--- title: "So It Was Said · Itivuttaka" author: "The Buddha" translator: "Bhikkhu Sujato" languages: [pi, en] shelf: "Pali Canon" section: 5 of 5 url: https://scriptura.si/works/pali-itivuttaka/5/ cite: "The Buddha, tr. Bhikkhu Sujato, So It Was Said · Itivuttaka, section 5. Scriptura (scriptura.si), https://scriptura.si/works/pali-itivuttaka/5/" --- # So It Was Said · Itivuttaka *The Buddha, tr. Bhikkhu Sujato* A hundred and twelve short teachings in prose and verse, remembered as “so it was said by the Buddha”. > Pali: the Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka (Buddha Jayanti edition, 2500), from SuttaCentral’s bilara-data, dedicated to the public domain (CC0). > English: Bhikkhu Sujato, from SuttaCentral’s bilara-data, dedicated to the public domain (CC0). Notes are not included. > Rows follow the segment numbers the two texts share, gathered into paragraphs; verse keeps its lines. ## 5. Iti 109–112 Source: https://scriptura.si/works/pali-itivuttaka/5/ · cite a paragraph as https://scriptura.si/works/pali-itivuttaka/5/#p-N [¶0] Iti 109 · A River > Pali: Iti 109 · Nadīsotasutta [¶1] The Book of the Fours > Pali: Catukkanipāta [¶2] The Chapter on the Brahmin’s Offering of the Teaching > Pali: Brāhmaṇadhammayāgavagga [¶3] This was said by the Buddha, the Perfected One: that is what I heard. > Pali: Vuttañhetaṁ bhagavatā vuttamarahatāti me sutaṁ: [¶4] “Suppose a person was being carried along by a river current that seemed nice and pleasant. If a person with clear eyes saw them, they’d say: ‘My man, even though the river current carrying you along seems nice and pleasant, downstream there is a lake with waves and whirlpools, saltwater crocodiles and monsters. When you reach there it will result in death or deadly pain.’ Then, when they heard what was said, they’d paddle against the stream using their hands and feet. > Pali: “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso nadiyā sotena ovuyheyya piyarūpasātarūpena. Tamenaṁ cakkhumā puriso tīre ṭhito disvā evaṁ vadeyya: ‘kiñcāpi kho tvaṁ, ambho purisa, nadiyā sotena ovuyhasi piyarūpasātarūpena, atthi cettha heṭṭhā rahado saūmi sāvaṭṭo sagaho sarakkhaso yaṁ tvaṁ, ambho purisa, rahadaṁ pāpuṇitvā maraṇaṁ vā nigacchasi maraṇamattaṁ vā dukkhan’ti. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, puriso tassa purisassa saddaṁ sutvā hatthehi ca pādehi ca paṭisotaṁ vāyameyya. [¶5] I’ve made up this simile to make a point. And this is the point. ‘River current’ is a term for craving. > Pali: Upamā kho me ayaṁ, bhikkhave, katā atthassa viññāpanāya. Ayañcettha attho: ‘nadiyā soto’ti kho, bhikkhave, taṇhāyetaṁ adhivacanaṁ. [¶6] ‘Seeming nice and pleasant’ is a term for the six interior sense fields. > Pali: ‘Piyarūpaṁ sātarūpan’ti kho, bhikkhave, channetaṁ ajjhattikānaṁ āyatanānaṁ adhivacanaṁ. [¶7] ‘A downstream lake’ is a term for the five lower fetters. > Pali: ‘Heṭṭhā rahado’ti kho, bhikkhave, pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ adhivacanaṁ. [¶8] ‘Danger of waves’ is a term for anger and distress. > Pali: ‘Ūmibhayan’ti kho, bhikkhave, kodhupāyāsassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ. [¶9] ‘Whirlpool’ is a term for the five kinds of sensual stimulation. > Pali: ‘Āvaṭṭan’ti kho, bhikkhave, pañcannetaṁ kāmaguṇānaṁ adhivacanaṁ. [¶10] ‘Saltwater crocodiles and monsters’ is a term for ladies. > Pali: ‘Gaharakkhaso’ti kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ. [¶11] ‘Against the stream’ is a term for renunciation. > Pali: ‘Paṭisoto’ti kho, bhikkhave, nekkhammassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ. [¶12] ‘Paddling with hands and feet’ is a term for rousing energy. > Pali: ‘Hatthehi ca pādehi ca vāyāmo’ti kho, bhikkhave, vīriyārambhassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ. [¶13] ‘A person with clear eyes’ is a term for the Realized One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha.” > Pali: ‘Cakkhumā puriso tīre ṭhito’ti kho, bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ arahato sammāsambuddhassā”ti. [¶14] The Buddha spoke this matter. On this it is said: > Pali: Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṁ iti vuccati: [¶15] “In pain they’d give up sensual pleasures, aspiring to the future sanctuary from the yoke. With deep understanding and heart well freed, they’d experience universal liberation. That knowledge master who has completed the spiritual journey, and gone to the end of the world, is called ‘one who has gone beyond’.” > Pali: “Sahāpi dukkhena jaheyya kāme, Yogakkhemaṁ āyatiṁ patthayāno; Sammappajāno suvimuttacitto, Vimuttiyā phassaye tattha tattha; Sa vedagū vūsitabrahmacariyo, Lokantagū pāragatoti vuccatī”ti. [¶16] This too is a matter that was spoken by the Blessed One: that is what I heard. > Pali: Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. [¶17] > Pali: Dasamaṁ. [¶18] Iti 110 · Walking > Pali: Iti 110 · Carasutta [¶19] The Book of the Fours > Pali: Catukkanipāta [¶20] The Chapter on the Brahmin’s Offering of the Teaching > Pali: Brāhmaṇadhammayāgavagga [¶21] This was said by the Buddha, the Perfected One: that is what I heard. > Pali: Vuttañhetaṁ bhagavatā vuttamarahatāti me sutaṁ: [¶22] “Mendicants, suppose a mendicant has a sensual, malicious, or cruel thought while walking. They tolerate it and don’t give it up, dispel it, eliminate it, and obliterate it. Such a mendicant is said to be ‘not keen or prudent, always lazy, and lacking energy’ when walking. > Pali: “Carato cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno uppajjati kāmavitakko vā byāpādavitakko vā vihiṁsāvitakko vā. Tañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu adhivāseti nappajahati na vinodeti na byantīkaroti na anabhāvaṁ gameti. Carampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁbhūto anātāpī anottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ kusīto hīnavīriyoti vuccati. [¶23] Suppose a mendicant has a sensual, malicious, or cruel thought while standing … sitting … or when lying down while awake. They tolerate it and don’t give it up, dispel it, eliminate it, and obliterate it. Such a mendicant is said to be ‘not keen or prudent, always lazy, and lacking energy’ when lying down while awake. > Pali: Ṭhitassa cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno uppajjati kāmavitakko vā byāpādavitakko vā vihiṁsāvitakko vā. Tañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu adhivāseti nappajahati na vinodeti na byantīkaroti na anabhāvaṁ gameti. Ṭhitopi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁbhūto anātāpī anottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ kusīto hīnavīriyoti vuccati. Nisinnassa cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno uppajjati kāmavitakko vā byāpādavitakko vā vihiṁsāvitakko vā. Tañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu adhivāseti nappajahati na vinodeti na byantīkaroti na anabhāvaṁ gameti. Nisinnopi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁbhūto anātāpī anottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ kusīto hīnavīriyoti vuccati. Sayānassa cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno jāgarassa uppajjati kāmavitakko vā byāpādavitakko vā vihiṁsāvitakko vā. Tañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu adhivāseti nappajahati na vinodeti na byantīkaroti na anabhāvaṁ gameti. Sayānopi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu jāgaro evaṁbhūto anātāpī anottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ kusīto hīnavīriyoti vuccati. [¶24] Suppose a mendicant has a sensual, malicious, or cruel thought while walking. They don’t tolerate them, but give them up, dispel them, eliminate them, and obliterate them. Such a mendicant is said to be ‘keen and prudent, always energetic and resolute’ when walking. > Pali: Carato cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno uppajjati kāmavitakko vā byāpādavitakko vā vihiṁsāvitakko vā. Tañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṁ gameti. Carampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁbhūto ātāpī ottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ āraddhavīriyo pahitattoti vuccati. [¶25] Suppose a mendicant has a sensual, malicious, or cruel thought while standing … sitting … or when lying down while awake. They don’t tolerate it, but give it up, dispel it, eliminate it, and obliterate it. Such a mendicant is said to be ‘keen and prudent, always energetic and resolute’ when lying down while awake.” > Pali: Ṭhitassa cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno uppajjati kāmavitakko vā byāpādavitakko vā vihiṁsāvitakko vā. Tañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṁ gameti. Ṭhitopi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁbhūto ātāpī ottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ āraddhavīriyo pahitattoti vuccati. Nisinnassa cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno uppajjati kāmavitakko vā byāpādavitakko vā vihiṁsāvitakko vā. Tañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṁ gameti. Nisinnopi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁbhūto ātāpī ottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ āraddhavīriyo pahitattoti vuccati. Sayānassa cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno jāgarassa uppajjati kāmavitakko vā byāpādavitakko vā vihiṁsāvitakko vā. Tañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṁ gameti. Sayānopi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu jāgaro evaṁbhūto ātāpī ottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ āraddhavīriyo pahitattoti vuccatī”ti. [¶26] The Buddha spoke this matter. On this it is said: > Pali: Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṁ iti vuccati: [¶27] “Whether walking or standing, sitting or lying down, one who thinks a bad thought to do with the domestic life > Pali: “Caraṁ vā yadi vā tiṭṭhaṁ, nisinno uda vā sayaṁ; Yo vitakkaṁ vitakketi, pāpakaṁ gehanissitaṁ. [¶28] is practicing the wrong way, lost among things that delude; such a mendicant is incapable of experiencing the highest awakening. > Pali: Kummaggaṁ paṭipanno so, mohaneyyesu mucchito; Abhabbo tādiso bhikkhu, phuṭṭhuṁ sambodhimuttamaṁ. [¶29] But one who, whether standing or walking, sitting or lying down, has calmed their thoughts, loving peace of mind; such a mendicant is capable of experiencing the highest awakening.” > Pali: Yo ca caraṁ vā tiṭṭhaṁ vā, Nisinno uda vā sayaṁ; Vitakkaṁ samayitvāna, Vitakkūpasame rato; Bhabbo so tādiso bhikkhu, Phuṭṭhuṁ sambodhimuttaman”ti. [¶30] This too is a matter that was spoken by the Blessed One: that is what I heard. > Pali: Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. [¶31] > Pali: Ekādasamaṁ. [¶32] Iti 111 · Accomplishment in Ethics > Pali: Iti 111 · Sampannasīlasutta [¶33] The Book of the Fours > Pali: Catukkanipāta [¶34] The Chapter on the Brahmin’s Offering of the Teaching > Pali: Brāhmaṇadhammayāgavagga [¶35] This was said by the Buddha, the Perfected One: that is what I heard. > Pali: Vuttañhetaṁ bhagavatā vuttamarahatāti me sutaṁ: [¶36] “Mendicants, live by the ethical precepts and the monastic code. Live restrained in the monastic code, conducting yourselves well and resorting for alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, keep the rules you’ve undertaken. > Pali: “Sampannasīlā, bhikkhave, viharatha sampannapātimokkhā; pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvutā viharatha ācāragocarasampannā aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvino; samādāya sikkhatha sikkhāpadesu. [¶37] When you’ve done this, what more is there to do? > Pali: Sampannasīlānaṁ vo, bhikkhave, viharataṁ sampannapātimokkhānaṁ pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvutānaṁ viharataṁ ācāragocarasampannānaṁ aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvīnaṁ samādāya sikkhataṁ sikkhāpadesu, kimassa uttari karaṇīyaṁ? [¶38] Suppose a mendicant has got rid of desire and ill will while walking, and has given up dullness and drowsiness, restlessness and remorse, and doubt. Their energy is roused up and unflagging, their mindfulness is established and lucid, their body is tranquil and undisturbed, and their mind is immersed and unified in samādhi. Such a mendicant is said to be ‘keen and prudent, always energetic and resolute’ when walking. > Pali: Carato cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno abhijjhā, byāpādo vigato hoti, thinamiddhaṁ vigataṁ hoti, uddhaccakukkuccaṁ vigataṁ hoti, vicikicchā pahīnā hoti, āraddhaṁ hoti vīriyaṁ asallīnaṁ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, passaddho kāyo asāraddho, samāhitaṁ cittaṁ ekaggaṁ. Carampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁbhūto ātāpī ottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ āraddhavīriyo pahitattoti vuccati. [¶39] Suppose a mendicant has got rid of desire and ill will while standing … > Pali: Ṭhitassa cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno abhijjhā byāpādo vigato hoti …pe… thinamiddhaṁ … uddhaccakukkuccaṁ … vicikicchā pahīnā hoti, āraddhaṁ hoti vīriyaṁ asallīnaṁ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, passaddho kāyo asāraddho, samāhitaṁ cittaṁ ekaggaṁ. Ṭhitopi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁbhūto ātāpī ottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ āraddhavīriyo pahitattoti vuccati. [¶40] sitting … > Pali: Nisinnassa cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno abhijjhā byāpādo vigato hoti …pe… thinamiddhaṁ … uddhaccakukkuccaṁ … vicikicchā pahīnā hoti, āraddhaṁ hoti vīriyaṁ asallīnaṁ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, passaddho kāyo asāraddho, samāhitaṁ cittaṁ ekaggaṁ. Nisinnopi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṁbhūto ātāpī ottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ āraddhavīriyo pahitattoti vuccati. [¶41] or when lying down while awake. Such a mendicant is said to be ‘keen and prudent, always energetic and resolute’ when lying down while awake.” > Pali: Sayānassa cepi, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno jāgarassa abhijjhā byāpādo vigato hoti …pe… thinamiddhaṁ … uddhaccakukkuccaṁ … vicikicchā pahīnā hoti, āraddhaṁ hoti vīriyaṁ asallīnaṁ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, passaddho kāyo asāraddho, samāhitaṁ cittaṁ ekaggaṁ. Sayānopi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu jāgaro evaṁbhūto ātāpī ottāpī satataṁ samitaṁ āraddhavīriyo pahitattoti vuccatī”ti. [¶42] The Buddha spoke this matter. On this it is said: > Pali: Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṁ iti vuccati: [¶43] “Carefully walking, carefully standing, carefully sitting, carefully lying; a mendicant carefully bends their limbs, and carefully extends them. > Pali: “Yataṁ care yataṁ tiṭṭhe, yataṁ acche yataṁ saye; Yataṁ samiñjaye bhikkhu, yatamenaṁ pasāraye. [¶44] Above, below, all round, as far as the planet extends; they scrutinize the rise and fall of phenomena such as the aggregates. > Pali: Uddhaṁ tiriyaṁ apācīnaṁ, yāvatājagatogati; Samavekkhitā ca dhammānaṁ, khandhānaṁ udayabbayaṁ. [¶45] Meditating diligently like this, peaceful, not restless, training in what leads to serenity of heart, always staying mindful; they call that sort of mendicant ‘always determined’.” > Pali: Evaṁ vihārimātāpiṁ, santavuttimanuddhataṁ; Cetosamathasāmīciṁ, sikkhamānaṁ sadā sataṁ; Satataṁ pahitattoti, āhu bhikkhuṁ tathāvidhan”ti. [¶46] This too is a matter that was spoken by the Blessed One: that is what I heard. > Pali: Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. [¶47] > Pali: Dvādasamaṁ. [¶48] Iti 112 · The World > Pali: Iti 112 · Lokasutta [¶49] The Book of the Fours > Pali: Catukkanipāta [¶50] The Chapter on the Brahmin’s Offering of the Teaching > Pali: Brāhmaṇadhammayāgavagga [¶51] This was said by the Buddha, the Perfected One: that is what I heard. > Pali: Vuttañhetaṁ bhagavatā vuttamarahatāti me sutaṁ: [¶52] “Mendicants, the world has been understood by the Realized One; and he is detached from the world. The origin of the world has been understood by the Realized One; and he has given up the origin of the world. The cessation of the world has been understood by the Realized One; and he has realized the cessation of the world. The practice that leads to the cessation of the world has been understood by the Realized One; and he has developed the practice that leads to the cessation of the world. > Pali: “Loko, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokasmā tathāgato visaṁyutto. Lokasamudayo, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokasamudayo tathāgatassa pahīno. Lokanirodho, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddho, lokanirodho tathāgatassa sacchikato. Lokanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, bhikkhave, tathāgatena abhisambuddhā, lokanirodhagāminī paṭipadā tathāgatassa bhāvitā. [¶53] In this world—with its gods, Māras, and divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, its gods and humans—whatever is seen, heard, thought, known, attained, sought, and explored by the mind, all that has been understood by the Realized One. That’s why he’s called the ‘Realized One’. > Pali: Yaṁ, bhikkhave, sadevakassa lokassa samārakassa sabrahmakassa sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya diṭṭhaṁ sutaṁ mutaṁ viññātaṁ pattaṁ pariyesitaṁ anuvicaritaṁ manasā yasmā taṁ tathāgatena abhisambuddhaṁ, tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccati. [¶54] From the night when the Realized One awakens to the supreme perfect awakening until the night he becomes fully extinguished—in the element of extinguishment with no residue—everything he speaks, says, and expresses is real, not otherwise. That’s why he’s called the ‘Realized One’. > Pali: Yañca, bhikkhave, rattiṁ tathāgato anuttaraṁ sammāsambodhiṁ abhisambujjhati, yañca rattiṁ anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyati, yaṁ etasmiṁ antare bhāsati lapati niddisati, sabbaṁ taṁ tatheva hoti no aññathā, tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccati. [¶55] The Realized One does as he says, and says as he does. Since this is so, that’s why he’s called the ‘Realized One’. > Pali: Yathāvādī, bhikkhave, tathāgato tathākārī, yathākārī tathāvādī, iti yathāvādī tathākārī yathākārī tathāvādī, tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccati. [¶56] In this world—with its gods, Māras, and divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—the Realized One is the vanquisher, the unvanquished, the universal seer, the wielder of power. That’s why he’s called the ‘Realized One’.” > Pali: Sadevake, bhikkhave, loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya tathāgato abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī, tasmā tathāgatoti vuccatī”ti. [¶57] The Buddha spoke this matter. On this it is said: > Pali: Etamatthaṁ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṁ iti vuccati: [¶58] “Directly knowing the whole world as it is, and everything in it, he is detached from the whole world, uninvolved with the whole world. > Pali: “Sabbalokaṁ abhiññāya, sabbaloke yathātathaṁ; Sabbalokavisaṁyutto, sabbaloke anūpayo. [¶59] That attentive one is the vanquisher of all who is released from all ties. He has reached ultimate peace: extinguishment, fearing nothing from any quarter. > Pali: Sa ve sabbābhibhū dhīro, sabbaganthappamocano; Phuṭṭhāssa paramā santi, nibbānaṁ akutobhayaṁ. [¶60] He is the Buddha, with defilements ended, untroubled, with doubts cut off. He has attained the end of all deeds, freed with the ending of attachments. > Pali: Esa khīṇāsavo buddho, anīgho chinnasaṁsayo; Sabbakammakkhayaṁ patto, vimutto upadhisaṅkhaye. [¶61] That Blessed One is the Buddha, he is the supreme lion, in all the world with its gods, he turns the divine wheel. > Pali: Esa so bhagavā buddho, esa sīho anuttaro; Sadevakassa lokassa, brahmacakkaṁ pavattayi. [¶62] And so those gods and humans, who have gone to the Buddha for refuge, come together and revere him, even the deities revere him: > Pali: Iti devā manussā ca, ye buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gatā; Saṅgamma taṁ namassanti, mahantaṁ vītasāradaṁ. [¶63] ‘Tamed, he is the best of tamers, peaceful, he is the seer among the peaceful, liberated, he is the foremost of liberators, crossed over, he is the most excellent of guides across.’ > Pali: Danto damayataṁ seṭṭho, santo samayataṁ isi; Mutto mocayataṁ aggo, tiṇṇo tārayataṁ varo. [¶64] And so they revere him, great of heart and intrepid. In the world with its gods, he has no rival.” > Pali: Iti hetaṁ namassanti, mahantaṁ vītasāradaṁ; Sadevakasmiṁ lokasmiṁ, natthi te paṭipuggalo”ti. [¶65] This too is a matter that was spoken by the Blessed One: that is what I heard. > Pali: Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. [¶66] > Pali: Terasamaṁ. [¶67] > Pali: Catukkanipāto niṭṭhito. [¶68] > Pali: Tassuddānaṁ [¶69] > Pali: Brāhmaṇasulabhā jānaṁ, Samaṇasīlā taṇhā brahmā; Bahukārā kuhapurisā, Cara sampannalokena terasāti. [¶70] > Pali: Suttasaṅgaho [¶71] > Pali: Sattavisekanipātaṁ, Dukkaṁ bāvīsasuttasaṅgahitaṁ; Samapaññāsamathatikaṁ, Terasa catukkañca iti yamidaṁ. [¶72] > Pali: Dvidasuttarasuttasate, Saṅgāyitvā samādahiṁsu purā; Arahanto ciraṭṭhitiyā, Tamāhu nāmena itivuttanti. [¶73] The So it Was Said is finished. > Pali: Itivuttakapāḷi niṭṭhitā.