Nakula’s Father · SN 22.1–22.6

SN 22.1 · Nakula’s Father

SN 22.1 · Nakulapitusutta

So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying in the land of the Bhaggas at Crocodile’s Bellow, in the deer park at Bhesakaḷā’s Wood.

Evaṁ me sutaṁ— ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā bhaggesu viharati susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye.

Then the householder Nakula’s father went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him:

Atha kho nakulapitā gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho nakulapitā gahapati bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

“Sir, I’m an old man, elderly and senior. I’m advanced in years and have reached the final stage of life. My body is ailing and I’m constantly unwell. I hardly ever get to see the esteemed mendicants. May the Buddha please advise me and instruct me. It will be for my lasting welfare and happiness.”

“Ahamasmi, bhante, jiṇṇo vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayoanuppatto āturakāyo abhikkhaṇātaṅko. Aniccadassāvī kho panāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavato manobhāvanīyānañca bhikkhūnaṁ. Ovadatu maṁ, bhante, bhagavā; anusāsatu maṁ, bhante, bhagavā; yaṁ mamassa dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāyā”ti.

“That’s so true, householder! That’s so true, householder! For this body is ailing, swaddled in its shell. If anyone dragging around this body claimed to be healthy even for an hour, what is that but foolishness?

“Evametaṁ, gahapati, evametaṁ, gahapati. Āturo hāyaṁ, gahapati, kāyo aṇḍabhūto pariyonaddho. Yo hi, gahapati, imaṁ kāyaṁ pariharanto muhuttampi ārogyaṁ paṭijāneyya, kimaññatra bālyā?

So you should train like this: ‘Though my body is ailing, my mind will be healthy.’ That’s how you should train.”

Tasmātiha te, gahapati, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ: ‘āturakāyassa me sato cittaṁ anāturaṁ bhavissatī’ti. Evañhi te, gahapati, sikkhitabban”ti.

And then the householder Nakula’s father approved and agreed with what the Buddha said. He got up from his seat, bowed and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on his right. Then he went up to Venerable Sāriputta, bowed, and sat down to one side. Sāriputta said to him:

Atha kho nakulapitā gahapati bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho nakulapitaraṁ gahapatiṁ āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca:

“Householder, your faculties are so very clear, and your complexion is pure and bright. Did you get to hear a Dhamma talk in the Buddha’s presence today?”

“vippasannāni kho te, gahapati, indriyāni; parisuddho mukhavaṇṇo pariyodāto. Alattha no ajja bhagavato sammukhā dhammiṁ kathaṁ savanāyā”ti?

“What else, sir, could it be? Just now the Buddha anointed me with the deathless ambrosia of a Dhamma talk.”

“Kathañhi no siyā, bhante. Idānāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya amatena abhisitto”ti.

“But with what kind of ambrosial Dhamma talk did the Buddha anoint you?”

“Yathā kathaṁ pana tvaṁ, gahapati, bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya amatena abhisitto”ti?

So Nakula’s father told Sāriputta all that had happened, and said, “That’s the ambrosial Dhamma talk with which I was anointed by the Buddha.”

“Idhāhaṁ, bhante, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁ. Ekamantaṁ nisinno khvāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavantaṁ etadavocaṁ: ‘ahamasmi, bhante, jiṇṇo vuḍḍho mahallako addhagato vayoanuppatto āturakāyo abhikkhaṇātaṅko. Aniccadassāvī kho panāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavato manobhāvanīyānañca bhikkhūnaṁ. Ovadatu maṁ, bhante, bhagavā; anusāsatu maṁ, bhante, bhagavā; yaṁ mamassa dīgharattaṁ hitāya sukhāyā’ti. Evaṁ vutte, maṁ, bhante, bhagavā etadavoca: ‘evametaṁ, gahapati, evametaṁ, gahapati. Āturo hāyaṁ, gahapati, kāyo aṇḍabhūto pariyonaddho. Yo hi, gahapati, imaṁ kāyaṁ pariharanto muhuttampi ārogyaṁ paṭijāneyya, kimaññatra bālyā? Tasmātiha te, gahapati, evaṁ sikkhitabbaṁ— āturakāyassa me sato cittaṁ anāturaṁ bhavissatīti. Evañhi te, gahapati, sikkhitabban’ti. Evaṁ khvāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya amatena abhisitto”ti.

“But didn’t you feel the need to ask the Buddha the further question: ‘Sir, how do you define someone ailing in body and ailing in mind, and someone ailing in body and healthy in mind’?”

“Na hi pana taṁ, gahapati, paṭibhāsi bhagavantaṁ uttariṁ paṭipucchituṁ: ‘kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, āturakāyo ceva hoti āturacitto ca, kittāvatā ca pana āturakāyo hi kho hoti no ca āturacitto’”ti?

“Sir, we would travel a long way to learn the meaning of this statement in the presence of Venerable Sāriputta. May Venerable Sāriputta himself please clarify the meaning of this.”

“Dūratopi kho mayaṁ, bhante, āgaccheyyāma āyasmato sāriputtassa santike etassa bhāsitassa atthamaññātuṁ. Sādhu vatāyasmantaṁyeva sāriputtaṁ paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho”ti.

“Well then, householder, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”

“Tena hi, gahapati, suṇāhi, sādhukaṁ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī”ti.

“Yes, sir,” replied Nakula’s father. Sāriputta said this:

“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho nakulapitā gahapati āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosi. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca:

“And how is one ailing in body and ailing in mind? It’s when an unlearned ordinary person has not seen the noble ones, and is neither skilled nor trained in the qualities of a noble one. They’ve not seen true persons, and are neither skilled nor trained in the qualities of a true person. They regard form as self, self as having form, form in self, or self in form. They’re obsessed with the thought: ‘I am form, form is mine!’ But that form of theirs decays and perishes, which gives rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress.

“Kathañca, gahapati, āturakāyo ceva hoti, āturacitto ca? Idha, gahapati, assutavā puthujjano ariyānaṁ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto sappurisānaṁ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṁ attato samanupassati, rūpavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; attani vā rūpaṁ, rūpasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. ‘Ahaṁ rūpaṁ, mama rūpan’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṁ rūpaṁ, mama rūpan’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino taṁ rūpaṁ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.

They regard feeling as self, self as having feeling, feeling in self, or self in feeling. They’re obsessed with the thought: ‘I am feeling, feeling is mine!’ But that feeling of theirs decays and perishes, which gives rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress.

Vedanaṁ attato samanupassati, vedanāvantaṁ vā attānaṁ; attani vā vedanaṁ, vedanāya vā attānaṁ. ‘Ahaṁ vedanā, mama vedanā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṁ vedanā, mama vedanā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, sā vedanā vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa vedanāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.

They regard perception as self, self as having perception, perception in self, or self in perception. They’re obsessed with the thought: ‘I am perception, perception is mine!’ But that perception of theirs decays and perishes, which gives rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress.

Saññaṁ attato samanupassati, saññāvantaṁ vā attānaṁ; attani vā saññaṁ, saññāya vā attānaṁ. ‘Ahaṁ saññā, mama saññā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṁ saññā, mama saññā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, sā saññā vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa saññāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.

They regard choices as self, self as having choices, choices in self, or self in choices. They’re obsessed with the thought: ‘I am choices, choices are mine!’ But those choices of theirs decay and perish, which gives rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress.

Saṅkhāre attato samanupassati, saṅkhāravantaṁ vā attānaṁ; attani vā saṅkhāre, saṅkhāresu vā attānaṁ. ‘Ahaṁ saṅkhārā, mama saṅkhārā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṁ saṅkhārā, mama saṅkhārā’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, te saṅkhārā vipariṇamanti aññathā honti. Tassa saṅkhāravipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.

They regard consciousness as self, self as having consciousness, consciousness in self, or self in consciousness. They’re obsessed with the thought: ‘I am consciousness, consciousness is mine!’ But that consciousness of theirs decays and perishes, which gives rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress.

Viññāṇaṁ attato samanupassati, viññāṇavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; attani vā viññāṇaṁ, viññāṇasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. ‘Ahaṁ viññāṇaṁ, mama viññāṇan’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṁ viññāṇaṁ, mama viññāṇan’ti pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, taṁ viññāṇaṁ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.

That’s how one is ailing in body and ailing in mind.

Evaṁ kho, gahapati, āturakāyo ceva hoti āturacitto ca.

And how is one ailing in body and healthy in mind? It’s when a learned noble disciple has seen the noble ones, and is skilled and trained in the teaching of the noble ones. They’ve seen true persons, and are skilled and trained in the teaching of the true persons. They don’t regard form as self, self as having form, form in self, or self in form. They’re not obsessed with the thought: ‘I am form, form is mine!’ So when that form of theirs decays and perishes, it doesn’t give rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress.

Kathañca, gahapati, āturakāyo hi kho hoti no ca āturacitto? Idha, gahapati, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyānaṁ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto sappurisānaṁ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṁ attato samanupassati, na rūpavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; na attani vā rūpaṁ, na rūpasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. ‘Ahaṁ rūpaṁ, mama rūpan’ti na pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṁ rūpaṁ, mama rūpan’ti apariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, taṁ rūpaṁ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.

They don’t regard feeling as self, self as having feeling, feeling in self, or self in feeling. They’re not obsessed with the thought: ‘I am feeling, feeling is mine!’ So when that feeling of theirs decays and perishes, it doesn’t give rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress.

Na vedanaṁ attato samanupassati, na vedanāvantaṁ vā attānaṁ; na attani vā vedanaṁ, na vedanāya vā attānaṁ. ‘Ahaṁ vedanā, mama vedanā’ti na pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṁ vedanā, mama vedanā’ti apariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, sā vedanā vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa vedanāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.

They don’t regard perception as self, self as having perception, perception in self, or self in perception. They’re not obsessed with the thought: ‘I am perception, perception is mine!’ So when that perception of theirs decays and perishes, it doesn’t give rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress.

Na saññaṁ attato samanupassati, na saññāvantaṁ vā attānaṁ; na attani vā saññaṁ, na saññāya vā attānaṁ. ‘Ahaṁ saññā, mama saññā’ti na pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṁ saññā, mama saññā’ti apariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, sā saññā vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa saññāvipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.

They don’t regard choices as self, self as having choices, choices in self, or self in choices. They’re not obsessed with the thought: ‘I am choices, choices are mine!’ So when those choices of theirs decay and perish, it doesn’t give rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress.

Na saṅkhāre attato samanupassati, na saṅkhāravantaṁ vā attānaṁ; na attani vā saṅkhāre, na saṅkhāresu vā attānaṁ. ‘Ahaṁ saṅkhārā, mama saṅkhārā’ti na pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṁ saṅkhārā, mama saṅkhārā’ti apariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, te saṅkhārā vipariṇamanti aññathā honti. Tassa saṅkhāravipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.

They don’t regard consciousness as self, self as having consciousness, consciousness in self, or self in consciousness. They’re not obsessed with the thought: ‘I am consciousness, consciousness is mine!’ So when that consciousness of theirs decays and perishes, it doesn’t give rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress.

Na viññāṇaṁ attato samanupassati, na viññāṇavantaṁ vā attānaṁ; na attani vā viññāṇaṁ, na viññāṇasmiṁ vā attānaṁ. ‘Ahaṁ viññāṇaṁ, mama viññāṇan’ti na pariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyī hoti. Tassa ‘ahaṁ viññāṇaṁ, mama viññāṇan’ti apariyuṭṭhaṭṭhāyino, taṁ viññāṇaṁ vipariṇamati aññathā hoti. Tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā.

That’s how an individual is ailing in body and healthy in mind.”

Evaṁ kho, gahapati, āturakāyo hoti no ca āturacitto”ti.

That is what Venerable Sāriputta said. Satisfied, Nakula’s father approved what Sāriputta said.

Idamavoca āyasmā sāriputto. Attamano nakulapitā gahapati āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṁ abhinandīti.

SN 22.2 · At Devadaha

SN 22.2 · Devadahasutta

So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying in the land of the Sakyans, where they have a town named Devadaha.

Evaṁ me sutaṁ— ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sakkesu viharati devadahaṁ nāma sakyānaṁ nigamo.

Then several mendicants who were heading for the west went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him, “Sir, we wish to go to a western land to take up residence there.”

Atha kho sambahulā pacchābhūmagamikā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ: “icchāma mayaṁ, bhante, pacchābhūmaṁ janapadaṁ gantuṁ, pacchābhūme janapade nivāsaṁ kappetun”ti.

“But mendicants, have you taken leave of Sāriputta?”

“Apalokito pana vo, bhikkhave, sāriputto”ti?

“No, sir, we haven’t.”

“Na kho no, bhante, apalokito āyasmā sāriputto”ti.

“You should take leave of Sāriputta. He’s astute, and supports his spiritual companions, the mendicants.”

“Apaloketha, bhikkhave, sāriputtaṁ. Sāriputto, bhikkhave, paṇḍito, bhikkhūnaṁ anuggāhako sabrahmacārīnan”ti.

“Yes, sir,” they replied.

“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ.

Now at that time Venerable Sāriputta was sitting not far from the Buddha in a clump of golden shower trees. And then those mendicants approved and agreed with what the Buddha said. They got up from their seat, bowed and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on their right. Then they went up to Venerable Sāriputta, and exchanged greetings with him.

Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato avidūre aññatarasmiṁ eḷagalāgumbe nisinno hoti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu.

When the greetings and polite conversation were over, they sat down to one side and said to him, “Reverend Sāriputta, we wish to go to a western land to take up residence there. We have taken leave of the Teacher.”

Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ etadavocuṁ: “icchāma mayaṁ, āvuso sāriputta, pacchābhūmaṁ janapadaṁ gantuṁ, pacchābhūme janapade nivāsaṁ kappetuṁ. Apalokito no satthā”ti.

“Reverends, there are those who question a mendicant who has gone abroad— astute aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and ascetics— for astute people are inquisitive: ‘But what does the venerables’ Teacher teach? What does he explain?’ I trust the venerables have properly heard, learned, applied the mind, and remembered the teachings, and penetrated them with wisdom. That way, when answering you will repeat what the Buddha has said and not misrepresent him with an untruth. You will explain in line with the teaching, with no legitimate grounds for rebuttal and criticism.”

“Santi hāvuso, nānāverajjagataṁ bhikkhuṁ pañhaṁ pucchitāro— khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi. Paṇḍitā hāvuso, manussā vīmaṁsakā: ‘kiṁvādī panāyasmantānaṁ satthā kimakkhāyī’ti, kacci vo āyasmantānaṁ dhammā sussutā suggahitā sumanasikatā sūpadhāritā suppaṭividdhā paññāya, yathā byākaramānā āyasmanto vuttavādino ceva bhagavato assatha, na ca bhagavantaṁ abhūtena abbhācikkheyyātha, dhammassa cānudhammaṁ byākareyyātha, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṁ ṭhānaṁ āgaccheyyā”ti?

“Reverend, we would travel a long way to learn the meaning of this statement in the presence of Venerable Sāriputta. May Venerable Sāriputta himself please clarify the meaning of this.”

“Dūratopi kho mayaṁ, āvuso, āgaccheyyāma āyasmato sāriputtassa santike etassa bhāsitassa atthamaññātuṁ. Sādhu vatāyasmantaṁyeva sāriputtaṁ paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho”ti.

“Well then, reverends, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.”

“Tena hāvuso, suṇātha, sādhukaṁ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti.

“Yes, reverend,” they replied. Sāriputta said this:

“Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṁ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca:

“Reverends, there are those who question a mendicant who has gone abroad— astute aristocrats, brahmins, householders, and ascetics— for astute people are inquisitive: ‘But what does the venerables’ Teacher teach? What does he explain?’ When questioned like this, reverends, you should answer: ‘Reverend, our Teacher explained the removal of desire and lust.’

“Santi hāvuso, nānāverajjagataṁ bhikkhuṁ pañhaṁ pucchitāro— khattiyapaṇḍitāpi …pe… samaṇapaṇḍitāpi. Paṇḍitā hāvuso, manussā vīmaṁsakā: ‘kiṁvādī panāyasmantānaṁ satthā kimakkhāyī’ti? Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, āvuso, evaṁ byākareyyātha: ‘chandarāgavinayakkhāyī kho no, āvuso, satthā’ti.

When you answer like this, such astute people may inquire further: ‘But regarding what does the venerables’ teacher explain the removal of desire and lust?’ When questioned like this, reverends, you should answer: ‘Our teacher explains the removal of desire and lust for form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness.’

Evaṁ byākatepi kho, āvuso, assuyeva uttariṁ pañhaṁ pucchitāro— khattiyapaṇḍitāpi …pe… samaṇapaṇḍitāpi. Paṇḍitā hāvuso, manussā vīmaṁsakā: ‘kismiṁ panāyasmantānaṁ chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’ti? Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, āvuso, evaṁ byākareyyātha: ‘rūpe kho, āvuso, chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā, vedanāya … saññāya … saṅkhāresu … viññāṇe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’ti.

When you answer like this, such astute people may inquire further: ‘But what drawback has he seen that he teaches the removal of desire and lust for form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness?’ When questioned like this, reverends, you should answer: ‘If you’re not free of greed, desire, fondness, thirst, passion, and craving for form, when that form decays and perishes it gives rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. If you’re not free of greed, desire, fondness, thirst, passion, and craving for feeling … perception … choices … consciousness, when that consciousness decays and perishes it gives rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. This is the drawback our Teacher has seen that he teaches the removal of desire and lust for form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness.’

Evaṁ byākatepi kho, āvuso, assuyeva uttariṁ pañhaṁ pucchitāro— khattiyapaṇḍitāpi …pe… samaṇapaṇḍitāpi. Paṇḍitā hāvuso, manussā vīmaṁsakā: ‘kiṁ panāyasmantānaṁ ādīnavaṁ disvā rūpe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā, vedanāya … saññāya … saṅkhāresu … viññāṇe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’ti? Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, āvuso, evaṁ byākareyyātha: ‘rūpe kho, āvuso, avigatarāgassa avigatacchandassa avigatapemassa avigatapipāsassa avigatapariḷāhassa avigatataṇhassa tassa rūpassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Vedanāya … saññāya … saṅkhāresu avigatarāgassa …pe… avigatataṇhassa tesaṁ saṅkhārānaṁ vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Viññāṇe avigatarāgassa avigatacchandassa avigatapemassa avigatapipāsassa avigatapariḷāhassa avigatataṇhassa tassa viññāṇassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Idaṁ kho no, āvuso, ādīnavaṁ disvā rūpe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā, vedanāya … saññāya … saṅkhāresu … viññāṇe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’ti.

When you answer like this, such astute people may inquire further: ‘But what benefit has he seen that he teaches the removal of desire and lust for form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness?’ When questioned like this, reverends, you should answer: ‘If you are rid of greed, desire, fondness, thirst, passion, and craving for form, when that form decays and perishes it doesn’t give rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. If you are rid of greed, desire, fondness, thirst, passion, and craving for feeling … perception … choices … consciousness, when that consciousness decays and perishes it doesn’t give rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. This is the benefit our Teacher has seen that he teaches the removal of desire and lust for form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness.’

Evaṁ byākatepi kho, āvuso, assuyeva uttariṁ pañhaṁ pucchitāro— khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi. Paṇḍitā hāvuso, manussā vīmaṁsakā: ‘kiṁ panāyasmantānaṁ ānisaṁsaṁ disvā rūpe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā, vedanāya … saññāya … saṅkhāresu … viññāṇe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’ti? Evaṁ puṭṭhā tumhe, āvuso, evaṁ byākareyyātha: ‘rūpe kho, āvuso, vigatarāgassa vigatacchandassa vigatapemassa vigatapipāsassa vigatapariḷāhassa vigatataṇhassa tassa rūpassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Vedanāya … saññāya … saṅkhāresu vigatarāgassa vigatacchandassa vigatapemassa vigatapipāsassa vigatapariḷāhassa vigatataṇhassa tesaṁ saṅkhārānaṁ vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Viññāṇe vigatarāgassa vigatacchandassa vigatapemassa vigatapipāsassa vigatapariḷāhassa vigatataṇhassa tassa viññāṇassa vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjanti sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā. Idaṁ kho no, āvuso, ānisaṁsaṁ disvā rūpe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā, vedanāya … saññāya … saṅkhāresu … viññāṇe chandarāgavinayakkhāyī satthā’ti.

If those who acquired and kept unskillful qualities were to live happily in the present life, free of distress, anguish, and fever; and if, when their body breaks up, after death, they could expect to go to a good place, the Buddha would not praise giving up unskillful qualities. But since those who acquire and keep unskillful qualities live unhappily in the present life, full of distress, anguish, and fever; and since, when their body breaks up, after death, they can expect to go to a bad place, the Buddha praises giving up unskillful qualities.

Akusale cāvuso, dhamme upasampajja viharato diṭṭhe ceva dhamme sukho vihāro abhavissa avighāto anupāyāso apariḷāho, kāyassa ca bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugati pāṭikaṅkhā, nayidaṁ bhagavā akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānaṁ vaṇṇeyya. Yasmā ca kho, āvuso, akusale dhamme upasampajja viharato diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkho vihāro savighāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho, kāyassa ca bhedā paraṁ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā, tasmā bhagavā akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānaṁ vaṇṇeti.

If those who embraced and kept skillful qualities were to live unhappily in the present life, full of distress, anguish, and fever; and if, when their body breaks up, after death, they could expect to go to a bad place, the Buddha would not praise embracing skillful qualities. But since those who embrace and keep skillful qualities live happily in the present life, free of distress, anguish, and fever; and since, when their body breaks up, after death, they can expect to go to a good place, the Buddha praises embracing skillful qualities.”

Kusale cāvuso, dhamme upasampajja viharato diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkho vihāro abhavissa savighāto saupāyāso sapariḷāho, kāyassa ca bhedā paraṁ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā, nayidaṁ bhagavā kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ upasampadaṁ vaṇṇeyya. Yasmā ca kho, āvuso, kusale dhamme upasampajja viharato diṭṭhe ceva dhamme sukho vihāro avighāto anupāyāso apariḷāho, kāyassa ca bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugati pāṭikaṅkhā, tasmā bhagavā kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ upasampadaṁ vaṇṇetī”ti.

That is what Venerable Sāriputta said. Satisfied, the mendicants approved what Sāriputta said.

Idamavocāyasmā sāriputto. Attamanā te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.

SN 22.3 · With Hāliddikāni

SN 22.3 · Hāliddikānisutta

So I have heard. At one time Venerable Mahākaccāna was staying in the land of the Avantis near Kuraraghara on Steep Mountain.

Evaṁ me sutaṁ— ekaṁ samayaṁ āyasmā mahākaccāno avantīsu viharati kuraraghare papāte pabbate.

Then the householder Hāliddikāni went up to Venerable Mahākaccāna, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him, “Sir, this was said by the Buddha in the Chapter of the Eights, in ‘The Questions of Māgandiya’:

Atha kho hāliddikāni gahapati yenāyasmā mahākaccāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ mahākaccānaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho hāliddikāni gahapati āyasmantaṁ mahākaccānaṁ etadavoca: “vuttamidaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā aṭṭhakavaggiye māgaṇḍiyapañhe:

‘After leaving their bastion to migrate without abode,a sage doesn’t get close to anyone in town.Rid of sensual pleasures, not expecting,they wouldn’t get in arguments with people.’

‘Okaṁ pahāya aniketasārī,Gāme akubbaṁ muni santhavāni;Kāmehi ritto apurakkharāno,Kathaṁ na viggayha janena kayirā’ti.

How should we see the detailed meaning of the Buddha’s brief statement?”

Imassa nu kho, bhante, bhagavatā saṅkhittena bhāsitassa kathaṁ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo”ti?

“Householder, the form element is a bastion for consciousness. One whose consciousness is shackled by greed for the form element is called a migrant going from bastion to bastion. The feeling element is a bastion for consciousness. One whose consciousness is shackled to greed for the feeling element is called a migrant going from bastion to bastion. The perception element is a bastion for consciousness. One whose consciousness is shackled to greed for the perception element is called a migrant going from bastion to bastion. The choices element is a bastion for consciousness. One whose consciousness is shackled to greed for the choices element is called a migrant going from bastion to bastion. That’s how one is a migrant going from bastion to bastion.

“Rūpadhātu kho, gahapati, viññāṇassa oko. Rūpadhāturāgavinibandhañca pana viññāṇaṁ ‘okasārī’ti vuccati. Vedanādhātu kho, gahapati, viññāṇassa oko. Vedanādhāturāgavinibandhañca pana viññāṇaṁ ‘okasārī’ti vuccati. Saññādhātu kho, gahapati, viññāṇassa oko. Saññādhāturāgavinibandhañca pana viññāṇaṁ ‘okasārī’ti vuccati. Saṅkhāradhātu kho, gahapati, viññāṇassa oko. Saṅkhāradhāturāgavinibandhañca pana viññāṇaṁ ‘okasārī’ti vuccati. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, okasārī hoti.

And how is one a migrant with no bastion? The Realized One has given up any desire, greed, relishing, and craving for the form element; any attraction, grasping, mental fixation, insistence, and underlying tendencies. He has cut it off at the root, made it like a palm stump, obliterated it, so it’s unable to arise in the future. That’s why the Realized One is called a migrant with no bastion. The Realized One has given up any desire, greed, relishing, and craving for the feeling element … the perception element … the choices element … the consciousness element; any attraction, grasping, mental fixation, insistence, and underlying tendencies. He has cut it off at the root, made it like a palm stump, obliterated it, so it’s unable to arise in the future. That’s why the Realized One is called a migrant with no bastion. That’s how one is a migrant with no bastion.

Kathañca, gahapati, anokasārī hoti? Rūpadhātuyā kho, gahapati, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye upayupādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā te tathāgatassa pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā. Tasmā tathāgato ‘anokasārī’ti vuccati. Vedanādhātuyā kho, gahapati … saññādhātuyā kho, gahapati … saṅkhāradhātuyā kho, gahapati … viññāṇadhātuyā kho, gahapati, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye upayupādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā te tathāgatassa pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā. Tasmā tathāgato ‘anokasārī’ti vuccati. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, anokasārī hoti.

And how is one a migrant going from abode to abode? Shackled to chasing the abodes that are the features of sights, one is called a migrant going from abode to abode. Shackled to chasing the abodes that are the features of sounds … smells … tastes … touches … thoughts, one is called a migrant going from abode to abode. That’s how one is a migrant going from abode to abode.

Kathañca, gahapati, niketasārī hoti? Rūpanimittaniketavisāravinibandhā kho, gahapati, ‘niketasārī’ti vuccati. Saddanimitta …pe… gandhanimitta … rasanimitta … phoṭṭhabbanimitta … dhammanimittaniketavisāravinibandhā kho, gahapati, ‘niketasārī’ti vuccati. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, niketasārī hoti.

And how is one a migrant without abode? The Realized One has given up being shackled to chasing the abodes that are the features of sights. He has cut it off at the root, made it like a palm stump, obliterated it, so it’s unable to arise in the future. That’s why the Realized One is called a migrant without abode. The Realized One has given up being shackled to chasing the abodes that are the features of sounds … smells … tastes … touches … ideas. He has cut it off at the root, made it like a palm stump, obliterated it, so it’s unable to arise in the future. That’s why the Realized One is called a migrant without abode. That’s how one is a migrant without abode.

Kathañca, gahapati, aniketasārī hoti? Rūpanimittaniketavisāravinibandhā kho, gahapati, tathāgatassa pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā. Tasmā tathāgato ‘aniketasārī’ti vuccati. Saddanimitta … gandhanimitta … rasanimitta … phoṭṭhabbanimitta … dhammanimittaniketavisāravinibandhā kho, gahapati, tathāgatassa pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā. Tasmā tathāgato ‘aniketasārī’ti vuccati. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, aniketasārī hoti.

And how does one get close to people in town? It’s when someone mixes closely with laypeople, sharing their joys and sorrows—happy when they’re happy and sad when they’re sad—and getting themselves involved in their business. That’s how one gets close to people in town.

Kathañca, gahapati, gāme santhavajāto hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekacco gihīhi saṁsaṭṭho viharati sahanandī sahasokī, sukhitesu sukhito, dukkhitesu dukkhito, uppannesu kiccakaraṇīyesu attanā tesu yogaṁ āpajjati. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, gāme santhavajāto hoti.

And how does one not get close to people in town? It’s when a mendicant doesn’t mix closely with laypeople, not sharing their joys and sorrows—not happy when they’re happy or sad when they’re sad—and not getting themselves involved in their business. That’s how one doesn’t get close to people in town.

Kathañca, gahapati, gāme na santhavajāto hoti? Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu gihīhi asaṁsaṭṭho viharati na sahanandī na sahasokī na sukhitesu sukhito na dukkhitesu dukkhito, uppannesu kiccakaraṇīyesu na attanā tesu yogaṁ āpajjati. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, gāme na santhavajāto hoti.

And how is one not rid of sensual pleasures? It’s when someone isn’t rid of greed, desire, fondness, thirst, passion, and craving for sensual pleasures. That’s how one is not rid of sensual pleasures.

Kathañca, gahapati, kāmehi aritto hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekacco kāmesu avigatarāgo hoti avigatacchando avigatapemo avigatapipāso avigatapariḷāho avigatataṇho. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, kāmehi aritto hoti.

And how is one rid of sensual pleasures? It’s when someone is rid of greed, desire, fondness, thirst, passion, and craving for sensual pleasures. That’s how one is rid of sensual pleasures.

Kathañca, gahapati, kāmehi ritto hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekacco kāmesu vigatarāgo hoti vigatacchando vigatapemo vigatapipāso vigatapariḷāho vigatataṇho. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, kāmehi ritto hoti.

And how is one expecting? It’s when someone thinks: ‘In the future, may I be of such form, such feeling, such perception, such choices, and such consciousness!’ That’s how one is expecting.

Kathañca, gahapati, purakkharāno hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekaccassa evaṁ hoti: ‘evaṁrūpo siyaṁ anāgatamaddhānaṁ, evaṁvedano siyaṁ anāgatamaddhānaṁ, evaṁsañño siyaṁ anāgatamaddhānaṁ, evaṁsaṅkhāro siyaṁ anāgatamaddhānaṁ, evaṁviññāṇo siyaṁ anāgatamaddhānan’ti. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, purakkharāno hoti.

And how is one not expecting? It’s when someone doesn’t think: ‘In the future, may I be of such form, such feeling, such perception, such choices, and such consciousness!’ That’s how one is not expecting.

Kathañca, gahapati, apurakkharāno hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekaccassa na evaṁ hoti: ‘evaṁrūpo siyaṁ anāgatamaddhānaṁ, evaṁvedano siyaṁ anāgatamaddhānaṁ, evaṁsañño siyaṁ anāgatamaddhānaṁ, evaṁsaṅkhāro siyaṁ anāgatamaddhānaṁ, evaṁviññāṇo siyaṁ anāgatamaddhānan’ti. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, apurakkharāno hoti.

And how does one argue with people? It’s when someone takes part in this sort of discussion: ‘You don’t understand this teaching and training. I understand this teaching and training. What, you understand this teaching and training? You’re practicing wrong. I’m practicing right. You said last what you should have said first. You said first what you should have said last. I stay on topic, you don’t. What you’ve thought so much about has been disproved. Your doctrine is refuted. Go on, save your doctrine! You’re trapped; get yourself out of this—if you can!’ That’s how one argues with people.

Kathañca, gahapati, kathaṁ viggayha janena kattā hoti? Idha, gahapati, ekacco evarūpiṁ kathaṁ kattā hoti: ‘na tvaṁ imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ ājānāsi; ahaṁ imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ ājānāmi. Kiṁ tvaṁ imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ ājānissasi? Micchāpaṭipanno tvamasi; ahamasmi sammāpaṭipanno. Pure vacanīyaṁ pacchā avaca; pacchā vacanīyaṁ pure avaca. Sahitaṁ me, asahitaṁ te. Adhiciṇṇaṁ te viparāvattaṁ. Āropito te vādo; cara vādappamokkhāya. Niggahitosi; nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī’ti. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, kathaṁ viggayha janena kattā hoti.

And how does one not argue with people? It’s when a mendicant doesn’t take part in this sort of discussion: ‘You don’t understand this teaching and training … get yourself out of this—if you can!’ That’s how one doesn’t argue with people.

Kathañca, gahapati, kathaṁ na viggayha janena kattā hoti? Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu na evarūpiṁ kathaṁ kattā hoti: ‘na tvaṁ imaṁ dhammavinayaṁ ājānāsi …pe… nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī’ti. Evaṁ kho, gahapati, kathaṁ na viggayha janena kattā hoti.

So, householder, that’s how to understand the detailed meaning of what the Buddha said in brief in the Chapter of the Eights, in ‘The Questions of Māgandiya’:

Iti kho, gahapati, yaṁ taṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā aṭṭhakavaggiye māgaṇḍiyapañhe:

‘After leaving their bastion to migrate without abode,a sage doesn’t get close to anyone in town.Rid of sensual pleasures, not expecting,they wouldn’t get in arguments with people.’”

‘Okaṁ pahāya aniketasārī,Gāme akubbaṁ munisanthavāni;Kāmehi ritto apurakkharāno,Kathaṁ na viggayha janena kayirā’ti.

SN 22.4 · Hāliddikāni (2nd)

SN 22.4 · Dutiyahāliddikānisutta

So I have heard. At one time Venerable Mahākaccāna was staying in the land of the Avantis near Kuraraghara on Steep Mountain.

Evaṁ me sutaṁ— ekaṁ samayaṁ āyasmā mahākaccāno avantīsu viharati kuraraghare papāte pabbate.

Then the householder Hāliddikāni went up to Venerable Mahākaccāna … and asked him, “Sir, this was said by the Buddha in ‘The Questions of Sakka’: ‘Those ascetics and brahmins who are freed due to the ending of craving have reached the ultimate goal, the ultimate sanctuary from the yoke, the ultimate spiritual life, the ultimate end, and are best among gods and humans.’

Atha kho hāliddikāni gahapati yenāyasmā mahākaccāno …pe… ekamantaṁ nisinno kho hāliddikāni gahapati āyasmantaṁ mahākaccānaṁ etadavoca: “vuttamidaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā sakkapañhe: ‘ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā taṇhāsaṅkhayavimuttā, te accantaniṭṭhā accantayogakkhemino accantabrahmacārino accantapariyosānā seṭṭhā devamanussānan’ti.

How should we see the detailed meaning of the Buddha’s brief statement?”

Imassa nu kho, bhante, bhagavatā saṅkhittena bhāsitassa kathaṁ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo”ti?

“Householder, consider any desire, greed, relishing, and craving for the form element; any attraction, grasping, mental fixation, insistence, and underlying tendencies. With the ending, fading away, cessation, giving away, and letting go of that, the mind is said to be ‘well freed’.

“Rūpadhātuyā kho, gahapati, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye upayupādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā, tesaṁ khayā virāgā nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā ‘cittaṁ suvimuttanti’ vuccati.

Consider any desire, greed, relishing, and craving for the feeling element … the perception element … the choices element … the consciousness element; any attraction, grasping, mental fixation, insistence, and underlying tendencies. With the ending, fading away, cessation, giving away, and letting go of that, the mind is said to be ‘well freed’.

Vedanādhātuyā kho, gahapati … saññādhātuyā kho, gahapati … saṅkhāradhātuyā kho, gahapati … viññāṇadhātuyā kho, gahapati, yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye upayupādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā, tesaṁ khayā virāgā nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā ‘cittaṁ suvimuttanti’ vuccati.

So, householder, that’s how to understand the detailed meaning of what the Buddha said in brief in ‘The Questions of Sakka’: ‘Those ascetics and brahmins who are freed due to the ending of craving have reached the ultimate goal, the ultimate sanctuary from the yoke, the ultimate spiritual life, the ultimate end, and are best among gods and humans.’”

Iti kho, gahapati, yaṁ taṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā sakkapañhe: ‘ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā taṇhāsaṅkhayavimuttā te accantaniṭṭhā accantayogakkhemino accantabrahmacārino accantapariyosānā seṭṭhā devamanussānan’ti.

SN 22.5 · Development of Immersion

SN 22.5 · Samādhisutta

So I have heard. At Sāvatthī.

Evaṁ me sutaṁ— …pe… sāvatthiyaṁ …

“Mendicants, develop immersion. A mendicant who has immersion truly understands. What do they truly understand? The origin and ending of form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness.

“samādhiṁ, bhikkhave, bhāvetha; samāhito, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti. Kiñca yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti? Rūpassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, vedanāya samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, saññāya samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, saṅkhārānaṁ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, viññāṇassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca.

And what is the origin of form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness? It’s when a mendicant approves, welcomes, and keeps clinging.

Ko ca, bhikkhave, rūpassa samudayo, ko vedanāya samudayo, ko saññāya samudayo, ko saṅkhārānaṁ samudayo, ko viññāṇassa samudayo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati.

What do they approve, welcome, and keep clinging to? They approve, welcome, and keep clinging to form. This gives rise to relishing. Relishing forms is grasping. Their grasping is a requirement for continued existence. Continued existence is a requirement for rebirth. Rebirth is a requirement for old age and death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress to come to be. That is how this entire mass of suffering originates.

Kiñca abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati? Rūpaṁ abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa rūpaṁ abhinandato abhivadato ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato uppajjati nandī. Yā rūpe nandī tadupādānaṁ. Tassupādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṁ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

They approve, welcome, and keep clinging to feeling … perception … choices … consciousness. This gives rise to relishing. Relishing consciousness is grasping. Their grasping is a requirement for continued existence. Continued existence is a requirement for rebirth. Rebirth is a condition that gives rise to old age and death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress. That is how this entire mass of suffering originates.

Vedanaṁ abhinandati …pe… saññaṁ abhinandati … saṅkhāre abhinandati … viññāṇaṁ abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa viññāṇaṁ abhinandato abhivadato ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato uppajjati nandī. Yā viññāṇe nandī tadupādānaṁ. Tassupādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

This is the origin of form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness.

Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, rūpassa samudayo; ayaṁ vedanāya samudayo; ayaṁ saññāya samudayo; ayaṁ saṅkhārānaṁ samudayo; ayaṁ viññāṇassa samudayo.

And what is the ending of form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness?

Ko ca, bhikkhave, rūpassa atthaṅgamo, ko vedanāya … ko saññāya … ko saṅkhārānaṁ … ko viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo?

It’s when a mendicant doesn’t approve, welcome, or keep clinging.

Idha, bhikkhave, nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati.

What don’t they approve, welcome, or keep clinging to? They don’t approve, welcome, or keep clinging to form. As a result, relishing of form ceases. When that relishing ceases, grasping ceases. When grasping ceases, continued existence ceases. … That is how this entire mass of suffering ceases.

Kiñca nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati? Rūpaṁ nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa rūpaṁ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato yā rūpe nandī sā nirujjhati. Tassa nandīnirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

They don’t approve, welcome, or keep clinging to feeling … perception … choices … consciousness. As a result, relishing of consciousness ceases. When that relishing ceases, grasping ceases. … That is how this entire mass of suffering ceases.

Vedanaṁ nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa vedanaṁ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato yā vedanāya nandī sā nirujjhati. Tassa nandīnirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Saññaṁ nābhinandati …pe… saṅkhāre nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa saṅkhāre anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato yā saṅkhāresu nandī sā nirujjhati. Tassa nandīnirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Viññāṇaṁ nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa viññāṇaṁ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato yā viññāṇe nandī sā nirujjhati. Tassa nandīnirodhā upādānanirodho …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

This is the ending of form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness.”

Ayaṁ, bhikkhave, rūpassa atthaṅgamo, ayaṁ vedanāya atthaṅgamo, ayaṁ saññāya atthaṅgamo, ayaṁ saṅkhārānaṁ atthaṅgamo, ayaṁ viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo”ti.

SN 22.6 · Retreat

SN 22.6 · Paṭisallāṇasutta

At Sāvatthī.

Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

“Mendicants, meditate in retreat. A mendicant in retreat truly understands. What do they truly understand? The origin and disappearance of form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness. …”

“Paṭisallāṇe, bhikkhave, yogamāpajjatha. Paṭisallīṇo, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti. Kiñca yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti? Rūpassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, vedanāya samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, saññāya samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, saṅkhārānaṁ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca, viññāṇassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca …pe…

(Tell in full as in the previous discourse.)

(yathā paṭhamasutte tathā vitthāretabbo.)