---
title: "Linked Discourses III: The Aggregates · Saṁyutta Nikāya · Khandhavagga"
author: "The Buddha"
translator: "Bhikkhu Sujato"
languages: [pi, en]
shelf: "Pali Canon"
section: 23 of 44
url: https://scriptura.si/works/pali-samyutta-nikaya-3/23/
cite: "The Buddha, tr. Bhikkhu Sujato, Linked Discourses III: The Aggregates · Saṁyutta Nikāya · Khandhavagga, section 23. Scriptura (scriptura.si), https://scriptura.si/works/pali-samyutta-nikaya-3/23/"
---

# Linked Discourses III: The Aggregates · Saṁyutta Nikāya · Khandhavagga

*The Buddha, tr. Bhikkhu Sujato*

Form, feeling, perception, choices and consciousness: the five aggregates, and the teaching of not-self.

> Pali: the Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka (Buddha Jayanti edition, 2500), from SuttaCentral’s bilara-data, dedicated to the public domain (CC0).

> English: Bhikkhu Sujato, from SuttaCentral’s bilara-data, dedicated to the public domain (CC0). Notes are not included.

> Rows follow the segment numbers the two texts share, gathered into paragraphs; verse keeps its lines.

## 23. About Māra (2nd) · SN 23.11–23.22

Source: https://scriptura.si/works/pali-samyutta-nikaya-3/23/ · cite a paragraph as https://scriptura.si/works/pali-samyutta-nikaya-3/23/#p-N

[¶0] SN 23.11 · About Māra

> Pali: SN 23.11 · Mārasutta

[¶1] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶2] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶3] “Sir, they speak of ‘Māra’. How is Māra defined?”

> Pali: “‘māro, māro’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, bhante, māro”ti?

[¶4] “Rādha, form is Māra, feeling is Māra, perception is Māra, choices are Māra, consciousness is Māra.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, māro, vedanā māro, saññā māro, saṅkhārā māro, viññāṇaṁ māro.

[¶5] Seeing this, a learned noble disciple grows disillusioned with form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness. Being disillusioned, desire fades away. When desire fades away they’re freed. When they’re freed, they know they’re freed.

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ, rādha, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi nibbindati, saññāyapi nibbindati, saṅkhāresupi nibbindati, viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṁ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṁ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṁ hoti.

[¶6] They understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī”ti.

[¶7] > Pali: Paṭhamaṁ.

[¶8] SN 23.12 · Subject to Māra

> Pali: SN 23.12 · Māradhammasutta

[¶9] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶10] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶11] “Sir, they speak of ‘Māra nature’. What is of Māra nature?”

> Pali: “‘māradhammo, māradhammo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, bhante, māradhammo”ti?

[¶12] “Rādha, form is of Māra nature. Feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness are of Māra nature.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, māradhammo, vedanā māradhammo, saññā māradhammo, saṅkhārā māradhammo, viññāṇaṁ māradhammo.

[¶13] Seeing this … They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

[¶14] > Pali: Dutiyaṁ.

[¶15] SN 23.13 · Impermanence

> Pali: SN 23.13 · Aniccasutta

[¶16] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶17] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶18] “Sir, they speak of ‘impermanence’. What has impermanent nature?”

> Pali: “‘aniccaṁ, aniccan’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamaṁ nu kho, bhante, aniccan”ti?

[¶19] “Rādha, form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness are impermanent.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, aniccaṁ, vedanā aniccā, saññā aniccā, saṅkhārā aniccā, viññāṇaṁ aniccaṁ.

[¶20] Seeing this … They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

[¶21] > Pali: Tatiyaṁ.

[¶22] SN 23.14 · Liable to Impermanence

> Pali: SN 23.14 · Aniccadhammasutta

[¶23] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶24] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶25] “Sir, they speak of having ‘impermanent nature’. What is of impermanent nature?”

> Pali: “‘aniccadhammo, aniccadhammo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, bhante, aniccadhammo”ti?

[¶26] “Rādha, form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness are of impermanent nature.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, aniccadhammo, vedanā aniccadhammo, saññā aniccadhammo, saṅkhārā aniccadhammo, viññāṇaṁ aniccadhammo.

[¶27] Seeing this … They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

[¶28] > Pali: Catutthaṁ.

[¶29] SN 23.15 · Suffering

> Pali: SN 23.15 · Dukkhasutta

[¶30] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶31] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶32] “Sir, they speak of ‘suffering’. What is suffering?”

> Pali: “‘dukkhaṁ, dukkhan’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamaṁ nu kho, bhante, dukkhan”ti?

[¶33] “Rādha, form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness are suffering.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, dukkhaṁ, vedanā dukkhā, saññā dukkhā, saṅkhārā dukkhā, viññāṇaṁ dukkhaṁ.

[¶34] Seeing this … They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

[¶35] > Pali: Pañcamaṁ.

[¶36] SN 23.16 · Liable to Suffering

> Pali: SN 23.16 · Dukkhadhammasutta

[¶37] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶38] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶39] “Sir, they speak of having ‘suffering nature’. What is of a nature to suffer?”

> Pali: “‘dukkhadhammo, dukkhadhammo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, bhante, dukkhadhammo”ti?

[¶40] “Rādha, form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness are of a nature to suffer.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, dukkhadhammo, vedanā dukkhadhammo, saññā dukkhadhammo, saṅkhārā dukkhadhammo, viññāṇaṁ dukkhadhammo.

[¶41] Seeing this … They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

[¶42] > Pali: Chaṭṭhaṁ.

[¶43] SN 23.17 · Not-Self

> Pali: SN 23.17 · Anattasutta

[¶44] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶45] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶46] “Sir, they speak of ‘not-self’. What is not-self?”

> Pali: “‘anattā, anattā’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, bhante, anattā”ti?

[¶47] “Rādha, form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness are not-self.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, anattā, vedanā anattā, saññā anattā, saṅkhārā anattā, viññāṇaṁ anattā.

[¶48] Seeing this … They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

[¶49] > Pali: Sattamaṁ.

[¶50] SN 23.18 · Naturally Not-Self

> Pali: SN 23.18 · Anattadhammasutta

[¶51] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶52] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶53] “Sir, they speak of having ‘not-self nature’. What has a nature of not-self?”

> Pali: “‘anattadhammo, anattadhammo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, bhante, anattadhammo”ti?

[¶54] “Rādha, form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness have a nature of not-self.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, anattadhammo, vedanā anattadhammo, saññā anattadhammo, saṅkhārā anattadhammo, viññāṇaṁ anattadhammo.

[¶55] Seeing this … They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

[¶56] > Pali: Aṭṭhamaṁ.

[¶57] SN 23.19 · Liable to End

> Pali: SN 23.19 · Khayadhammasutta

[¶58] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶59] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶60] “Sir, they speak of a ‘liability to end’. What has a liability to end?”

> Pali: “‘khayadhammo, khayadhammo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, bhante, khayadhammo”ti?

[¶61] “Rādha, form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness have a liability to end.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, khayadhammo, vedanā khayadhammo, saññā khayadhammo, saṅkhārā khayadhammo, viññāṇaṁ khayadhammo.

[¶62] Seeing this … They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

[¶63] > Pali: Navamaṁ.

[¶64] SN 23.20 · Liable to Fall

> Pali: SN 23.20 · Vayadhammasutta

[¶65] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶66] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶67] “Sir, they speak of a ‘liability to fall’. What has a liability to fall?”

> Pali: “‘vayadhammo, vayadhammo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, bhante, vayadhammo”ti?

[¶68] “Rādha, form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness have a liability to fall.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, vayadhammo, vedanā vayadhammo, saññā vayadhammo, saṅkhārā vayadhammo, viññāṇaṁ vayadhammo.

[¶69] Seeing this … They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

[¶70] > Pali: Dasamaṁ.

[¶71] SN 23.21 · Liable to Originate

> Pali: SN 23.21 · Samudayadhammasutta

[¶72] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶73] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶74] “Sir, they speak of a ‘liability to originate’. What has a liability to originate?”

> Pali: “‘samudayadhammo, samudayadhammo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, bhante, samudayadhammo”ti?

[¶75] “Rādha, form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness have a liability to originate.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, samudayadhammo, vedanā samudayadhammo, saññā samudayadhammo, saṅkhārā samudayadhammo, viññāṇaṁ samudayadhammo.

[¶76] Seeing this … They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

[¶77] > Pali: Ekādasamaṁ.

[¶78] SN 23.22 · Liable to Cease

> Pali: SN 23.22 · Nirodhadhammasutta

[¶79] At Sāvatthī.

> Pali: Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

[¶80] Seated to one side, Venerable Rādha said to the Buddha:

> Pali: Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā rādho bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

[¶81] “Sir, they speak of a ‘liability to cease’. What has a liability to cease?”

> Pali: “‘nirodhadhammo, nirodhadhammo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamo nu kho, bhante, nirodhadhammo”ti?

[¶82] “Rādha, form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness have a liability to cease.

> Pali: “Rūpaṁ kho, rādha, nirodhadhammo, vedanā nirodhadhammo, saññā nirodhadhammo, saṅkhārā nirodhadhammo, viññāṇaṁ nirodhadhammo.

[¶83] Seeing this … They understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’”

> Pali: Evaṁ passaṁ …pe… nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānātī”ti.

[¶84] > Pali: Dvādasamaṁ.

[¶85] > Pali: Dutiyamāravaggo.

[¶86] > Pali: Tassuddānaṁ

[¶87] > Pali: Māro ca māradhammo ca,
Aniccena apare duve;
Dukkhena ca duve vuttā,
Anattena tatheva ca;
Khayavayasamudayaṁ,
Nirodhadhammena dvādasāti.