---
title: "Linked Discourses II: Causation · Saṁyutta Nikāya · Nidānavagga"
author: "The Buddha"
translator: "Bhikkhu Sujato"
languages: [pi, en]
shelf: "Pali Canon"
section: 18 of 35
url: https://scriptura.si/works/pali-samyutta-nikaya-2/18/
cite: "The Buddha, tr. Bhikkhu Sujato, Linked Discourses II: Causation · Saṁyutta Nikāya · Nidānavagga, section 18. Scriptura (scriptura.si), https://scriptura.si/works/pali-samyutta-nikaya-2/18/"
---

# Linked Discourses II: Causation · Saṁyutta Nikāya · Nidānavagga

*The Buddha, tr. Bhikkhu Sujato*

Dependent origination and the chain of causes, the elements, the endless round of rebirth, and the great disciples.

> Pali: the Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka (Buddha Jayanti edition, 2500), from SuttaCentral’s bilara-data, dedicated to the public domain (CC0).

> English: Bhikkhu Sujato, from SuttaCentral’s bilara-data, dedicated to the public domain (CC0). Notes are not included.

> Rows follow the segment numbers the two texts share, gathered into paragraphs; verse keeps its lines.

## 18. Chapter Two · SN 14.11–14.21

Source: https://scriptura.si/works/pali-samyutta-nikaya-2/18/ · cite a paragraph as https://scriptura.si/works/pali-samyutta-nikaya-2/18/#p-N

[¶0] SN 14.11 · Seven Elements

> Pali: SN 14.11 · Sattadhātusutta

[¶1] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati.

[¶2] “Mendicants, there are these seven elements. What seven? The element of luminosity, the element of beauty, the element of the dimension of infinite space, the element of the dimension of infinite consciousness, the element of the dimension of nothingness, the element of the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception, and the element of the cessation of perception and feeling. These are the seven elements.”

> Pali: “Sattimā, bhikkhave, dhātuyo. Katamā satta? Ābhādhātu, subhadhātu, ākāsānañcāyatanadhātu, viññāṇañcāyatanadhātu, ākiñcaññāyatanadhātu, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhātu, saññāvedayitanirodhadhātu— imā kho, bhikkhave, satta dhātuyo”ti.

[¶3] When he said this, one of the mendicants said to the Buddha, “Sir, due to what does each of these elements appear?”

> Pali: Evaṁ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “yā cāyaṁ, bhante, ābhādhātu yā ca subhadhātu yā ca ākāsānañcāyatanadhātu yā ca viññāṇañcāyatanadhātu yā ca ākiñcaññāyatanadhātu yā ca nevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhātu yā ca saññāvedayitanirodhadhātu—imā nu kho, bhante, dhātuyo kiṁ paṭicca paññāyantī”ti?

[¶4] “Mendicant, the element of luminosity appears due to the element of darkness. The element of beauty appears due to the element of ugliness. The element of the dimension of infinite space appears due to the element of form. The element of the dimension of infinite consciousness appears due to the element of the dimension of infinite space. The element of the dimension of nothingness appears due to the element of the dimension of infinite consciousness. The element of the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception appears due to the element of the dimension of nothingness. The element of the cessation of perception and feeling appears due to the element of cessation.”

> Pali: “Yāyaṁ, bhikkhu, ābhādhātu—ayaṁ dhātu andhakāraṁ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṁ, bhikkhu, subhadhātu—ayaṁ dhātu asubhaṁ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṁ, bhikkhu, ākāsānañcāyatanadhātu—ayaṁ dhātu rūpaṁ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṁ, bhikkhu, viññāṇañcāyatanadhātu—ayaṁ dhātu ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṁ, bhikkhu, ākiñcaññāyatanadhātu—ayaṁ dhātu viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṁ, bhikkhu, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhātu—ayaṁ dhātu ākiñcaññāyatanaṁ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṁ, bhikkhu, saññāvedayitanirodhadhātu—ayaṁ dhātu nirodhaṁ paṭicca paññāyatī”ti.

[¶5] “Sir, how is each of these elements to be attained?”

> Pali: “Yā cāyaṁ, bhante, ābhādhātu yā ca subhadhātu yā ca ākāsānañcāyatanadhātu yā ca viññāṇañcāyatanadhātu yā ca ākiñcaññāyatanadhātu yā ca nevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhātu yā ca saññāvedayitanirodhadhātu—imā nu kho, bhante, dhātuyo kathaṁ samāpatti pattabbā”ti?

[¶6] “The elements of light, beauty, the dimension of infinite space, the dimension of infinite consciousness, and the dimension of nothingness are attainments with perception. The element of the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception is an attainment with residual conditioned phenomena. The element of the cessation of perception and feeling is an attainment of cessation.”

> Pali: “Yā cāyaṁ, bhikkhu, ābhādhātu yā ca subhadhātu yā ca ākāsānañcāyatanadhātu yā ca viññāṇañcāyatanadhātu yā ca ākiñcaññāyatanadhātu—imā dhātuyo saññāsamāpatti pattabbā. Yāyaṁ, bhikkhu, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhātu—ayaṁ dhātu saṅkhārāvasesasamāpatti pattabbā. Yāyaṁ, bhikkhu, saññāvedayitanirodhadhātu—ayaṁ dhātu nirodhasamāpatti pattabbā”ti.

[¶7] > Pali: Paṭhamaṁ.

[¶8] SN 14.12 · With a Cause

> Pali: SN 14.12 · Sanidānasutta

[¶9] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati.

[¶10] “Mendicants, sensual, malicious, and cruel thoughts arise for a reason, not without reason.

> Pali: “Sanidānaṁ, bhikkhave, uppajjati kāmavitakko, no anidānaṁ; sanidānaṁ uppajjati byāpādavitakko, no anidānaṁ; sanidānaṁ uppajjati vihiṁsāvitakko, no anidānaṁ.

[¶11] And how do sensual, malicious, and cruel thoughts arise for a reason, not without reason? The element of sensuality gives rise to sensual perceptions. Sensual perceptions give rise to sensual purposes. Sensual purposes give rise to sensual desires. Sensual desires give rise to sensual passions. Sensual passions give rise to searches for sensual pleasures. An unlearned ordinary person on a search for sensual pleasures behaves badly in three ways: by body, speech, and mind.

> Pali: Kathañca, bhikkhave, sanidānaṁ uppajjati kāmavitakko, no anidānaṁ; sanidānaṁ uppajjati byāpādavitakko, no anidānaṁ; sanidānaṁ uppajjati vihiṁsāvitakko, no anidānaṁ? Kāmadhātuṁ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati kāmasaññā, kāmasaññaṁ paṭicca uppajjati kāmasaṅkappo, kāmasaṅkappaṁ paṭicca uppajjati kāmacchando, kāmacchandaṁ paṭicca uppajjati kāmapariḷāho, kāmapariḷāhaṁ paṭicca uppajjati kāmapariyesanā. Kāmapariyesanaṁ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno assutavā puthujjano tīhi ṭhānehi micchā paṭipajjati—kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

[¶12] The element of malice gives rise to malicious perceptions. Malicious perceptions give rise to malicious thoughts. … malicious desires … malicious passions … malicious searches … An unlearned ordinary person on a malicious search behaves badly in three ways: by body, speech, and mind.

> Pali: Byāpādadhātuṁ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati byāpādasaññā, byāpādasaññaṁ paṭicca uppajjati byāpādasaṅkappo …pe… byāpādacchando … byāpādapariḷāho … byāpādapariyesanā … byāpādapariyesanaṁ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno assutavā puthujjano tīhi ṭhānehi micchā paṭipajjati—kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

[¶13] The element of cruelty gives rise to cruel perceptions. Cruel perceptions give rise to cruel purposes. … cruel desires … cruel passions … cruel searches … An unlearned ordinary person on a cruel search behaves badly in three ways: by body, speech, and mind.

> Pali: Vihiṁsādhātuṁ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati vihiṁsāsaññā; vihiṁsāsaññaṁ paṭicca uppajjati vihiṁsāsaṅkappo …pe… vihiṁsāchando … vihiṁsāpariḷāho … vihiṁsāpariyesanā … vihiṁsāpariyesanaṁ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno assutavā puthujjano tīhi ṭhānehi micchā paṭipajjati—kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

[¶14] Suppose a person was to drop a burning torch in a thicket of dry grass. If they don’t quickly extinguish it with their hands and feet, the creatures living in the grass and wood would come to ruin.

> Pali: Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso ādittaṁ tiṇukkaṁ sukkhe tiṇadāye nikkhipeyya; no ce hatthehi ca pādehi ca khippameva nibbāpeyya. Evañhi, bhikkhave, ye tiṇakaṭṭhanissitā pāṇā te anayabyasanaṁ āpajjeyyuṁ.

[¶15] In the same way, a corrupt perception might arise in an ascetic or brahmin. If they don’t quickly give it up, dispel it, eliminate it, and obliterate it, they’ll suffer in the present life, with distress, anguish, and fever. And when the body breaks up, after death, they can expect to be reborn in a bad place.

> Pali: Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo hi koci samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā uppannaṁ visamagataṁ saññaṁ na khippameva pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṁ gameti, so diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṁ viharati savighātaṁ saupāyāsaṁ sapariḷāhaṁ; kāyassa ca bhedā paraṁ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā.

[¶16] Thoughts of renunciation, good will, and harmlessness arise for a reason, not without reason.

> Pali: Sanidānaṁ, bhikkhave, uppajjati nekkhammavitakko, no anidānaṁ; sanidānaṁ uppajjati abyāpādavitakko, no anidānaṁ; sanidānaṁ uppajjati avihiṁsāvitakko, no anidānaṁ.

[¶17] And how do thoughts of renunciation, good will, and harmlessness arise for a reason, not without reason? The element of renunciation gives rise to perceptions of renunciation. Perceptions of renunciation give rise to thoughts of renunciation. The purpose of renunciation give rise to enthusiasm for renunciation. Enthusiasm for renunciation gives rise to passion for renunciation. Fervor for renunciation gives rise to the search for renunciation. A learned noble disciple on a search for renunciation behaves well in three ways: by body, speech, and mind.

> Pali: Kathañca, bhikkhave, sanidānaṁ uppajjati nekkhammavitakko, no anidānaṁ; sanidānaṁ uppajjati abyāpādavitakko, no anidānaṁ; sanidānaṁ uppajjati avihiṁsāvitakko, no anidānaṁ? Nekkhammadhātuṁ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati nekkhammasaññā, nekkhammasaññaṁ paṭicca uppajjati nekkhammasaṅkappo, nekkhammasaṅkappaṁ paṭicca uppajjati nekkhammacchando, nekkhammacchandaṁ paṭicca uppajjati nekkhammapariḷāho, nekkhammapariḷāhaṁ paṭicca uppajjati nekkhammapariyesanā; nekkhammapariyesanaṁ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno sutavā ariyasāvako tīhi ṭhānehi sammā paṭipajjati—kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

[¶18] The element of good will gives rise to perceptions of good will. Perceptions of good will give rise to thoughts of good will. … enthusiasm for good will … passion for good will … the search for good will. A learned noble disciple on a search for good will behaves well in three ways: by body, speech, and mind.

> Pali: Abyāpādadhātuṁ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati abyāpādasaññā, abyāpādasaññaṁ paṭicca uppajjati abyāpādasaṅkappo …pe… abyāpādacchando … abyāpādapariḷāho … abyāpādapariyesanā, abyāpādapariyesanaṁ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno sutavā ariyasāvako tīhi ṭhānehi sammā paṭipajjati—kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

[¶19] The element of harmlessness gives rise to perceptions of harmlessness. Perceptions of harmlessness give rise to thoughts of harmlessness. … enthusiasm for harmlessness … passion for harmlessness … the search for harmlessness. A learned noble disciple on a search for harmlessness behaves well in three ways: by body, speech, and mind.

> Pali: Avihiṁsādhātuṁ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati avihiṁsāsaññā, avihiṁsāsaññaṁ paṭicca uppajjati avihiṁsāsaṅkappo, avihiṁsāsaṅkappaṁ paṭicca uppajjati avihiṁsāchando, avihiṁsāchandaṁ paṭicca uppajjati avihiṁsāpariḷāho, avihiṁsāpariḷāhaṁ paṭicca uppajjati avihiṁsāpariyesanā; avihiṁsāpariyesanaṁ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno sutavā ariyasāvako tīhi ṭhānehi sammā paṭipajjati—kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

[¶20] Suppose a person was to drop a burning torch in a thicket of dry grass. If they were to quickly extinguish it with their hands and feet, the creatures living in the grass and wood wouldn’t come to ruin.

> Pali: Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso ādittaṁ tiṇukkaṁ sukkhe tiṇadāye nikkhipeyya; tamenaṁ hatthehi ca pādehi ca khippameva nibbāpeyya. Evañhi, bhikkhave, ye tiṇakaṭṭhanissitā pāṇā te na anayabyasanaṁ āpajjeyyuṁ.

[¶21] In the same way, a corrupt perception might arise in an ascetic or brahmin. If they quickly give it up, dispel it, eliminate it, and obliterate it, they’ll be happy in the present life, free of distress, anguish, and fever. And when the body breaks up, after death, they can expect to be reborn in a good place.”

> Pali: Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo hi koci samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā uppannaṁ visamagataṁ saññaṁ khippameva pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṁ gameti, so diṭṭhe ceva dhamme sukhaṁ viharati avighātaṁ anupāyāsaṁ apariḷāhaṁ; kāyassa ca bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugati pāṭikaṅkhā”ti.

[¶22] > Pali: Dutiyaṁ.

[¶23] SN 14.13 · In the Brick Hall

> Pali: SN 14.13 · Giñjakāvasathasutta

[¶24] At one time the Buddha was staying at Ñātika in the brick house. There the Buddha addressed the mendicants, “Mendicants!”

> Pali: Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā ñātike viharati giñjakāvasathe. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: “bhikkhavo”ti.

[¶25] “Venerable sir,” they replied. The Buddha said this:

> Pali: “Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ. Bhagavā etadavoca:

[¶26] “Mendicants, an element gives rise to a perception, a view, and a thought.”

> Pali: “Dhātuṁ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati saññā, uppajjati diṭṭhi, uppajjati vitakko”ti.

[¶27] When he said this, Venerable Kaccāna said to the Buddha, “Sir, regarding those who are not fully awakened Buddhas, there is a view that they are in fact fully awakened Buddhas. Due to what does this view appear?”

> Pali: Evaṁ vutte, āyasmā kaccāno bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “yāyaṁ, bhante, diṭṭhi: ‘asammāsambuddhesu sammāsambuddhā’ti, ayaṁ nu kho, bhante, diṭṭhi kiṁ paṭicca paññāyatī”ti?

[¶28] “It’s a mighty thing, Kaccāna, the element of ignorance. An inferior element gives rise to inferior perception, inferior view, inferior thought, inferior intention, inferior aim, inferior wish, an inferior person, and inferior speech. One explains, teaches, asserts, establishes, clarifies, analyzes, and discloses the inferior. I say that their rebirth is inferior.

> Pali: “Mahati kho esā, kaccāna, dhātu yadidaṁ avijjādhātu. Hīnaṁ, kaccāna, dhātuṁ paṭicca uppajjati hīnā saññā, hīnā diṭṭhi, hīno vitakko, hīnā cetanā, hīnā patthanā, hīno paṇidhi, hīno puggalo, hīnā vācā; hīnaṁ ācikkhati deseti paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti; hīnā tassa upapattīti vadāmi.

[¶29] A middling element gives rise to middling perception, middling view, middling thought, middling intention, middling aim, middling wish, a middling person, and middling speech. One explains, teaches, asserts, establishes, clarifies, analyzes, and discloses the middling. I say that their rebirth is middling.

> Pali: Majjhimaṁ, kaccāna, dhātuṁ paṭicca uppajjati majjhimā saññā, majjhimā diṭṭhi, majjhimo vitakko, majjhimā cetanā, majjhimā patthanā, majjhimo paṇidhi, majjhimo puggalo, majjhimā vācā; majjhimaṁ ācikkhati deseti paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti; majjhimā tassa upapattīti vadāmi.

[¶30] A superior element gives rise to superior perception, superior view, superior thought, superior intention, superior aim, superior wish, a superior person, and superior speech. One explains, teaches, asserts, establishes, clarifies, analyzes, and discloses the superior. I say that their rebirth is superior.”

> Pali: Paṇītaṁ, kaccāna, dhātuṁ paṭicca uppajjati paṇītā saññā, paṇītā diṭṭhi, paṇīto vitakko, paṇītā cetanā, paṇītā patthanā, paṇīto paṇidhi, paṇīto puggalo, paṇītā vācā; paṇītaṁ ācikkhati deseti paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti; paṇītā tassa upapattīti vadāmī”ti.

[¶31] > Pali: Tatiyaṁ.

[¶32] SN 14.14 · Inferior Convictions

> Pali: SN 14.14 · Hīnādhimuttikasutta

[¶33] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati.

[¶34] “Mendicants, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have inferior convictions join together and converge with those who have inferior convictions. Those who have good convictions join together and converge with those who have good convictions.

> Pali: “Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti.

[¶35] In the past, too, sentient beings came together and converged because of an element. …

> Pali: Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu.

[¶36] In the future, too, sentient beings will join together and converge because of an element. …

> Pali: Anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandissanti samessanti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandissanti samessanti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandissanti samessanti.

[¶37] At present, too, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have inferior convictions join together and converge with those who have inferior convictions. Those who have good convictions join together and converge with those who have good convictions.”

> Pali: Etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṁ addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samentī”ti.

[¶38] > Pali: Catutthaṁ.

[¶39] SN 14.15 · Walking Together

> Pali: SN 14.15 · Caṅkamasutta

[¶40] At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha, on the Vulture’s Peak Mountain. Now at that time Venerable Sāriputta was walking together with several mendicants not far from the Buddha. Venerable Mahāmoggallāna was doing likewise, as were Venerable Mahākassapa, Venerable Anuruddha, Venerable Puṇṇa son of Mantāṇī, Venerable Upāli, Venerable Ānanda, and Devadatta.

> Pali: Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā sāriputto sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho mahāmoggallāno sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho mahākassapo sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho anuruddho sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho puṇṇo mantāniputto sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho upāli sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho ānando sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; devadattopi kho sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati.

[¶41] Then the Buddha said to the mendicants, “Mendicants, do you see Sāriputta walking together with several mendicants?”

> Pali: Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: “passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, sāriputtaṁ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ caṅkamantan”ti?

[¶42] “Yes, sir.”

> Pali: “Evaṁ, bhante”.

[¶43] “All of those mendicants have great wisdom. Do you see Moggallāna walking together with several mendicants?”

> Pali: “Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū mahāpaññā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, moggallānaṁ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ caṅkamantan”ti?

[¶44] “Yes, sir.”

> Pali: “Evaṁ, bhante”.

[¶45] “All of those mendicants have great psychic power. Do you see Kassapa walking together with several mendicants?”

> Pali: “Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū mahiddhikā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, kassapaṁ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ caṅkamantan”ti?

[¶46] “Yes, sir.”

> Pali: “Evaṁ, bhante”.

[¶47] “All of those mendicants advocate austerities. Do you see Anuruddha walking together with several mendicants?”

> Pali: “Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū dhutavādā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, anuruddhaṁ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ caṅkamantan”ti?

[¶48] “Yes, sir.”

> Pali: “Evaṁ, bhante”.

[¶49] “All of those mendicants have clairvoyance. Do you see Puṇṇa son of Mantāṇī walking together with several mendicants?”

> Pali: “Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū dibbacakkhukā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, puṇṇaṁ mantāniputtaṁ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ caṅkamantan”ti?

[¶50] “Yes, sir.”

> Pali: “Evaṁ, bhante”.

[¶51] “All of those mendicants are Dhamma speakers. Do you see Upāli walking together with several mendicants?”

> Pali: “Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū dhammakathikā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, upāliṁ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ caṅkamantan”ti?

[¶52] “Yes, sir.”

> Pali: “Evaṁ, bhante”.

[¶53] “All of those mendicants are experts in monastic law. Do you see Ānanda walking together with several mendicants?”

> Pali: “Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū vinayadharā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, ānandaṁ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ caṅkamantan”ti?

[¶54] “Yes, sir.”

> Pali: “Evaṁ, bhante”.

[¶55] “All of those mendicants are very learned. Do you see Devadatta walking together with several mendicants?”

> Pali: “Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bahussutā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, devadattaṁ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ caṅkamantan”ti?

[¶56] “Yes, sir.”

> Pali: “Evaṁ, bhante”.

[¶57] “All of those mendicants have corrupt wishes.

> Pali: “Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū pāpicchā.

[¶58] Sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have inferior convictions join together and converge with those who have inferior convictions. Those who have good convictions join together and converge with those who have good convictions.

> Pali: Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti.

[¶59] In the past, in the future, and also in the present, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have inferior convictions join together and converge with those who have inferior convictions. Those who have good convictions join together and converge with those who have good convictions.”

> Pali: Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu. Anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandissanti samessanti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandissanti samessanti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandissanti samessanti. Etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṁ addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samentī”ti.

[¶60] > Pali: Pañcamaṁ.

[¶61] SN 14.16 · With Verses

> Pali: SN 14.16 · Sagāthāsutta

[¶62] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati.

[¶63] “Mendicants, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have inferior convictions join together and converge with those who have inferior convictions. In the past …

> Pali: “Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu.

[¶64] In the future …

> Pali: Anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandissanti samessanti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandissanti samessanti.

[¶65] At present, too, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have inferior convictions join together and converge with those who have inferior convictions.

> Pali: Etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṁ addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti.

[¶66] It’s like how dung joins together with dung, urine with urine, spit with spit, pus with pus, and blood with blood. In the same way, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have inferior convictions join together and converge with those who have inferior convictions. In the past … In the future … At present, too, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have inferior convictions join together and converge with those who have inferior convictions.

> Pali: Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gūtho gūthena saṁsandati sameti; muttaṁ muttena saṁsandati sameti; kheḷo kheḷena saṁsandati sameti; pubbo pubbena saṁsandati sameti; lohitaṁ lohitena saṁsandati sameti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho addhānaṁ …pe… anāgatampi kho addhānaṁ …pe… etarahipi kho paccuppannaṁ addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti.

[¶67] Sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have good convictions join together and converge with those who have good convictions. In the past …

> Pali: Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu. Kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu.

[¶68] In the future … At present, too, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have good convictions join together and converge with those who have good convictions.

> Pali: Anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ …pe… etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṁ addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti.

[¶69] It’s like how milk joins together with milk, oil with oil, ghee with ghee, honey with honey, and molasses with molasses. In the same way, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have good convictions join together and converge with those who have good convictions. In the past … In the future … At present, too, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. Those who have good convictions join together and converge with those who have good convictions.”

> Pali: Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, khīraṁ khīrena saṁsandati sameti; telaṁ telena saṁsandati sameti; sappi sappinā saṁsandati sameti; madhu madhunā saṁsandati sameti; phāṇitaṁ phāṇitena saṁsandati sameti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho addhānaṁ … anāgatampi kho addhānaṁ … etarahipi kho paccuppannaṁ addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samentī”ti.

[¶70] That is what the Buddha said. Then the Holy One, the Teacher, went on to say:

> Pali: Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṁ vatvāna sugato athāparaṁ etadavoca satthā:

[¶71] “Socializing creates a snarl;
they’re cut off by being aloof.
If you’re lost in the middle of a great sea,
and you clamber up on a little log, you’ll sink.

> Pali: “Saṁsaggā vanatho jāto,
asaṁsaggena chijjati;
Parittaṁ dārumāruyha,
yathā sīde mahaṇṇave.

[¶72] So too, a person who lives well
sinks by relying on a lazy person.
Hence you should avoid such
a lazy person who lacks energy.

> Pali: Evaṁ kusītamāgamma,
sādhujīvipi sīdati;
Tasmā taṁ parivajjeyya,
kusītaṁ hīnavīriyaṁ.

[¶73] Dwell with the noble ones
who are secluded and determined
and always energetic;
the astute who practice absorption.”

> Pali: Pavivittehi ariyehi,
pahitattehi jhāyīhi;
Niccaṁ āraddhavīriyehi,
paṇḍitehi sahāvase”ti.

[¶74] > Pali: Chaṭṭhaṁ.

[¶75] SN 14.17 · Faithless

> Pali: SN 14.17 · Assaddhasaṁsandanasutta

[¶76] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati.

[¶77] “Mendicants, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element: the faithless with the faithless, the unconscientious with the unconscientious, the imprudent with the imprudent, the unlearned with the unlearned, the lazy with the lazy, the unmindful with the unmindful, and the witless with the witless.

> Pali: “Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; appassutā appassutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; kusītā kusītehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti.

[¶78] In the past, too, sentient beings came together and converged because of an element. …

> Pali: Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu; anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu; appassutā appassutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu; kusītā kusītehi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu; muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu.

[¶79] In the future, too, sentient beings will join together and converge because of an element. …

> Pali: Anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandissanti samessanti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandissanti samessanti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandissanti samessanti; anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṁ …pe… appassutā appassutehi saddhiṁ …pe… kusītā kusītehi saddhiṁ …pe… muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṁ …pe… duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandissanti samessanti.

[¶80] At present, too, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. …

> Pali: Etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṁ addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṁ …pe… anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṁ …pe… appassutā appassutehi saddhiṁ …pe… kusītā kusītehi saddhiṁ …pe… muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti.

[¶81] Sentient beings join together and converge because of an element: the faithful with the faithful, the conscientious with the conscientious, the prudent with the prudent, the learned with the learned, the energetic with the energetic, the mindful with the mindful, and the wise with the wise. In the past … In the future … At present, too, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. …”

> Pali: Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Saddhā saddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; āraddhavīriyā āraddhavīriyehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; upaṭṭhitassatino upaṭṭhitassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ …pe… anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave …pe… etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṁ addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Saddhā saddhehi saddhiṁ …pe… paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samentī”ti.

[¶82] > Pali: Sattamaṁ.

[¶83] SN 14.18 · Beginning With the Faithless

> Pali: SN 14.18 · Assaddhamūlakasutta

[¶84] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati.

[¶85] “Mendicants, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element: the faithless with the faithless, the unconscientious with the unconscientious, the witless with the witless, the faithful with the faithful, the conscientious with the conscientious, and the wise with the wise. In the past … In the future …

> Pali: “Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandiṁsu samiṁsu …pe… anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandissanti samessanti …pe….

[¶86] At present, too, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element. …

> Pali: Etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṁ addhānaṁ dhātusova sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samentīti.

[¶87] Sentient beings join together and converge because of an element: the faithless with the faithless, the imprudent with the imprudent, the witless with the witless, the faithful with the faithful, the prudent with the prudent, and the wise with the wise.

> Pali: Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti …pe…

[¶88] (The following should be told in full like the first section.)

> Pali: paṭhamavāro viya vitthāretabbo.

[¶89] Sentient beings come together because of an element: the faithless … unlearned … witless … the faithful …

> Pali: Dhātusova, bhikkhave …pe… assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; appassutā appassutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti …pe….

[¶90] Sentient beings come together because of an element: the faithless … lazy … witless. the faithful … energetic … wise.

> Pali: Dhātusova, bhikkhave …pe… assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; kusītā kusītehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; āraddhavīriyā āraddhavīriyehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti …pe….

[¶91] Sentient beings come together because of an element: the faithless … unmindful … witless. the faithful … mindful … wise.”

> Pali: Dhātusova, bhikkhave …pe… assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; upaṭṭhitassatino upaṭṭhitassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samentī”ti …pe….

[¶92] > Pali: Aṭṭhamaṁ.

[¶93] SN 14.19 · Beginning With the Shameless

> Pali: SN 14.19 · Ahirikamūlakasutta

[¶94] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati.

[¶95] “Mendicants, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element: the unconscientious with the unconscientious … imprudent … witless. The conscientious with the conscientious … prudent … wise.

> Pali: “Dhātusova …pe… ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti …pe….

[¶96] … shameless … unlearned … witless. The conscientious with the conscientious … learned … wise.

> Pali: Ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, appassutā appassutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti …pe….

[¶97] … shameless … lazy … witless. The conscientious with the conscientious … energetic … wise.

> Pali: Ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, kusītā kusītehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, āraddhavīriyā āraddhavīriyehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti …pe….

[¶98] … shameless … unmindful … witless. The conscientious with the conscientious … mindful … wise.”

> Pali: Ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, upaṭṭhitassatino upaṭṭhitassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti, paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samentī”ti …pe….

[¶99] > Pali: Navamaṁ.

[¶100] SN 14.20 · Beginning With Imprudence

> Pali: SN 14.20 · Anottappamūlakasutta

[¶101] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati.

[¶102] “Mendicants, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element: the imprudent with the imprudent … unlearned … witless. The prudent with the prudent … learned … wise.

> Pali: “Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; appassutā appassutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti …pe….

[¶103] … the imprudent with the imprudent … lazy … witless. The prudent with the prudent … energetic … wise.

> Pali: Anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; kusītā kusītehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; āraddhavīriyā āraddhavīriyehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti …pe….

[¶104] … the imprudent with the imprudent … unmindful … witless. The prudent with the prudent … mindful … wise.”

> Pali: Anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; upaṭṭhitassatino upaṭṭhitassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samentī”ti …pe….

[¶105] > Pali: Dasamaṁ.

[¶106] SN 14.21 · Beginning With the Unlearned

> Pali: SN 14.21 · Appassutamūlakasutta

[¶107] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthiyaṁ viharati.

[¶108] “Mendicants, sentient beings join together and converge because of an element: the unlearned with the unlearned … lazy … witless. The learned with the learned … energetic … wise.

> Pali: “Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṁsandanti samenti. Appassutā appassutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; kusītā kusītehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; āraddhavīriyā āraddhavīriyehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti …pe….

[¶109] … the unlearned with the unlearned … unmindful … witless. The learned with the learned … mindful … wise.”

> Pali: Appassutā appassutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; upaṭṭhitassatino upaṭṭhitassatīhi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samentī”ti …pe….

[¶110] > Pali: Ekādasamaṁ.