---
title: "Dionysus · Προλαλιά. Διόνυσος"
author: "Lucian"
translator: "Austin Morris Harmon"
languages: [grc, en]
shelf: "Classical Greek"
url: https://scriptura.si/works/lucian-dionysus/
cite: "Lucian, tr. Austin Morris Harmon, Dionysus · Προλαλιά. Διόνυσος. Scriptura (scriptura.si), https://scriptura.si/works/lucian-dionysus/"
---

# Dionysus · Προλαλιά. Διόνυσος

*Lucian, tr. Austin Morris Harmon*

Dionysus’ army of Bacchants and satyrs invades India; Lucian likens himself to that strange and charming god.

> Greek: ed. Austin Morris Harmon, from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-greekLit, tlg0062.tlg003, CC BY-SA 4.0).

> English: Austin Morris Harmon, from the Perseus Digital Library (tlg0062.tlg003.perseus-eng2). Notes are not included.

> Rows follow the references the two texts share (chapters and sections), cut where both reach the end of a sentence.

## Contents

1. [Sections 1–8](https://scriptura.si/works/lucian-dionysus/1.md)

## 1. Sections 1–8

Source: https://scriptura.si/works/lucian-dionysus/1/ · cite a paragraph as https://scriptura.si/works/lucian-dionysus/1/#p-N

[¶0] 1. When Dionysus led his host against the men of Ind (surely there is nothing to prevent my telling you a tale of Bacchus!), he was held at first in such contempt, they say, by the people there, that they laughed at his advance; more than that, they pitied him for his hardihood, because he was certain to be trampled under foot in an instant by the elephants if he deployed against them. No doubt they heard curious reports about his army from their scouts: “His rank and file are crack-brained, crazy women, wreathed with ivy, dressed in fawn-skins, carrying little headless spears which are of ivy too, and light targes that boom if you do but touch them”—for they supposed, no doubt, that the tambours were shields. ‘A few young clodhoppers are with them, dancing the can-can without any clothes on; they have tails, and have horns like those which start from the foreheads of new-born kids.

> Greek: 1. ὅτε ὁ Διόνυσος ἐπʼ Ἰνδοὺς στρατιὰν ἤλασε — κωλύει γὰρ οὐδέν, οἶμαι, καὶ μῦθον ὑμῖν διηγήσασθαι Βακχικόν — φασὶν οὕτω καταφρονῆσαι αὐτοῦ τὰ πρῶτα τοὺς ἀνθρώπους τοὺς ἐκεῖ, ὥστε καταγελᾶν ἐπιόντος, μᾶλλον δὲ ἐλεεῖν τὴν τόλμαν αὐτίκα μάλα συμπατηθησομένου ὑπὸ τῶν ἐλεφάντων, εἰ ἀντιτάξαιτο· ἤκουον γάρ, οἶμαι, τῶν σκοπῶν ἀλλόκοτα ὑπὲρ τῆς στρατιᾶς αὐτοῦ ἀγγελλόντων, ὡς ἡ μὲν φάλαγξ αὐτῷ καὶ οἱ λόχοι γυναῖκες εἶεν ἔκφρονες καὶ μεμηνυῖαι, κιττῷ ἐστεμμέναι, νεβρίδας ἐνημμέναι, δοράτια μικρὰ ἔχουσαι ἀσίδηρα, κιττοποίητα καὶ ταῦτα, καί τινα πελτάρια κοῦφα, βομβοῦντα, εἴ τις μόνον προσάψαιτο — ἀσπίσι γὰρ εἴκαζον, οἶμαι, τὰ τύμπανα — ὀλίγους δέ τινας ἀγροίκους νεανίσκους ἐνεῖναι, γυμνούς, κόρδακα ὀρχουμένους, οὐρὰς ἔχοντας, κεράστας, οἷα τοῖς ἄρτι γεννηθεῖσιν ἐρίφοις ὑποφύεται.

[¶1] 2. As for the general himself, he rides on a car behind a team of panthers; he is quite beardless, without even the least bit of down on his cheek, has horns, wears a garland of grape clusters, ties up his hair with a ribbon, and is in a purple gown and gilt slippers. He has two lieutenants. One is a short, thick-set old man with a big belly, a flat nose and large, up-standing ears, who is a bit shaky and walks with a staff (though for the most part he rides on an ass), and is also in a woman’s gown, which is yellow; he is a very appropriate aide to such a chief! The other is a misbegotten fellow like a goat in the underpinning, with hairy legs, horns, and a long beard; he is choleric and hot-headed, carries a shepherd’s pipe in his left hand and brandishes a crooked stick in his right, and goes bounding all about the army. The women are afraid of him; they toss their hair in the wind when he comes near and cry out ‘Evoe.’ This we suppose to be the name of their ruler. The flocks have already been harried - by the women, and the animals torn limb from limb while still alive; for they are eaters of raw meat.”

> Greek: 2. καὶ τὸν μὲν στρατηλάτην αὐτὸν ἐφʼ ἅρματος ὀχεῖσθαι παρδάλεων ὑπεζευγμένων, ἀγένειον ἀκριβῶς, οὐδʼ ἐπʼ ὀλίγον τὴν παρειὰν χνοῶντα, κερασφόρον, βοτρύοις ἐστεφανωμένον, μίτρᾳ τὴν κόμην ἀναδεδεμένον, ἐν πορφυρίδι καὶ χρυσῇ ἐμβάδι· ὑποστρατηγεῖν δὲ δύο, ἕνα μέν τινα βραχύν, πρεσβύτην, ὑπόπαχυν, προγάστορα, ῥινόσιμον, ὦτα μεγάλα ὄρθια ἔχοντα, ὑπότρομον, νάρθηκι ἐπερειδόμενον, ἐπʼ ὄνου τὰ πολλὰ ἱππεύοντα, ἐν κροκωτῷ καὶ τοῦτον, πάνυ πιθανόν τινα συνταγματάρχην αὐτοῦ ἕτερον δὲ τεράστιον ἄνθρωπον, τράγῳ τὰ νέρθεν ἐοικότα, κομήτην τὰ σκέλη, κέρατα ἔχοντα, βαθυπώγωνα, ὀργίλον καὶ θυμικόν, θατέρᾳ μὲν σύριγγα φέροντα, τῇ δεξιᾷ δὲ ῥάβδον καμπύλην ἐπηρμένον καὶ περισκιρτῶντα ὅλον τὸ στρατόπεδον, καὶ τὰ γύναια δὲ φοβεῖσθαι αὐτὸν καὶ σείειν ἠνεμωμένας τὰς κόμας, ὁπότε προσίοι, καὶ βοᾶν εὐοῖ· τοῦτο δʼ εἰκάζειν καλεῖσθαι αὐτῶν τὸν δεσπότην. τὰς δʼ οὖν ποίμνας διηρπάσθαι ἤδη ὑπὸ τῶν γυναικῶν καὶ διεσπάσθαι ἔτι ζῶντα τὰ θρέμματα· ὠμοφάγους γάρ τινας αὐτὰς εἶναι.

[¶2] 3. On hearing this, the Hindoos and their king roared with laughter, as well they might, and did not care to take the field against them or to deploy their troops; at most, they said, they would turn their women loose on them if they came near. They themselves thought it a shame to defeat them and kill crazy women, a hair-ribboned leader, a drunken little old man, a goat-soldie? and a lot of naked dancers— ridiculous, every one of them! But word soon came that the god was setting the country in a blaze, burning up cities and their inhabitants and firing the forests, and that he had speedily filled all India with flame. (Naturally, the weapon of Dionysus is fire, because it.is his father’s and comes from the thunderbolt. ) Then at last they hurriedly took arms, saddled and bridled their elephants and put the towers on them, and sallied out against the enemy. Even then they despised them, but were angry at them all the same, and eager to crush the life out of the beardless general and his army.

> Greek: 3. ταῦτα οἱ Ἰνδοὶ καὶ ὁ βασιλεῦς αὐτῶν ἀκούοντες ἐγέλων, ὡς τὸ εἰκός, καὶ οὐδʼ ἀντεπεξάγειν ἢ παρατάττεσθαι ἠξίουν, ἀλλʼ εἴπερ ἄρα, τὰς γυναῖκας ἐπαφήσειν αὐτοῖς, εἰ πλησίον γένοιντο, σφίσι δὲ καὶ νικᾶν αἰσχρὸν ἐδόκει καὶ φονεύειν γύναια μεμηνότα καὶ θηλυμίτρην ἄρχοντα καὶ μεθύον σμικρὸν γερόντιον καὶ ἡμίτραγον στρατιώτην ἄλλον καὶ γυμνήτας ὀρχηστάς, πάντας γελοίους. ἐπεὶ δὲ ἤγγελτο πυρπολῶν ὁ θεὸς ἤδη τὴν χώραν καὶ πόλεις αὐτάνδρους καταφλέγων καὶ ἀνάπτων τὰς ὕλας καὶ ἐν βραχεῖ πᾶσαν τὴν Ἰνδικὴν φλογὸς ἐμπεπληκώς — ὅπλον γάρ τι Διονυσιακὸν τὸ πῦρ, πατρῷον αὐτῷ κἀκ τοῦ κεραυνοῦ — ἐνταῦθα ἤδη σπουδῇ ἀνελάμβανον τὰ ὅπλα καὶ τοὺς ἐλέφαντας ἐπισάξαντες καὶ ἐγχαλινώσαντες καὶ τοὺς πύργους ἀναθέμενοι ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς ἀντεπεξῄεσαν, καταφρονοῦντες μὲν καὶ τότε, ὀργιζόμενοι δὲ ὅμως καὶ συντρῖψαι σπεύδοντες αὐτῷ στρατοπέδῳ τὸν ἀγένειον ἐκεῖνον στρατηλάτην.

[¶3] 4. When the forces came together and saw one another, the Hindoos posted their elephants in the van and moved forward in close array. Dionysus had the centre in person; Silenus commanded on the right ‘wing and Pan on the left. The Satyrs were commissioned as colonels and captains, and the general watchword was ‘Evoe.’ In a trice the tambours were beat, the cymbals gave the signal for battle, one of the Satyrs took his horn and sounded the charge, Silenus’ jackass gave a martial hee-haw, and the Maenads, serpent-girdled, baring the steel of their thyrsus-points, fell on with a shriek. The Hindoos and their elephants gave way at once and fled in utter disorder, not even daring to get within range. The outcome was that they were captured by force of arms and led off prisoners by those whom they had formerly laughed at, taught by experience that strange armies should not have been despised on hearsay.

> Greek: 4. ἐπεὶ δὲ πλησίον ἐγένοντο καὶ εἶδον ἀλλήλους, οἱ μὲν Ἰνδοὶ προτάξαντες τοὺς ἐλέφαντας ἐπῆγον τὴν φάλαγγα, ὁ Διόνυσος δὲ τὸ μέσον μὲν αὐτὸς εἶχε, τοῦ κέρως δὲ αὐτῷ τοῦ δεξιοῦ μὲν ὁ Σιληνός, τοῦ εὐωνύμου δὲ ὁ Πὰν ἡγοῦντο· λοχαγοὶ δὲ καὶ ταξίαρχοι οἱ Σάτυροι ἐγκαθειστήκεσαν· καὶ τὸ μὲν σύνθημα ἦν ἅπασι τὸ εὐοῖ. εὐθὺς δὲ τὰ τύμπανα ἐπαταγεῖτο καὶ τὰ κύμβαλα τὸ πολεμικὸν ἐσήμαινε καὶ τῶν Σατύρων τις λαβὼν τὸ κέρας ἐπηύλει τὸ ὄρθιον καὶ ὁ τοῦ Σιληνοῦ ὄνος ἐνυάλιόν τι ὠγκήσατο καὶ αἱ Μαινάδες σὺν ὀλολυγῇ ἐνεπήδησαν αὐτοῖς δράκοντας ὑπεζωσμέναι κἀκ τῶν θύρσων ἄκρων ἀπογυμνοῦσαι τὸν σίδηρον. οἱ Ἰνδοὶ δὲ καὶ οἱ ἐλέφαντες αὐτῶν αὐτίκα ἐγκλίναντες σὺν οὐδενὶ κόσμῳ ἔφευγον οὐδʼ ἐντὸς βέλους γενέσθαι ὑπομείναντες, καὶ τέλος κατὰ κράτος ἑαλώκεσαν καὶ αἰχμάλωτοι ἀπήγοντο ὑπὸ τῶν τέως καταγελωμένων, ἔργῳ μαθόντες ὡς οὐκ ἐχρῆν ἀπὸ τῆς πρώτης ἀκοῆς καταφρονεῖν ξένων στρατοπέδων.

[¶4] 5. “But what has your Dionysus to do with Dionysus?”’ someone may say. This much: that in my opinion (and in the name of the Graces don’t suppose me in a corybantic frenzy or downright drunk if I compare myself to the gods!) most people are in the same state of mind as the Hindoos when they encounter literary novelties, like mine for example. Thinking that.what they hear from me will smack of Satyrs and of jokes, in short, of comedy—for that is the conviction they have formed, holding I know not what opinion of me—some of them do not come at all, believing it unseemly to come off their elephants and give their attention to the revels of women and the skippings of Satyrs, while others apparently come for something of that kind, and when they find steel instead of ivy, are even then slow to applaud, confused by the unexpectedness of the thing. But I promise confidently that if they are willing this time as they were before to look often upon the mystic rites, and if my booncompanions of old remember “the revels we shared in the days that are gone” and do not despise my Satyrs and Sileni, but drink their fill of this bowl, they too will know the Bacchic frenzy once again, and will often join me in the “Evoe.”

> Greek: 5. Ἀλλὰ τί πρὸς τὸν Διόνυσον ὁ Διόνυσος οὗτος; εἴποι τις ἄν. ὅτι μοι δοκοῦσι — καὶ πρὸς Χαρίτων μή με κορυβαντιᾶν ἢ τελέως μεθύειν ὑπολάβητε, εἰ τἀμὰ εἰκάζω τοῖς θεοῖς — ὅμοιόν τι πάσχειν οἱ πολλοὶ πρὸς τοὺς καινοὺς τῶν λόγων τοῖς Ἰνδοῖς ἐκείνοις, οἷον καὶ πρὸς τοὺς ἐμούς· οἰόμενοι γὰρ σατυρικὰ καὶ γελοῖά τινα καὶ κομιδῇ κωμικὰ παρʼ ἡμῶν ἀκούσεσθαι — τοιαῦτα γὰρ πεπιστεύκασιν, οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅ τι δόξαν αὐτοῖς ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ—οἱ μὲν οὐδὲ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀφικνοῦνται, ὡς οὐδὲν δέον παρέχειν τὰ ὦτα κώμοις γυναικείοις καὶ σκιρτήμασι σατυρικοῖς καταβάντας ἀπὸ τῶν ἐλεφάντων, οἱ δὲ ὡς ἐπὶ τοιοῦτό τι ἥκοντες ἀντὶ τοῦ κιττοῦ σίδηρον εὑρόντες οὐδʼ οὕτως ἐπαινεῖν τολμῶσι τῷ παραδόξῳ τοῦ πράγματος τεθορυβημένοι. ἀλλὰ θαρρῶν ἐπαγγέλλομαι αὐτοῖς, ὅτι ἢν καὶ νῦν ὡς πρότερόν ποτε τὴν τελετὴν ἐθελήσωσιν ἐπιδεῖν πολλάκις καὶ ἀναμνησθῶσιν οἱ παλαιοὶ συμπόται κώμων κοινῶν τῶν τότε καιρῶν καὶ μὴ καταφρονήσωσιν τῶν Σατύρων καὶ Σιληνῶν, πίωσι δὲ ἐς κόρον τοῦ κρατῆρος τούτου, ἔτι βακχεύσειν καὶ αὐτοὺς καὶ πολλάκις μεθʼ ἡμῶν ἐρεῖν τὸ εὐοῖ.

[¶5] 6. But let them do as they think fit: a man’s ears are his own! As we are still in India, I want to tell you another tale of that country which “has to do with Dionysus,” like the first, and is not irrelevant to our business. Among the Machlaean Indians who feed their flocks on the left banks of the Indus river as you look down - stream, and who reach clear to the Ocean—in their country there is a grove in an enclosed place of no great size; it'is completely sheltered, however, for rank ivy and grapevines overshadow it quite. In it there are three springs of fair, clear water: one belongs to the Satyrs, another to Pan, the third to Silenus. The Indians visit the place once a year, celebrating the feast of the god, and they drink from the springs: not, however, from all of them, indiscriminately, but according to age. The boys drink from the spring of the Satyrs, the men from the spring of Pan, and those of my time of life from the spring of Silenus.

> Greek: 6. οὗτοι μὲν οὖν — ἐλεύθερον γὰρ ἀκοή — ποιούντων ὅ τι καὶ φίλον. ἐγὼ δέ, ἐπειδήπερ ἔτι ἐν Ἰνδοῖς ἐσμέν, ἐθέλω καὶ ἄλλο ὑμῖν διηγήσασθαί τι τῶν ἐκεῖθεν, οὐκ ἀπροσδιόνυσον οὐδʼ αὐτό, οὐδʼ ὧν ποιοῦμεν ἀλλότριον. ἐν Ἰνδοῖς τοῖς Μαχλαίοις, οἳ τὰ λαιὰ τοῦ Ἰνδοῦ ποταμοῦ, εἰ κατὰ ῥοῦν αὐτοῦ βλέποις, ἐπινεμόμενοι μέχρι πρὸς τὸν Ὠκεανὸν καθήκουσι, παρὰ τούτοις ἄλσος ἐστὶν ἐν περιφράκτῳ, οὐ πάνυ μεγάλῳ χωρίῳ, συνηρεφεῖ δέ· κιττὸς γὰρ πολὺς καὶ ἄμπελοι σύσκιον αὐτὸ ἀκριβῶς ποιοῦσιν. ἐνταῦθα πηγαί εἰσι τρεῖς καλλίστου καὶ διειδεστάτου ὕδατος, ἡ μὲν Σατύρων, ἡ δὲ Πανός, ἡ δὲ Σιληνοῦ. καὶ εἰσέρχονται εἰς αὐτὸ οἱ Ἰνδοὶ ἅπαξ τοῦ ἔτους ἑορτάζοντες τῷ θεῷ, καὶ πίνουσι τῶν πηγῶν, οὐχ ἁπασῶν ἅπαντες, ἀλλὰ καθʼ ἡλικίαν, τὰ μὲν μειράκια τῆς τῶν Σατύρων, οἱ ἄνδρες δὲ τῆς Πανικῆς, τῆς δὲ τοῦ Σιληνοῦ οἱ κατʼ ἐμέ.

[¶6] 7. What happens to the boys when they drink, and what the men make bold to do under the influence of Pan would make a long story; but what the old do when they get drunk on the water is not irrelevant. When an old man drinks and falls under the influence of Silenus, at first he is mute for a long time and appears drugged and sodden. Then of a sudden he acquires a splendid voice, a distinct utterance, a silvery tone, and is as talkative as he was mute before. Even by gagging him you couldn’t keep him from talking steadily and delivering long harangues. It is all sensible though, and well ordered, and in the style of Homer’s famous orator; for their words fall “like the snows of winter.” You can’t compare them to swans on account of their age; but like cicadas, they keep up a constant roundelay till the afternoon is far spent. Then, when the fumes of the drink leave them at last, they fall silent and relapse into their old ways. But I have not yet told you the strangest part of it. If an old man is prevented by sunset from reaching the end of the story which he is telling, and leaves it unfinished, when he drinks again another season he takes up what he was saying the year before when the fumes left him!

> Greek: 7. ἃ μὲν οὖν πάσχουσιν οἱ παῖδες ἐπειδὰν πίωσιν, ἢ οἷα οἱ ἄνδρες τολμῶσι κατεχόμενοι τῷ Πανί, μακρὸν ἂν εἴη λέγειν· ἃ δʼ οἱ γέροντες ποιοῦσιν, ὅταν μεθυσθῶσιν τοῦ ὕδατος, οὐκ ἀλλότριον εἰπεῖν· ἐπειδὰν πίῃ ὁ γέρων καὶ κατάσχῃ αὐτὸν ὁ Σιληνός, αὐτίκα ἐπὶ πολὺ ἄφωνός ἐστι καὶ καρηβαροῦντι καὶ βεβαπτισμένῳ ἔοικεν, εἶτα ἄφνω φωνή τε λαμπρὰ καὶ φθέγμα τορὸν καὶ πνεῦμα λιγυρὸν ἐγγίγνεται αὐτῷ καὶ λαλίστατος ἐξ ἀφωνοτάτου ἐστίν, οὐδʼ ἂν ἐπιστομίσας παύσειας αὐτὸν μὴ οὐχὶ συνεχῆ λαλεῖν καὶ ῥήσεις μακρὰς συνείρειν. συνετὰ μέντοι πάντα καὶ κόσμια καὶ κατὰ τὸν Ὁμήρου ἐκεῖνον ῥήτορα· νιφάδεσσι γὰρ ἐοικότα χειμερίῃσι διεξέρχονται, οὐδʼ ἀποχρήσει σοι κύκνοις κατὰ τὴν ἡλικίαν εἰκάσαι αὐτούς, ἀλλὰ τεττιγῶδές τι πυκνὸν καὶ ἐπίτροχον συνάπτουσιν ἄχρι βαθείας ἑσπέρας. τοὐντεῦθεν δὲ ἤδη ἀφεθείσης αὐτοῖς τῆς μέθης σιωπῶσι καὶ πρὸς τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἀνατρέχουσι. τὸ μέντοι παραδοξότατον οὐδέπω εἶπον· ἢν γὰρ ἀτελῆ ὁ γέρων μεταξὺ καταλίπῃ ὃν διεξῄει τὸν λόγον, δύντος ἡλίου κωλυθεὶς ἐπὶ πέρας αὐτὸν ἐπεξελθεῖν, ἐς νέωτα πιὼν αὖθις ἐκεῖνα συνάπτει ἃ πέρυσι λέγοντα ἡ μέθη αὐτὸν κατέλιπεν.

[¶7] 8. Permit me this joke at my own expense, in the spirit of Momus. I refuse to draw the moral, I swear; for you already see how the fable applies to me. If I make any slip, then, the fumes are to blame, but if what I say should seem reasonable, then Silenus has been good to me.

> Greek: 8. ταῦτά μοι κατὰ τὸν Μῶμον εἰς ἐμαυτὸν ἀπεσκώφθω, καὶ μὰ τὸν Δίʼ οὐκ ἂν ἔτι ἐπαγάγοιμι τὸ ἐπιμύθιον· ὁρᾶτε γὰρ ἤδη καθʼ ὅ τι τῷ μύθῳ ἔοικα. ὥστε ἢν μέν τι παραπαίωμεν, ἡ μέθη αἰτία· εἰ δὲ πινυτὰ δόξειε τὰ λεγόμενα, ὁ Σιληνὸς ἄρα ἦν ἵλεως.