου⟩ πάγου, ἣ ⟨τούτους εἰς τ⟩ὸν δῆ⟨μον ἀπέδει⟩ξεν· τὸ ⟨δὲ κολάσαι τ⟩οὺς ⟨ἀδικοῦντας ὑμῖν⟩ ⟨ἐξ Ἀρείου⟩ πάγου. ἐὰν δὲ ἡ ψῆφος μὴ ἀκόλουθος γένηται τοῖς νόμοις καὶ τοῖς δικαίοις, τοῦτο δή, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, παρʼ ὑμῖν ἔσται καταλελειμμένον. διόπερ δεῖ πάντας ὑμᾶς ⟨τὴ⟩ν σωτη⟨ρίαν τῆς π⟩όλεως καὶ τὴν ἄλ⟨λη⟩ν [τὴν] εὐδαιμονίαν τὴν ὑπάρχουσαν ὑμῖν ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ καὶ κοινῇ πᾶσι καὶ ἰδίᾳ ἑνὶ ἑκάστῳ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς τάφους τοὺς τῶν προγόνων, τιμωρήσασθαι τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας ὑπὲρ ἁπάσης τῆς πόλεως, καὶ μήτε λόγου παράκλησιν ⟨τοὺς εἰληφό⟩τας δῶ⟨ρα κατὰ τῆς⟩ πατρίδος καὶ τ⟨ῶν⟩ νόμων· μηδ⟨ὲ τοῖς⟩ δακρύοις τοῖς Ἁγ⟨νω⟩νίδου προσέχετε ⟨τὸν⟩ νοῦν, ἐκεῖνο λο⟨γιζό⟩μενοι, ὅτι ἀτυχ⟨ήσαν⟩τι μὲν οὗτος δʼ ἂν ⟨κλαίων⟩ οὐ δίκαια ποιής⟨ειεν⟩, ὥσπερ καὶ οἱ λ⟨ῃσταὶ⟩ οἱ ἐπὶ τοῦ τροχ⟨οῦ κλαί⟩οντες, ἐξὸν αὐ⟨τοῖς⟩ μὴ ἐμβαίνε⟨ιν εἰς⟩ τὸ πλοῖον. οὕτω καὶ Δη⟨μο⟩σθένης τί προς⟨ῆκον⟩ κλαιήσει, ἐ⟨ξὸν αὐτῷ⟩ μὴ λαμ⟨βάνειν⟩ … [a] ἀλλὰ τοὺς νεωτέρους ἐπὶ βοήθειαν καλεῖς, οὓς ὕβριζες καὶ ἐλοιδοροῦ ἀκρατοκώθωνας ἀποκαλῶν;

[¶9] citations. [b]Anyone who drank rather freely used to vex you. [c]Not even within a limited time. [—]Cowardly.

> Greek: citations. [b] εἰ μέν τις ἀκρατέστερον ἔπιεν, ἐλύπει σε. [c] οὐδὲ μέχρι παραγραφῆς. [—] ἄνανδρος.