---
title: "Sayings of Kings and Commanders · Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata"
author: "Plutarch"
translator: "Frank Cole Babbitt"
languages: [grc, en]
shelf: "Philosophy"
section: 4 of 5
url: https://scriptura.si/works/plutarch-sayings-of-kings-and-commanders/4/
cite: "Plutarch, tr. Frank Cole Babbitt, Sayings of Kings and Commanders · Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata, section 4. Scriptura (scriptura.si), https://scriptura.si/works/plutarch-sayings-of-kings-and-commanders/4/"
---

# Sayings of Kings and Commanders · Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata

*Plutarch, tr. Frank Cole Babbitt*

Witty and memorable words of Persian kings, Greek tyrants, Alexander and the Roman generals down to Augustus.

> Greek: ed. Grēgorios N. Vernardakēs, from the Perseus Digital Library (canonical-greekLit, tlg0007.tlg081, CC BY-SA 4.0).

> English: Frank Cole Babbitt, from the Perseus Digital Library (tlg0007.tlg081.perseus-eng3). Notes are not included.

> Rows follow the references the two texts share (chapters and sections), cut where both reach the end of a sentence.

## 4. Chapters 71–82

Source: https://scriptura.si/works/plutarch-sayings-of-kings-and-commanders/4/ · cite a paragraph as https://scriptura.si/works/plutarch-sayings-of-kings-and-commanders/4/#p-N

[¶0] 71.22. Being asked whether he regarded himself or Chabrias or Iphicrates as the better general, he said, “It is hard to decide while we are alive.”

> Greek: 71.22. ἐρωτηθεὶς δὲ πότερον ἑαυτὸν ἡγεῖται βελτίονα στρατηγὸν ἢ Χαβρίαν ἢ Ἰφικράτην δύσκριτον εἶπεν ἕως ζῶμεν.

[¶1] 71.23. Upon his return from Laconia he was put on trial for his life, together with his fellow-generals, for having added, contrary to the law, four months to his term of office as Governor of Boeotia. He bade his fellow-officers to put the responsibility on him, as if their action had been dictated by him, and said that he himself had not any words to speak better than his deeds; but if he absolutely must make a statement to the judges, he required from them as his just due, if they put him to death, to inscribe their sentence upon his tombstone, so that the Greeks might know that Epameinondas had compelled the Thebans against their will to lay waste Laconia with fire and sword, which for five hundred years had been unravaged; and that he had repopulated Messene after a space of two hundred and thirty years, and had organized the Arcadians and united them in a league, and had restored selfgovernment to the Greeks. As a matter of fact, all these things had been accomplished in that campaign. Thereupon the judges left the court-room with hearty laughter, and did not even take up their ballots to cast against him.

> Greek: 71.23. ἐπεὶ δὲ ἐκ τῆς Λακωνικῆς ὑποστρέψας ἔφευγε θανάτου δίκην μετὰ τῶν συστρατήγων, ὡς ἐπιβαλὼν τῇ βοιωταρχίᾳ παρὰ τὸν νόμον τέσσαρας μῆνας, τοὺς μὲν συνάρχοντας ἐκέλευεν εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἀναφέρειν τὴν αἰτίαν ὡς ἐκβιασθέντας, αὐτὸς δὲ οὐκ ἔφη βελτίονας ἔχειν τῶν ἔργων λόγους· εἰ δὲ δεῖ τι πάντως εἰπεῖν πρὸς τοὺς δικαστάς, ἀξιοῦν, ἂν ἀποκτείνωσιν αὐτὸν, ἐπιγράψαι τῇ στήλῃ τὴν καταδίκην, ὅπως οἱ Ἕλληνες εἰδῶσιν ὅτι μὴ βουλομένους Θηβαίους Ἐπαμεινώνδας ἠνάγκασε τὴν Λακωνικὴν πυρπολῆσαι, πεντακοσίοις ἐνιαυτοῖς ἀδῄωτον οὖσαν οἰκίσαι δὲ Μεσσήνην διʼ ἐτῶν τριάκοντα καὶ διακοσίων· συντάξαι δὲ καὶ συναγαγεῖν εἰς ταὐτὸν Ἀρκάδας· ἀποδοῦναι δὲ τοῖς Ἕλλησι τὴν αὐτονομίαν. ταῦτα γὰρ ἐπράχθη κατʼ ἐκείνην τὴν στρατείαν. ἐξῆλθον οὖν οἱ δικασταὶ σὺν πολλῷ γέλωτι μηδὲ τὰς ψήφους ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ἀναλαβόντες.

[¶2] 71.24. When in his last battle he had been wounded and carried into a tent, he called for Daiphantus, and next after him for Iolai’das, and, learning that the men were dead, he bade the Thebans to make terms with the enemy, since no general was left to them. And the facts bore out his words, for he best knew his fellow-citizens.

> Greek: 71.24. ἐν δὲ τῇ τελευταίᾳ μάχῃ τρωθεὶς καὶ κομισθεὶς ἐπὶ σκηνὴν ἐκάλει Δαΐφαντον, εἶτα μετʼ ἐκεῖνον Ἰολαΐδαν· τεθνάναι δὲ τοὺς ἄνδρας πυθόμενος ἐκέλευε διαλύεσθαι πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους, ὡς οὐκ ὄντος αὐτοῖς στρατηγοῦ. καὶ τῷ λόγῳ τὸ ἔργον ἐμαρτύρησεν, ὡς εἰδότος ἄριστα τοὺς πολίτας.

[¶3] 72.1. Pelopidas, the associate of Epameinondas in command, in reply to his friends who told him that he was neglecting a very necessary business, the amassing of money, said, “Yes, on my word, money is necessary—for Nicodemus here!” as he pointed to a lame and crippled man.

> Greek: 72.1. Πελοπίδας ὁ συστράτηγος Ἐπαμεινώνδᾳ, τῶν φίλων αὐτὸν ἀμελεῖν λεγόντων πράγματος ἀναγκαίου, χρημάτων συναγωγῆς, ἀναγκαῖα τὰ χρήματα νὴ Δία εἶπε τούτῳ Νικοδήμῳ δείξας χωλὸν καὶ ἀνάπηρον ἄνθρωπον.

[¶4] 72.2. As he was leaving home for the field of battle, his wife begged him to have a care for his life. “This advice,” said he, “should be kept for others, but for a commander and general the advice should be to have a care for the lives of the citizens.”

> Greek: 72.2. τῆς δὲ γυναικός, ἐπὶ μάχην ἐξιόντος αὐτοῦ, δεομένης σῴζειν ἑαυτόν, ἄλλοις ἔφη δεῖν τοῦτο παραινεῖν, ἄρχοντι δὲ καὶ στρατηγῷ σῴζειν τοὺς πολίτας.

[¶5] 72.3. When one of his soldiers said, “We have fallen among the enemy,” he said, “Why any more than they among us?”

> Greek: 72.3. εἰπόντος δέ τινος τῶν στρατιωτῶν ἐμπεπτώκαμεν εἰς τοὺς πολεμίους, τί μᾶλλον εἶπεν ἢ εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐκεῖνοι;

[¶6] 72.4. When he fell a victim to the treachery of Alexander, despot of Pherae, and was put in bonds, he upbraided Alexander; and when the despot said, “Are you so eager to die,” he replied, “Yes, I certainly am, so that the Thebans may become the more exasperated, and you may get your deserts the sooner.”

> Greek: 72.4. ἐπεὶ δὲ παρασπονδηθεὶς ὑπὸ Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ Φεραίων τυράννου καὶ δεθεὶς κακῶς αὐτὸν ἔλεγεν, εἰπόντος ἐκείνου σπεύδεις ἀποθανεῖν; πάνυ μὲν οὖν εἶπεν ἵνα μᾶλλον παροξυνθῶσι Θηβαῖοι, καὶ σὺ δίκην δῷς τάχιον.

[¶7] 72.5. Thebe, the despot’s wife, carne to Pelopidas and said that she was amazed because he was so cheerful in his bonds. Pelopidas replied that he was even more amazed at her because she without being in bonds could abide Alexander.

> Greek: 72.5. Θήβης δὲ τῆς τοῦ τυράννου γυναικὸς ἐλθούσης πρὸς Πελοπίδαν καὶ λεγούσης θαυμάζειν, ὅτι οὕτως ἱλαρός ἐστι δεδεμένος, αὐτὸς ἔφη μᾶλλον θαυμάζειν ἐκείνην, ὅτι μὴ δεδεμένη ὑπομένει Ἀλέξανδρον κομισαμένου δʼ αὐτὸν τοῦ Ἐπαμεινώνδου, χάριν εἶπεν ἔχειν Ἀλεξάνδρῳ·

[¶8] 72.6. After Epameinondas had obtained his general’s release, Pelopidas said that he felt grateful to Alexander; for by actual test he had now found himself more than ever to be of good courage not only in facing war but also in facing death. SAYINGS OF ROMANS When some complained against Manius Curius because he apportioned to each man but a small part of the land taken from the enemy, and made the most of it public land, he prayed that there might never be a Roman who would regard as small the land that gave him enough to live on.

> Greek: 72.6. πεπείραται γὰρ ἑαυτοῦ νῦν μάλιστα οὐ μόνον πρὸς πόλεμον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πρὸς θάνατον εὐθαρσῶς ἔχοντος. Μάνιος Κούριος, ἐγκαλούντων αὐτῷ τινων ὅτι τῆς αἰχμαλώτου χώρας ὀλίγον ἑκάστῳ μέρος διένειμε τὴν δὲ πολλὴν ἐποίησε δημοσίαν, ἐπηύξατο μηδένα γενέσθαι Ῥωμαίων, ὃς ὀλίγην ἡγήσεται γῆν τὴν τρέφουσαν.

[¶9] 73.2. When the Samnites came to him after their defeat and offered him money, he happened to be cooking turnips in pots. He made answer to the Samnites that he had no need of money when he could make his dinner from this sort of food; and for him it was better than having money to hold sway over those who had it.

> Greek: 73.2. Σαυνιτῶν δὲ μετὰ τὴν ἧτταν ἀφικομένων πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ χρυσίον διδόντων, ἔτυχεν ἐν χύτραις ἕψων γογγυλίδας· ἀπεκρίνατο δὲ τοῖς Σαυνίταις μηδὲν χρυσίου δεῖσθαι τοιοῦτον δεῖπνον δειπνῶν· αὑτῷ δὲ βέλτιον εἶναι τοῦ χρυσίον ἔχειν τὸ κρατεῖν τῶν ἐχόντων.

[¶10] 74.1. Gaius Fabricius, upon learning of the defeat of the Romans by Pyrrhus, said, “Pyrrhus has defeated Laevinus, but the Epirotes have not defeated the Romans.”

> Greek: 74.1. Γάιος Φαβρίκιος τὴν ὑπὸ Πύρρου Ῥωμαίων ἧτταν πυθόμενος Λαιβῖνον εἶπε Πύρρος, οὐκ Ἠπειρῶται Ῥωμαίους νενικήκασιν.

[¶11] 74.2. When he carne to see Pyrrhus about ransoming the prisoners of war, Pyrrhus offered him much money, but he would not accept it. On the following day Pyrrhus made ready his biggest elephant, all unknown to Fabricius, to appear and trumpet suddenly behind his back; and when this plan had been carried out, Fabricius turned and said with a smile, “Neither your money yesterday nor your beast to-day has astounded me.”

> Greek: 74.2. ἐλθὼν δὲ πρὸς Πύρρον περὶ λύσεως αἰχμαλώτων χρυσίον μὲν πολὺ διδόντος οὐκ ἔλαβε· τῇ δʼ ὑστεραίᾳ τὸν μέγιστον ἐλέφαντα τοῦ Πύρρου παρασκευάσαντος ἐξόπισθεν ἀγνοοῦντι τῷ Φαβρικίῳ ῥήξαντα φωνὴν ἐπιφανῆναι· καὶ τούτου γενομένου, ἐπιστραφεὶς ὁ Φαβρίκιος καὶ μειδιάσας ἐμέ εἶπεν οὔτε τὸ χρυσίον ἐχθὲς οὔτε σήμερον τὸ θηρίον ἐξέπληξε.

[¶12] 74.3. Pyrrhus urged Fabricius to stay with him and be the second in command, but Fabricius said, “But there is no advantage in this for you; for, if the Epirotes come to know us both, they will prefer to be ruled by me rather than by you.”

> Greek: 74.3. τοῦ δὲ Πύρρου παρακαλοῦντος αὐτὸν εἶναι σὺν αὐτῷ καὶ τὴν μετʼ αὐτὸν ἔχειν ἡγεμονίαν οὐδὲ σοί ἔφη τοῦτο λυσιτελές ἐστιν· Ἠπειρῶται γὰρ ἐὰν ἀμφοτέρους γνῶσιν ἡμᾶς, ὑπʼ ἐμοῦ βασιλεύεσθαι μᾶλλον ἢ σοῦ ἐθελήσουσιν.

[¶13] 74.4. When Fabricius was consul, Pyrrhus’s physician sent a letter to him, offering, if he should give thi word, to kill Pyrrhus by poison. Fabricius sent the letter to Pyrrhus, bidding him note the reason why he was the worst possible judge both of friends and of foes.

> Greek: 74.4. ὑπατεύοντι δὲ τῷ Φαβρικίῳ προσέπεμψεν ἐπιστολὴν ὁ τοῦ Πύρρου ἰατρός, ἐπαγγελλόμενος, ἐὰν κελεύῃ, φαρμάκοις τὸν Πύρρον ἀποκτενεῖν· ὁ δὲ Φαβρίκιος τὴν ἐπιστολὴν πρὸς Πύρρον ἔπεμψεν, αἰσθέσθαι κελεύσας διότι καὶ φίλων κάκιστός ἐστι κριτὴς καὶ πολεμίων.

[¶14] 74.5. Pyrrhus, having thus discovered the plot, caused his physician to be hanged, and gave back the prisoners of war to Fabricius without ransom. Fabricius, however, would not accept them as a gift, but gave an equal number in return, lest he should give the impression that he was getting a reward. “For,” as he said, “it was not to win favour with Pyrrhus that he had disclosed the plot, but that the Romans might not have the repute of killing through treachery, as if they could not win an open victory.”

> Greek: 74.5. ἐπεὶ δὲ φωράσας τὴν ἐπιβουλὴν ὁ Πύρρος τὸν μὲν ἰατρὸν ἐκρέμασε, τῷ δὲ Φαβρικίῳ τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους ἄνευ λύτρων ἀπέδωκεν, οὐκ ἐδέξατο δωρεὰν ἀλλʼ ἴσους ἀντέδωκε, μὴ δόξῃ λαμβάνειν μισθόν· οὐδὲ γὰρ χάριτι Πύρρου μεμηνυκέναι τὴν ἐπιβουλήν, ἀλλʼ ὅπως μὴ δοκῶσι Ῥωμαῖοι δόλῳ κτείνειν, ὡς φανερῶς νικᾶν οὐ δυνάμενοι.

[¶15] 75.1. Fabius Maximus wished to avoid a battle with Hannibal, but, in time, to wear out his force, which was in need of both money and food; and so he followed close after him, taking a parallel route, through rough and mountainous places. When most people laughed at him, and called him a slave in attendance on Hannibal, he paid little attention, and continued to follow his own counsels. To his friends he said that he thought the man who feared gibes and jeers was more of a coward than the one who ran away from the enemy.

> Greek: 75.1. Φάβιος Μάξιμος Ἀννίβᾳ μάχεσθαι μὴ βουλόμενος ἀλλὰ τρίβειν χρόνῳ τὴν δύναμιν αὐτοῦ, καὶ χρημάτων ἐνδεᾶ καὶ σιτίων οὖσαν, ἐπηκολούθει διὰ τῶν τραχέων καὶ ὀρεινῶν ἀντιπαρεξιών· καταγελώντων δὲ τῶν πολλῶν καὶ παιδαγωγὸν Ἀννίβα καλούντων, μικρὰ φροντίζων ἐχρῆτο τοῖς αὑτοῦ λογισμοῖς· καὶ πρὸς τοὺς φίλους ἔλεγεν ὅτι τὸν σκώμματα φοβούμενον καὶ λοιδορίας δειλότερον ἡγεῖται τοῦ φεύγοντος τοὺς πολεμίους.

[¶16] 75.2. When his colleague in command, Minucius, laid low some of the enemy, and there was much talk of him as a man worthy of Rome, Fabius said that he felt more afraid over Minucius’s good luck than over any bad luck he might have. And not long after, Minucius fell into an ambush and was in great danger of being destroyed together with his forces, when Fabius carne to his aid, slew many of the enemy, and rescued him. Whereupon Hannibal said to his friends, “Did I not often prophesy to you regarding that cloud upon the mountains, that some day it would let loose a storm upon us?”

> Greek: 75.2. ἐπεὶ δὲ τοῦ συνάρχοντος Μινουκίου καταβαλόντος τινὰς τῶν πολεμίων πολὺς ἦν λόγος ὡς ἀνδρὸς ἀξίου τῆς Ῥώμης, μᾶλλον ἔφη τὴν εὐτυχίαν ἢ τὴν ἀτυχίαν τοῦ Μινουκίου φοβεῖσθαι καὶ μετὰ μικρὸν ἐνέδρᾳ περιπεσόντος καὶ κινδυνεύοντος ἀπολέσθαι μετὰ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ δυνάμεως, ἐπιβοηθήσας τῶν τε πολεμίων πολλοὺς διέφθειρε κἀκεῖνον ἔσωσεν. ὁ μὲν οὖν Ἀννίβας εἶπε πρὸς τοὺς φίλους οὐ πολλάκις ὑμῖν προὔλεγον ἐγὼ τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν ὀρῶν νεφέλην ὅτι χειμάσει ποτὲ ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς;

[¶17] 75.3. After the misfortune which befell the State at Cannae he was chosen consul with Claudius Mar cellus, a man possessed of daring and spoiling for a figbt with Hannibal. Fabius hoped, if nobody fought with Hannibal, that Hannibal’s forces, being under continual strain, would soon give out. Wherefore Hannibal said that he had more to fear from Fabius who would not fight than from Marcellus who would.

> Greek: 75.3. μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἐν Κάνναις ἀτυχίαν τῆς πόλεως ἄρχων κατασταθεὶς μετὰ Κλαυδίου Μαρκέλλου, τόλμαν ἔχοντος ἀνδρὸς καὶ φιλομαχοῦντος ἀεὶ πρὸς τὸν Ἀννίβαν, αὐτὸς ἤλπιζεν, εἰ μηδεὶς μάχοιτο, ταχὺ τὴν δύναμιν τοῦ Ἀννίβα παρατεινομένην ἀπαγορεύσειν· ἔλεγεν οὖν ὁ Ἀννίβας ὅτι μᾶλλον φοβεῖται Μαρκέλλου μαχομένου Φάβιον μὴ μαχόμενον.

[¶18] 75.4. A certain Lucanian soldier was accused of wandering often from the camp at night for love of a young woman. Fabius, on hearing the accusation, ascertained that in other respects the man was an admirable man-at-arms, and he ordered that they secretly seize the man’s mistress and bring her to him. When she was brought, he sent for the man, and said to him, “Your being away at night, contrary to the regulations, has not passed unnoticed, nor, on the other hand, your good service in the past. Therefore let your oifences be atoned for by your brave and manly deeds, and in future you will be with us, for I have a surety.” And leading forward the girl he presented her to him.

> Greek: 75.4. στρατιώτου δέ τινος Λευκανοῦ κατηγορηθέντος πρὸς αὐτόν, ὡς νύκτωρ ἀπὸ τοῦ στρατοπέδου πλανῷτο πολλάκις ἐρῶν γυναικός, τὰ δὲ ἄλλα θαυμαστὸν ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις πυνθανόμενος εἶναι τὸν ἄνδρα, συλλαβεῖν ἐκέλευσε τὴν ἐρωμένην αὐτοῦ κρύφα καὶ πρὸς αὐτὸν ἀγαγεῖν· ὡς δὲ ἤχθη, μεταπεμψάμενος τὸν ἄνθρωπον οὐ λέληθας ἔφη παρὰ τὸν νόμον ἀπονυκτερεύων· ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ χρηστὸς ὢν πρότερον ἐλελήθεις· τὰ μὲν οὖν ἡμαρτημένα λελύσθω τοῖς ἠνδραγαθημένοις, τὸ δὲ λοιπὸν ἔσῃ μεθʼ ἡμῶν· ἔχω γὰρ ἐγγυητήν· καὶ προαγαγὼν συνέστησεν αὐτῷ τὸ γύναιον.

[¶19] 75.5. Hannibal kept the Tarentines in subjection by a garrison-all the city except the acropolis. Fabius drew him away a very long distance by a trick, and captured and sacked the city. When his secretary asked him what decision he had reached in regard to the sacred images, he said, “Let us leave behind for the Tarentines their angered gods.”

> Greek: 75.5. Ταραντίνους δὲ κατέχοντα φρουρᾷ τὸν Ἀννίβαν πλὴν τῆς ἀκροπόλεως ἀπαγαγὼν πορρωτάτω διʼ ἀπάτης καὶ τὴν πόλιν ἑλὼν καὶ διαρπάσας, τοῦ γραμματέως ἐπερωτήσαντος τί περὶ τῶν ἱερῶν ἔγνωκεν ἀγαλμάτων, ἀπολίπωμεν ἔφη Ταραντίνοις τοὺς θεοὺς κεχολωμένους.

[¶20] 75.6. Marcus Livius, who had all the time held the acropolis with his garrison, said that it was because of him that the city had been taken. The others laughed at him, but Fabius said, “You are quite right; for, if you had not lost the city, I should not have recaptured it.”

> Greek: 75.6. Μάρκου δὲ Λιβίου τοῦ τὴν ἀκρόπολιν φρουροῦντος διʼ ἑαυτὸν ἑαλωκέναι τὴν πόλιν λέγοντος, οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι κατεγέλων, ὁ δὲ Φάβιος εἶπεν ἀληθῆ λέγεις· εἰ γὰρ μὴ σὺ τὴν πόλιν ἀπέβαλες, οὐκ ἂν ἐγὼ ἀνέλαβον.

[¶21] 75.7. When he was already an elderly man, his son was consul, and was attending to the duties of his office in public in the presence of a large number of people. Fabius, mounted, was advancing on horseback. When the young man sent a lictor, and ordered his father to dismount, the others were thrown into consternation, but Fabius, leaping from his horse, ran up more nimbly than his years warranted, and, embracing his son, said, “Well done, my boy; you show sense in that you realize whose official you are, and what a high office you have taken upon you.”

> Greek: 75.7. ἤδη δὲ πρεσβύτερος ὤν, ὑπατεύοντος τοῦ υἱοῦ καὶ χρηματίζοντος ἐν δημοσίῳ πολλῶν παρόντων, ἀναβὰς ἐφʼ ἵππον προσῄει· πέμψαντος δὲ τοῦ νεανίσκου ῥαβδοῦχον καὶ καταβῆναι κελεύσαντος, οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι διετράπησαν, αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ Φάβιος ἀποπηδήσας τοῦ ἵππου προσέδραμε παρʼ ἡλικίαν καὶ περιβαλὼν τὸν υἱὸν εὖγε εἶπεν ὦ παῖ φρονεῖς, αἰσθόμενος τίνων ἄρχεις καὶ πηλίκης ἀρχῆς μέγεθος παρείληφας.

[¶22] 76.1. Scipio the Elder used to spend on literature all the leisure he could win from his military and political duties, and he used to say that he was busiest whenever he had nothing to do.

> Greek: 76.1. Σκιπίων δὲ ὁ πρεσβύτερος τὴν σχολὴν τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν στρατειῶν καὶ τῆς πολιτείας ἐν γράμμασι διατριβὴν ποιούμενος, ἔλεγεν ὁπότε σχολάζοι, πλείονα πράττειν.

[¶23] 76.2. When he captured Carthage by assault, some of his soldiers, having taken captive a comely maiden, came to him with her, and offered to give her to him. “I would gladly take her,” said he, “if I were a private and not a commander.”

> Greek: 76.2. ἐπεὶ δὲ Καρχηδόνα κατὰ κράτος εἷλε καὶ τῶν στρατιωτῶν τινες αἰχμάλωτον λαβόντες εὐπρεπῆ παρθένον ἧκον κομίζοντες, αὐτῷ δὲ ἐδίδοσαν, ἡδέως ἄν ἔφη ἔλαβον, εἴπερ ἦν ἰδιώτης καὶ μὴ ἄρχων.

[¶24] 76.3. While he was besieging the city of Baria, in which was visible a temple of Venus overtopping all else, he ordered that in giving sureties for appearance they should specify that place, since he purposed two days hence to hear litigants in this temple of Venus. And so he did, as he had foretold, after the city had been taken.

> Greek: 76.3. πολιορκῶν δὲ πόλιν Βαθεῖαν, ἧς ὑπερεφαίνετο ναὸς Ἀφροδίτης, ἐκέλευσεν ἐκεῖ τὰς ἐγγύας ὁμολογεῖν, ὡς εἰς τρίτην ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ τῆς Ἀφροδίτης ἀκουσόμενος τῶν διαδικούντων· καὶ τοῦτʼ ἐποίησεν, ὡς προεῖπε, τῆς πόλεως ἁλούσης.

[¶25] 76.4. When somebody inquired in Sicily on what he placed his reliance in purposing to take his army across to Carthage, he pointed out to the inquirer three hundred men in armour, who were drilling, and also a lofty tower which overlooked the sea. “There is not one of these men,” said he, “who would not go up to the top of that tower and throw himself down head first at my command.”

> Greek: 76.4. πυνθανομένου δέ τινος ἐν Σικελίᾳ τίνι πεποιθὼς ἐπὶ Καρχηδόνα μέλλει τὸν στόλον περαιοῦν, δείξας αὐτῷ ἐνόπλους ἄνδρας τριακοσίους γυμναζομένους καὶ πύργον ὑψηλὸν ὑπὲρ θαλάττης οὐδείς ἔφη τούτων ἐστίν, ὅστις ἐπὶ τὸν πύργον ἀναβὰς τοῦτον οὐκ ἂν ἑαυτὸν ῥίψειεν ἐπὶ κεφαλήν, ἐμοῦ κελεύσαντος.

[¶26] 76.5. When he had crossed over, and was master of the land, and had burned the enemy’s camps, the Carthaginians sent to him and made a treaty of peace, agreeing to surrender their elephants and ships, and to pay an indemnity. But when Hannibal had sailed back from Italy, they were sorry because of their agreement, since they did not now feel afraid. Scipio, learning this, said that, not even if they wished it, would he keep the compact unless they paid a million pounds more, because they had sent for Hannibal.

> Greek: 76.5. ἐπεὶ δὲ διαβὰς τῆς τε γῆς ἐκράτει καὶ τὰ στρατόπεδα τῶν πολεμίων κατέκαυσεν, οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι πέμψαντες ἐποιοῦντο συνθήκας, τά τε θηρία καὶ τὰς ναῦς καὶ τὰ χρήματα δώσειν ὁμολογήσαντες· Ἀννίβου δὲ καταπλεύσαντος ἐξ Ἰταλίας, μετεμέλοντο ταῖς ὁμολογίαις διὰ τὸ θαρρεῖν· πυθόμενος δὲ ὁ Σκιπίων ἔφη μηδὲ βουλομένοις αὐτοῖς ἔτι τὰς σπονδὰς φυλάξειν, ἂν μὴ τάλαντα πεντακισχίλια προσεκτίσωσιν, ὅτι μετεπέμψαντο τὸν Ἀννίβαν.

[¶27] 76.6. When the Carthaginians had been utterly overthrown, they sent envoys to him to negotiate a treaty of peace, but he ordered those who had come to go away at once, refusing to listen to them before they brought Lucius Terentius. This Terentius was a Roman, a man of good talents, who had been taken prisoner by the Carthaginians. And when they came bringing the man, Scipio seated him on the tribune next to himself in the conference, and, this done, he took up the negotiations with the Carthaginians, and terminated the war.

> Greek: 76.6. ἐπεὶ δὲ νικηθέντες οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι κατὰ κράτος περὶ σπονδῶν καὶ εἰρήνης πρέσβεις ἀπέστειλαν πρὸς αὐτόν, ἐκέλευσεν εὐθὺς ἀπιέναι τοὺς ἥκοντας, ὡς οὐκ ἀκουσόμενος πρότερον αὐτῶν ἢ Λεύκιον Τερέντιον ἀγάγωσιν· ἦν δὲ Ῥωμαῖος ὁ Τερέντιος, ἐπιεικὴς ἀνήρ, γεγονὼς αἰχμάλωτος ὑπὸ Καρχηδονίων· ἐπεὶ δὲ ἧκον ἄγοντες τὸν ἄνδρα, καθίσας ἐν τῷ συμβουλίῳ παρʼ αὑτὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος, οὕτως ἐχρημάτισε τοῖς Καρχηδονίοις, καὶ κατέλυσε τὸν πόλεμον.

[¶28] 76.7. Terentius marched behind him in the triumphal procession, wearing a felt cap just like an emancipated slave. And when Scipio died, Terentius provided wine with honey for all who attended the funeral to drink their fill, and did everything else connected with his burial on a grand scale. But this, of course, was later.

> Greek: 76.7. ὁ δὲ Τερέντιος ἐπηκολούθησεν αὐτῷ θριαμβεύοντι πιλίον ἔχων ὥσπερ ἀπελεύθερος· ἀποθανόντος δὲ τοῖς ἐπὶ τὴν ἐκφορὰν παραγινομένοις ἐνέχει πίνειν οἰνόμελι καὶ τὰ ἄλλα περὶ τὴν ταφὴν ἐφιλοτιμήθη. ταῦτα μὲν οὖν ὕστερον.

[¶29] 76.8. Antiochus the king, after the Romans had crossed over to attack him, sent to Scipio to ask about terms of peace. “This should have been done before,” said Scipio, “but not now, when you have taken the bit and the rider is in the saddle.”

> Greek: 76.8. Ἀντιόχου δὲ τοῦ βασιλέως μετὰ τὸ διαβῆναι Ῥωμαίους ἐπʼ αὐτὸν εἰς Ἀσίαν πέμψαντος πρὸς τὸν Σκιπίωνα περὶ διαλύσεως, ἔδει πρότερον εἶπεν ἀλλὰ μὴ νῦν, ὁπότε καὶ τὸν χαλινὸν καὶ τὸν ἀναβάτην προσδέδεξαι.

[¶30] 76.9. The Senate voted that he should receive a sum of money from the treasury, but the treasurers were not willing to open it on that day; whereupon he said that he would open it himself, for the reason it was kept closed, he declared, was because he had fdled it with so much money.

> Greek: 76.9. χρήματα δὲ τῆς συγκλήτου λαβεῖν αὐτὸν ἐκ τοῦ ταμιείου ψηφισαμένης, τῶν δὲ ταμιῶν οὐ βουλομένων ἀνοῖξαι τῆς ἡμέρας ἐκείνης, αὐτὸς ἀνοίξειν ἔφη· καὶ γὰρ κλείεσθαι διʼ αὐτὸν πλήσαντα χρημάτων τοσούτων τὸ ταμιεῖον.

[¶31] 76.10. When Petillius and Quintus brought before the people many accusations against him, he remarked that on this very day he had conquered the Carthaginians and Hannibal, and he said that he himself, with a garland on, was on his way up to the Capitol to offer sacrifice, and he bade anyone who so wished to give in his vote about him. With these words he went his way, and the people followed after, leaving behind his accusers still speaking.

> Greek: 76.10. Πετιλλίου δὲ καὶ Κοΐντου πολλὰ πρὸς τὸν δῆμον αὐτοῦ κατηγορησάντων, εἰπὼν ὅτι τῇ σήμερον ἡμέρᾳ Καρχηδονίους καὶ Ἀννίβαν ἐνίκησεν, αὐτὸς μὲν ἔφη στεφανωσάμενος ἀναβαίνειν εἰς τὸ Καπετώλιον θύσων, τὸν δὲ βουλόμενον τὴν ψῆφον ἐκέλευσε φέρειν περὶ αὐτοῦ· καὶ ταῦτα εἰπὼν ἀνέβαινεν, ὁ δὲ δῆμος ἐπηκολούθησε τοὺς κατηγόρους ἀπολιπὼν λέγοντας.

[¶32] 77.1. Titus Quintius, from the very first, was a man of such conspicuous talent that he was chosen consul without having been tribune, praetor, or aedile. He was sent in command of the army against Philip, and was prevailed upon to meet him in conference. Philip insisted that he ought to receive some Romans as a guarantee of his safety, since Quintius was accompanied by many of his countrymen and he all alone represented the Macedonians. “The truth is,” said Quintius, “that it is you who have made yourself all alone by putting to death your friends and kindred.”

> Greek: 77.1. Τίτος Κοΐντιος οὕτως ἦν εὐθὺς ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐπιφανής, ὥστε πρὸ δημαρχίας καὶ στρατηγίας καὶ ἀγορανομίας ὕπατος αἱρεθῆναι. πεμφθεὶς δὲ στρατηγὸς ἐπὶ Φίλιππον εἰς λόγους ἐπείσθη συνελθεῖν αὐτῷ· τοῦ δὲ Φιλίππου λαβεῖν ὁμήρους ἀξιοῦντος, ἐκεῖνον μὲν γὰρ εἶναι μετὰ πολλῶν Ῥωμαίων, ἑαυτὸν δὲ μόνον Μακεδόσι· σὺ γὰρ μόνον ὁ Κοΐντιος ἔφη ἑαυτὸν ἐποίησας ἀποκτείνας τοὺς φίλους καὶ συγγενεῖς.

[¶33] 77.2. Having vanquished Philip in battle, he proclaimed at the Isthmian games that henceforth he left the Greeks free and independent. Whereupon, all the Romans who had been taken captive in the days of Hannibal and were the slaves of Greek masters the Greeks purchased from their owners at twenty pounds for each man, and gave them as a present to Quintius; and these followed him in his triumphal procession wearing felt caps on their heads as is the custom for slaves that have been emancipated.

> Greek: 77.2. νικήσας δὲ μάχῃ τὸν Φίλιππον ἐκήρυξεν ἐν Ἰσθμίοις, ὅτι τοὺς Ἕλληνας ἐλευθέρους καὶ αὐτονόμους ἀφίησιν. ὅσοι δὲ Ῥωμαίων αἰχμάλωτοι γενόμενοι ἐν τοῖς κατʼ Ἀννίβαν χρόνοις ἐδούλευον παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησι, τούτων ἕκαστον οἱ Ἕλληνες ἐξωνησάμενοι δραχμῶν πεντακοσίων δωρεὰν ἔδωκαν αὐτῷ, κἀκεῖνοι θριαμβεύοντι συνηκολούθησαν ἐν Ῥώμῃ πιλία περὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς ἔχοντες, ὥσπερ ἔθος ἐστὶ τοῖς ἐλευθερωθεῖσι.

[¶34] 77.3. When the Achaeans were minded to send an army against the island of the Zacynthians, he bade them beware lest, if they extended their head, tortoise-like, outside of the Peloponnesus they should find themselves in danger.

> Greek: 77.3. τοὺς δʼ Ἀχαιοὺς ἐπὶ τὴν Ζακυνθίων νῆσον διανοουμένους στρατεύειν ἐκέλευε φυλάττεσθαι, μὴ καθάπερ αἱ χελῶναι τὴν κεφαλὴν προτείναντες ἔξω τῆς Πελοποννήσου κινδυνεύσωσιν.

[¶35] 77.4. When Antiochus the king, with a great force, arrived in Greece, and all were terror-stricken at the great numbers of the men and their armament, Flamininus told a story for the benefit of the Achaeans as follows: He said he was in Chalcis dining with a friend, and was amazed at the great number of the meats served. But his friend said that these were all pork, differing only in their seasoning and the way they were cooked. “So then,” he said, “do not you, either, be amazed at the king’s forces when you hear the names: 4 pikemen, ‘panoplied,’ foot-guards, ‘archers with two horses.’ For all these are but Syrians differing from one another only in their paraphernalia.”

> Greek: 77.4. Ἀντιόχου δὲ τοῦ βασιλέως μετὰ πολλῆς δυνάμεως ἥκοντος εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα καὶ πάντων ἐκπεπληγμένων τὰ πλήθη καὶ τοὺς ὁπλισμούς, λόγον εἶπε τοιοῦτον πρὸς τοὺς Ἀχαιούς· ἔφη γὰρ ἐν Χαλκίδι παρὰ τῷ ξένῳ δειπνῶν θαυμάζειν τὸ τῶν κρεῶν πλῆθος· εἰπεῖν δὲ τὸν ξένον ὅτι ταῦτα πάντα χοίρειά ἐστιν ἡδύσμασι καὶ σκευασίαις διαφέροντα. μὴ τοίνυν μηδὲ ὑμεῖς ἔφη θαυμάζετε τὴν βασιλικὴν δύναμιν, λογχοφόρους καὶ καταφράκτους καὶ πεζεταίρους καὶ ἀμφιπποτοξότας ἀκούοντες· πάντες γάρ εἰσιν οὗτοι Σύροι ὁπλαρίοις ἀλλήλων διαφέροντες.

[¶36] 77.5. He made a joke at the expense of Philopoemen, general of the Achaeans, who had plenty of horsemen and men-at-arms, but was not well off for money; Quintius said that Philopoemen had arms and legs but no belly. As a matter of fact, Philopoemen, in physical appearance, was something like this.

> Greek: 77.5. Φιλοποίμενι δὲ τῷ στρατηγῷ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν ἱππεῖς μὲν πολλοὺς καὶ ὁπλίτας ἔχοντι, χρημάτων δὲ οὐκ εὐποροῦντι, προσπαίζων ἔλεγεν ὅτι χεῖρας ἔχει Φιλοποίμην καὶ σκέλη, γαστέρα δὲ οὐκ ἔχει καὶ γὰρ τῇ φύσει τοῦ σώματος ἦν καὶ ὁ Φιλοποίμην τοιοῦτος.

[¶37] 78.1. Gnaeus Domitius, whom Scipio the Great appointed in his stead as a colleague for his brother Lucius in the war against Antiochus, when he had inspected the battle-line of the enemy, and the officers of his staff urged him to attack at once, said that there was not time enough to hew down so many thousands, plunder their baggage, return to camp, and enjoy their usual comforts; but all this they would do on the morrow at the right time. And on the next day he engaged the enemy, and slew fifty thousand of them.

> Greek: 78.1. Γνάιος, Δομίτιος, ὃν Σκιπίων ὁ μέγας ἀνθʼ ἑαυτοῦ τῷ ἀδελφῷ Λευκίῳ παρακατέστησεν ἐν τῷ πρὸς Ἀντίοχον πολέμῳ, κατασκεψάμενος τὴν τῶν πολεμίων φάλαγγα, καὶ τῶν περὶ αὐτὸν ἡγεμονικῶν εὐθὺς ἐπιχειρεῖν κελευόντων, ἔφη τὴν ὥραν οὐκ ἐπαρκεῖν, ἵνα τοσαύτας μυριάδας κατακόψαντες καὶ διαρπάσαντες τὴν. ἀποσκευὴν ἐπανελθόντες εἰς τὸ στρατόπεδον ἑαυτῶν ἐπιμεληθῶσι, τὸ δὲ αὐτὸ ποιήσειν αὔριον καθʼ ὥραν καὶ συμβαλὼν τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ πεντακισμυρίους τῶν πολεμίων ἀνεῖλεν.

[¶38] 79.1. Publius Licinius, consul in command of the army, was defeated by Perseus, king of the Macedonians, in a cavalry battle, with the loss of two thousand eight hundred men killed or captured. After the battle, when Perseus sent envoys regarding a treaty of peace, the vanquished bade the victor submit his case to the Romans.

> Greek: 79.1. Πόπλιος Λικίνιος ὕπατος στρατηγός, ἡττηθεὶς ὑπὸ Περσέως τοῦ Μακεδόνων βασιλέως ἱππομαχίᾳ, δισχιλίους ὀκτακοσίους ἀπέβαλε τοὺς μὲν πεσόντας τοὺς δὲ ἁλόντας· ἐπεὶ δὲ μετὰ τὴν μάχην ἔπεμψεν ὁ Περσεὺς πρέσβεις περὶ σπονδῶν καὶ εἰρήνης, ἐκέλευεν ὁ νενικημένος τὸν νενικηκότα Ῥωμαίοις ἐπιτρέπειν τὰ καθʼ αὑτόν.

[¶39] 80.1. Paulus Aemilius, when he was a candidate for a second term as consul, failed of election. But when the war against Perseus and the Macedonians dragged on because of the inexperience and effeminacy of the generals, the people appointed him consul. But he said he owed no thanks to them; for it was not because he wanted office, but because they wanted an officer, that he was chosen general.

> Greek: 80.1. Παῦλος Αἰμίλιος δευτέραν ὑπατείαν μετελθὼν ἀπέτυχεν· ἐπεὶ δὲ τοῦ πρὸς Περσέα καὶ Μακεδόνας πολέμου μῆκος λαμβάνοντος ἀπειρίᾳ καὶ μαλακίᾳ τῶν στρατηγῶν, ἐκεῖνον ὕπατον ἀπέδειξαν, οὐκ ἔφη χάριν ἔχειν αὐτοῖς· οὐ γὰρ αὐτὸς ἀρχῆς δεόμενος, ὡς ἐκείνων ἄρχοντος, ᾑρῆσθαι στρατηγός ἐλθὼν δὲ εἰς οἶκον ἐξ ἀγορᾶς καὶ τὴν Τερτίαν τὸ θυγάτριον εὑρὼν δεδακρυμένον ἐπυνθάνετο τὴν αἰτίαν·

[¶40] 80.2. Coming home from the Forum and finding Tertia, his little daughter, in tears, he asked the reason. And she said, “Our Perseus is dead.” (It was a pet dog which had that name.) “Good luck be with me, my girl,” said he; “I accept the omen.”

> Greek: 80.2. εἰπούσης δὲ ὅτι Περσεὺς τέθνηκεν ἡμῖν κυνίδιον δʼ ἦν οὕτως ὀνομαζόμενον, ἀγαθῇ τύχῃ εἶπεν ὦ θύγατερ καὶ δέχομαι τὸν οἰωνόν.

[¶41] 80.3. Finding at camp much boldness and talk on the part of would-be generals and meddlers, he told them to keep quiet, and only sharpen their swords, and he would attend to everything else.

> Greek: 80.3. εὑρὼν δὲ ἐπὶ στρατοπέδου πολλὴν θρασύτητα καὶ λαλιὰν παραστρατηγούντων καὶ πολυπραγμονούντων ἐκέλευσεν ἡσυχίαν ἔχειν καὶ ποιεῖν ὀξείας τὰς μαχαίρας μόνον, αὑτῷ δὲ τῶν ἄλλων μελήσειν.

[¶42] 80.4. He gave orders that the sentinels at night should stand guard without spear or sword, so that, with no hope of defending themselves against the enemy, they might better contend against sleep.

> Greek: 80.4. τὰς δὲ νυκτερινὰς φυλακὰς ἐκέλευσεν φυλάσσειν ἄνευ λόγχης καὶ ξίφους, ὅπως ἀμύνασθαι τοὺς πολεμίους ἀπεγνωκότες μᾶλλον καὶ διαμαχοῦνται πρὸς τὸν ὕπνον.

[¶43] 80.5. Having invaded Macedonia by way of the mountains, and seeing the enemy standing in battle array, he said, in answer to Nasica’s urgings to attack at once, “Oh yes, if I were of your age; but much experience forbids me to fight, immediately after a march, against an army standing in battle array.”

> Greek: 80.5. ἐμβαλὼν δὲ διὰ τῶν ἄκρων εἰς Μακεδονίαν καὶ συντεταγμένους ἰδὼν τοὺς πολεμίους, τοῦ Νασικᾶ παρακαλοῦντος αὐτὸν εὐθὺς ἐπιχειρεῖν εἴγε τὴν σὴν εἶπεν ἡλικίαν εἶχον, αἱ δὲ πολλαί με πεῖραι κωλύουσιν ἐκ πορείας πρὸς φάλαγγα συντεταγμένην μάχεσθαι.

[¶44] 80.6. Having vanquished Perseus, he said, as he was carrying out the entertainments to celebrate the victory, that it was a part of the same proficiency to provide an army most terrifying to an enemy and a party most agreeable to friends.

> Greek: 80.6. νικήσας δὲ τὸν Περσέα καὶ τὰς ἐπινικίους ποιούμενος ἑστιάσεις ἔλεγε τῆς αὐτῆς ἐμπειρίας εἶναι στράτευμα φοβερώτατον πολεμίοις καὶ συμπόσιον ἥδιστον φίλοις παρασχεῖν.

[¶45] 80.7. Perseus, having been made a prisoner, indignantly spurned the thought of being made a part of his victor’s triumph. “That rests with you,” said Aemilius, thereby giving him leave to make away with himself.

> Greek: 80.7. τοῦ δὲ Περσέως αἰχμαλώτου γενομένου καὶ παρακρουομένου τὸν θρίαμβον ἐπὶ σοί εἶπε τοῦτʼ ἐστίν, ἐξουσίαν διδοὺς αὐτῷ ἑαυτὸν ἀνελεῖν.

[¶46] 80.8. Of the unlimited treasure which was found he took nothing himself, but to his son-in-law Tubero he gave a silver goblet of five pounds weight in recognition of his supreme valour. And this, they say, is the first silver heirloom that ever found its way into the Aelian house.

> Greek: 80.8. χρημάτων δὲ ἀπείρων εὑρεθέντων, αὐτὸς μὲν οὐκ ἔλαβε, τῷ δὲ γαμβρῷ Τουβέρωνι φιάλην ἀργυρᾶν ὁλκῆς πέντε λιτρῶν ἀριστεῖον ἔδωκε. καὶ τοῦτό φασι πρῶτον εἰς τὸν Αἰλίων οἶκον εἰσελθεῖν κειμήλιον ἀργυροῦν.

[¶47] 80.9. Of the four male children that were born to him, two he happened to have given to others for adoption. Of the two that were at home one died five days before his triumph, at the age of fourteen, and the other five days after the triumph, at the age of twelve. When he went forth, and the people expressed their compassion and sympathy, he said that now he had no fears or misgivings about his country, since Fortune had thrust upon his house the retribution due for all their good fortune, and he had received this in behalf of all.

> Greek: 80.9. τεσσάρων δὲ παίδων ἀρρένων αὐτῷ γεγονότων, δύο μὲν πρότερον ἐτύγχανεν ἐκδεδωκὼς ἑτέροις θέσθαι· δυεῖν δὲ ὄντων ἐπὶ τῆς οἰκίας ὁ μὲν ἡμέραις πέντε πρὸ τοῦ θριάμβου, τεσσαρεσκαίδεκα γεγονὼς ἔτη, ἀπέθανεν, ὁ δὲ ὕστερον πέντε τοῦ θριάμβου, δωδεκαέτης. προελθὼν δέ, τοῦ δήμου συναλγοῦντος αὐτῷ καὶ συμπενθοῦντος, νῦν ἔφη περὶ τῆς πατρίδος ἀδεὴς γεγονέναι καὶ ἀκίνδυνος, ὁπότε τῶν εὐτυχημάτων τὴν νέμεσιν εἰς τὸν οἶκον ἀπερεισαμένης τῆς τύχης ὑπὲρ πάντων αὐτὸς ἀναδέδεκται.

[¶48] 81.1. The Elder Cato, in assailing the profligacy and extravagance rife among the people, said that it was hard to talk to a belly which had no ears.

> Greek: 81.1. Κάτων ὁ πρεσβύτερος ἐν τῷ δήμῳ τῆς ἀσωτίας καὶ πολυτελείας καθαπτόμενος εἶπεν ὡς χαλεπόν ἐστι λέγειν πρὸς γαστέρα ὦτα μὴ ἔχουσαν.

[¶49] 81.2. He said he wondered how a city could continue to exist unscathed in which a fish sold for more than an ox!

> Greek: 81.2. θαυμάζειν δὲ πῶς σῴζεται πόλις, ἐν ᾗ πωλεῖται πλείονος ἰχθὺς ἢ βοῦς.

[¶50] 81.3. In bitter criticism of the prevalent domination of women, he said, “All mankind rules its women, and we rule all mankind, but our women rule us.”

> Greek: 81.3. λοιδορῶν δέ ποτε τὴν ἐπιπολάζουσαν γυναικοκρατίαν πάντες εἶπεν ἄνθρωποι τῶν γυναικῶν ἄρχουσιν, ἡμεῖς δὲ πάντων ἀνθρώπων, ἡμῶν δὲ αἱ γυναῖκες.

[¶51] 81.4. He said that he preferred to receive no thanks when he had done a favour rather than to suffer no punishment when he had done a wrong, and that he always granted pardon to all who erred, with the single exception of himself. In trying to stimulate the officials to administer sharp rebuke to the erring, he used to say that, if those who have the power to discourage crime do not discourage it, then they encourage it.

> Greek: 81.4. δὲ βούλεσθαι μᾶλλον εὐεργετήσας μὴ κομίσασθαι χάριν ἢ μὴ ὑποσχεῖν κόλασιν ἀδικήσας, καὶ πᾶσιν ἀεὶ τοῖς ἁμαρτάνουσι χωρὶς ἑαυτοῦ δοῦναι συγγνώμην παρορμῶν δὲ τοὺς ἄρχοντας ἐπιτιμᾶν τοῖς ἁμαρτάνουσιν ἔλεγε τοὺς δυναμένους κωλύειν τοὺς κακῶς ποιοῦντας, ἐὰν μὴ κωλύωσι, κελεύειν.

[¶52] 81.6. He said that it gave him more joy to see those of the youth that blushed than those that blanched.

> Greek: 81.6. τῶν δὲ νέων ἔφη χαίρειν τοῖς ἐρυθριῶσι μᾶλλον, ἢ τοῖς ὠχριῶσι.

[¶53] 81.7. He said that he hated a soldier who plied his hands in marching and his feet in fighting, and whose snore was louder than his battle-cry.

> Greek: 81.7. στρατιώτην δὲ μισεῖν, ὃς ἐν τῷ περιπατεῖν τὰς χεῖρας, ἐν δὲ τῷ μάχεσθαι τοὺς πόδας κινεῖ, ῥέγχει δὲ μεῖζον ἢ ἀλαλάζει.

[¶54] 81.8. He said that the worst ruler is one who cannot rule himself.

> Greek: 81.8. κάκιστον δέ ἔλεγεν ἄρχοντα εἶναι τὸν ἄρχειν ἑαυτοῦ μὴ δυνάμενον.

[¶55] 81.9. He thought it especially necessary for every man to respect himself, since no man is ever separated from himself.

> Greek: 81.9. μάλιστα δὲ ἐνόμιζε δεῖν ἕκαστον ἑαυτὸν αἰδεῖσθαι· μηδένα γὰρ ἑαυτοῦ μηδέποτε χωρὶς εἶναι.

[¶56] 81.10. Seeing that statues were being set up in honour of many men, he said, “As for myself, I had rather that men should ask why there is not a statue of Cato than why there is.”

> Greek: 81.10. πολλῶν δὲ ὁρῶν ἀνισταμένους ἀνδριάντας ἐμοῦ δέ ἔφη ἐρωτᾶν βούλομαι μᾶλλον τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, διὰ τί ἀνδριὰς οὐ κεῖται Κάτωνος ἢ διὰ τί κεῖται.

[¶57] 81.11. He charged those in power to be sparing of their authority, so that authority might continue always to be theirs.

> Greek: 81.11. φείδεσθαι δὲ τῆς ἐξουσίας παρεκάλει τοὺς δυναμένους, ὅπως ἀεὶ παραμένοι τὸ ἐξεῖναι.

[¶58] 81.12. He used to say that those who rob virtue of honour rob youth of virtue. An official or a judge, he said, ought neither to require importuning to grant what is right nor to yield to importuning to grant what is wrong.

> Greek: 81.12. τοὺς δὲ τῆς ἀρετῆς τὴν τιμὴν ἀφαιροῦντας ἔλεγε τὴν ἀρετὴν ἀφαιρεῖν τῆς νεότητος τὸν δὲ ἄρχοντα ἢ κριτὴν ἔλεγε δεῖν μήτε ὑπὲρ τῶν δικαίων λιπαρεῖσθαι μήτε ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀδίκων ἐκλιπαρεῖσθαι.

[¶59] 81.14. Wrongdoing, he used to say, even if it brings no risk to its authors, brings risk to all.

> Greek: 81.14. τὴν δὲ ἀδικίαν ἔλεγε τοῖς ἀδικοῦσι κἂν μὴ φέρῃ κίνδυνον, ἅπασι φέρειν.

[¶60] 81.15. He used to say that, since there are so many odious things connected with old age, it is only right not to add the odium which comes from vice.

> Greek: 81.15. τῷ δὲ γήρᾳ πολλῶν αἰσχρῶν παρόντων ἠξίου μὴ προστιθέναι τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς κακίας αἰσχύνην.

[¶61] 81.16. He had an idea that the man who has lost his temper differs from him who has lost his mind only in duration of time.

> Greek: 81.16. τὸν δὲ ὀργιζόμενον ἐνόμιζε τοῦ μαινομένου χρόνῳ διαφέρειν.

[¶62] 81.17. He said that those who use their good fortune reasonably and moderately are least envied; for people envy not us but our surroundings.

> Greek: 81.17. ἥκιστα δὲ φθονεῖσθαι τοὺς τῇ τύχῃ χρωμένους ἐπιεικῶς καὶ μετρίως· οὐ γὰρ ἡμῖν ἀλλὰ τοῖς περὶ ἡμᾶς φθονοῦσι.

[¶63] 81.18. He used to say that those who are serious in ridiculous matters will be ridiculous in serious matters.

> Greek: 81.18. τοὺς δὲ σπουδάζοντας ἐν τοῖς γελοίοις ἔλεγεν ἐν τοῖς σπουδαίοις ἔσεσθαι καταγελάστους.

[¶64] 81.19. He used to say that it is necessary to make good deeds secure by means of good deeds, so that they may not fall off in their repute.

> Greek: 81.19. τὰς καλὰς πράξεις ἔλεγε δεῖν καταλαμβάνειν πράξεσι καλαῖς, ἵνα μὴ τῆς δόξης ἀπορρέωσιν.

[¶65] 81.20. He used to rebuke the citizens for electing always the same men to office. “For,” said he, “you will give the impression that you hold office to be of no great worth, or else that you hold not many men to be worthy of office.”

> Greek: 81.20. ἐπετίμα δὲ τοῖς πολίταις ἀεὶ τοὺς αὐτοὺς αἱρουμένοις ἄρχοντας· δόξετε γάρ εἰπεῖν μὴ πολλοῦ τὸ ἄρχειν ἄξιον ἢ μὴ πολλοὺς τοῦ ἄρχειν ἀξίους ἡγεῖσθαι.

[¶66] 81.21. He pretended to be amazed at the man who had sold his lands bordering on the sea as being himself stronger than the sea. “For,” said he, “what the sea only laps, this man has easily drunk up.”

> Greek: 81.21. τὸν δὲ τοὺς παραλίους ἀγροὺς πεπρακότα προσεποιεῖτο θαυμάζειν ὡς ἰσχυρότερον τῆς θαλάσσης· ἃ γὰρ ἐκείνη μόλις ἐπικλύζει, οὗτος ῥᾳδίως καταπέπωκε τιμητείαν δὲ μετιὼν καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους ὁρῶν δεομένους τῶν πολλῶν καὶ κολακεύοντας, αὐτὸς ἐβόα τὸν δῆμον ἀποτόμου χρείαν ἔχειν ἰατροῦ καὶ μεγάλου καθαρμοῦ·

[¶67] 81.22. When he was a candidate for the censorship, and saw the other candidates soliciting the populace and flattering them, he himself cried out that the people had need of a stern physician and a thorough cleansing; they must choose not the most agreeable but the most inexorable man. As a result of his words he was the first choice of the electors. In instructing the young men to fight boldly, he said that ofttimes talk is better than the sword and the voice better than the hand to rout and bewilder the enemy.

> Greek: 81.22. δεῖν οὖν μὴ τὸν ἥδιστον, ἀλλὰ τὸν ἀπαραίτητον αἱρεῖσθαι καὶ ταῦτα λέγων ᾑρέθη πρὸ πάντων. διδάσκων δὲ τοὺς νέους εὐθαρσῶς μάχεσθαι πολλάκις ἔλεγε τοῦ ξίφους τὸν λόγον μᾶλλον καὶ τὴν φωνὴν τῆς χειρὸς τρέπειν καὶ καταπλήττειν τοὺς πολεμίους.

[¶68] 81.24. When he was waging war against the peoples living by the river Baetis, he was put in great peril by the vast numbers of the enemy. The Celtiberians were ready and willing to come to his aid for forty thousand pounds, but the other Romans were against agreeing to pay barbarian men. Cato said they were all wrong; for if they were victorious, the payment would come not from themselves, but from the enemy; and if they were vanquished there would be no debtors and no creditors.

> Greek: 81.24. ἐπεὶ δὲ πολεμῶν τοῖς περὶ τὸν Βαῖτιν ποταμὸν οἰκοῦσιν εἰς κίνδυνον ὑπὸ πλήθους τῶν πολεμίων κατέστη, τῶν μὲν Κελτιβήρων ἐπὶ διακοσίοις ταλάντοις βουλομένων βοηθεῖν, τῶν δὲ Ῥωμαίων οὐκ ἐώντων ὁμολογεῖν μισθὸν ἀνθρώποις βαρβάροις, ἁμαρτάνειν ἔφησεν αὐτούς· νικῶντας μὲν γὰρ ἀποδώσειν οὐ παρʼ αὑτῶν ἀλλὰ παρὰ τῶν πολεμίων· ἡττωμένων δέ, μήτε τοὺς ἀπῃτημένους μήτε τοὺς ἀπαιτοῦντας ἔσεσθαι.

[¶69] 81.25. He captured cities more in number, as he says, than the days he spent among the enemy, yet he himself took nothing from the enemy’s country beyond what he ate and drank.

> Greek: 81.25. πλείονας δὲ πόλεις ἑλών, ὥς φησι, τῶν ἡμερῶν ἃς διέτριψεν ἐν τοῖς πολεμίοις, οὐδὲν αὐτὸς πλέον λαβεῖν ὧν ἔφαγε καὶ ἔπιεν ἐκ τῆς πολεμίας.

[¶70] 81.26. He distributed to each soldier a pound of silver, saying it was better that many should return from the campaign with silver than a few with gold. For the officials, he said, ought to accept no other increase in the provinces except the increase of their repute.f He had five persons to wait upon him in the campaign, one of whom bought three of the captives.

> Greek: 81.26. τῶν δὲ στρατιωτῶν ἑκάστῳ λίτραν ἀργύρου διανείμας φησὶ βέλτιον εἶναι πολλοὺς ἔχοντας ἀργύριον ἢ ὀλίγους χρυσίον ἀπὸ τῆς στρατείας ἐπανελθεῖν· τῶν γὰρ ἀρχόντων οὐδὲν ἄλλο δεῖν ἐν ταῖς ἐπαρχίαις ἢ τὴν δόξαν αὐξάνεσθαι.

[¶71] 81.27. But when he discovered that Cato knew of it, he did not wait to come before his master, but hanged himself.

> Greek: 81.27. πέντε δὲ οἰκέτας εἶχεν ἐπὶ τῆς στρατείας, ὧν εἷς αἰχμάλωτα σώματα τρία πριάμενος, ὡς οὐκ ἔλαθε τὸν Κάτωνα, πρὶν εἰς ὄψιν ἐλθεῖν, ἀπήγξατο.

[¶72] 81.28. He was urged by Scipio Africanus to lend his influence to help the banished Achaeans to return to their homes, but he made as though he cared nothing about the matter; in the Senate, however, where the subject aroused much discussion, he arose and said, “We sit here as if we had nothing to do, debating about some poor old Greeks whether they shall be carried to their graves by bearers who live in our country or in Greece.”

> Greek: 81.28. παρακληθεὶς δὲ ὑπὸ Σκιπίωνος Ἀφρικανοῦ τοῖς Ἀχαιῶν συλλαβέσθαι φυγάσιν, ὅπως εἰς τὰς πατρίδας κατέλθωσιν, προσεποιεῖτο μηδὲν αὐτῷ μέλειν τοῦ πράγματος· ἐν δὲ τῇ συγκλήτῳ πολλῶν γινομένων λόγων ἀναστὰς ὥσπερ οὐκ ἔχοντες εἶπεν ὃ πράττωμεν, καθήμεθα περὶ Γραικῶν γεροντίων ζητοῦντες πότερον ὑπὸ τῶν παρʼ ἡμῖν ἢ ὑπὸ τῶν ἐκεῖ νεκροφόρων ἐξενεχθῶσι.

[¶73] 81.29. Postumius Albinus wrote a history in the Greek language, in which he craved the indulgence of his readers. Cato said sarcastically that he ought to be granted indulgence if he had written the book under compulsion by a decree of the Ampictyonic Council!

> Greek: 81.29. Ποστουμίου δὲ Ἀλβίνου γράψαντος ἱστορίας Ἑλληνιστὶ καὶ συγγνώμην παρὰ τῶν ἀκροωμένων αἰτοῦντος, εἰρωνευόμενος ὁ Κάτων ἔφη δοτέον εἶναι συγγνώμην, εἰ τῶν Ἀμφικτυόνων ψηφισαμένων ἀναγκασθεὶς ἔγραψε, Σκιπίωνα τὸν νεώτερον λέγουσιν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα καὶ τέτταρσιν, οἷς ἐβίωσε, μηδὲν πρίασθαι μηδὲν ἀποδόσθαι μηδὲν οἰκοδομῆσαι, λίτρας δὲ ἀργύρου τρεῖς καὶ τριάκοντα μόνας ἐν οὐσίᾳ μεγάλῃ δύο δὲ χρυσίου καταλιπεῖν·

[¶74] 82.1. The Younger Scipio, they say, in the fifty-four years of his life bought nothing, sold nothing, built nothing, and left only thirty-three pounds of silver and two of gold in a great estate. So little he left, in spite of the fact that he was master of Carthage, and was the one among the generals who had made his soldiers richest. He observed the precept of Polybius, and tried never to leave the Forum before he had in some way made an acquaintance and friend of somebody among those who spoke with him.

> Greek: 82.1. καὶ ταῦτα Καρχηδόνος κύριον ὄντα καὶ μάλιστα τῶν στρατηγῶν πλουτίσαντα τοὺς στρατιώτας. τὸ δὲ Πολυβίου παράγγελμα διαφυλάττων ἐπειρᾶτο μὴ πρότερον ἐξ ἀγορᾶς ἀπελθεῖν ἢ ποιήσασθαί τινα συνήθη καὶ φίλον ἁμωσγέπως τῶν ἐντυγχανόντων.

[¶75] 82.3. While he was still a young man he had such repute for bravery and sagacity that when Cato the Elder was asked about the men in the army at Carthage, of whom Scipio was one, he said, “He, and he only, has wisdom; the rest are but fluttering shadows.”

> Greek: 82.3. ἔτι δὲ νέος ὢν τοσαύτην εἶχε δόξαν ἀνδρείας καὶ συνέσεως, ὥστε Κάτωνα μὲν τὸν πρεσβύτερον εἰπεῖν ἐρωτηθέντα περὶ τῶν ἐν Καρχηδόνι στρατευομένων, ἐν οἷς καὶ Σκιπίων ἦν, οἶος πέπνυται, τοὶ δὲ σκιαὶ ἀίσσουσιν.

[¶76] 82.4. When he came to Rome from a campaign, the people called him to office, not by way of showing favour to him, but hoping through him to capture Carthage speedily and easily.

> Greek: 82.4. εἰς δὲ τὴν Ῥώμην ἐλθόντος ἀπὸ στρατείας, ἐκάλουν αὐτὸν οὐκ ἐκείνῳ χαριζόμενοι, ἀλλʼ ὡς Καρχηδόνα διʼ ἐκείνου ταχὺ καὶ ῥᾳδίως ληψόμενοι·

[¶77] 82.5. After he had passed the outer wall, the Carthaginians stoutly defended themselves in the citadel. He perceived that the sea lying between was not very deep, and Polybius advised him to scatter in it iron balls with projecting points, or else to throw into it planks full of spikes so that the enemy might not cross and attack the Roman ramparts. But Scipio said that it was ridiculous, after they were in possession of the walls and well within the city, to endeavour to avoid fighting the enemy.

> Greek: 82.5. ἐπεὶ δὲ παρελθὼν εἰς τὸ τεῖχος, τῶν Καρχηδονίων ἐκ τῆς ἄκρας ἀμυνομένων, μὴ σὺ τὴν διὰ μέσου θάλασσαν οὐ πάνυ βαθεῖαν οὖσαν τοῦ Πολυβίου συμβουλεύοντος αὐτῷ κατασπεῖραι τριβόλους σιδηροῦς ἢ σανίδας ἐμβαλεῖν κεντρωτάς, ὅπως μὴ διαβαίνοντες οἱ πολέμιοι προσμάχωνται τοῖς χώμασιν· ἔφη γελοῖον εἶναι κατειληφότας τὰ τείχη καὶ τῆς πόλεως ἐντὸς ὄντας εἶτα πράττειν ὅπως οὐ μαχοῦνται τοῖς πολεμίοις.

[¶78] 82.6. He found the city full of Greek statues and votive offerings, which had come from Sicily, and so he caused proclamation to be made that the men from those cities who were there might identify them and carry them away.

> Greek: 82.6. εὑρὼν δὲ τὴν πόλιν ἀνδριάντων Ἑλληνικῶν καὶ ἀναθημάτων ἀπὸ Σικελίας μεστὴν οὖσαν, ἐκήρυξε τοὺς ἀπὸ τῶν πόλεων παρόντας ἐπιγινώσκειν καὶ κομίζεσθαι.

[¶79] 82.7. He would not allow either slave or freedman of his to take anything or even buy anything from the spoil, when everybody was engaged in looting and plundering.

> Greek: 82.7. τῶν δὲ χρημάτων οὔτε δοῦλον οὔτε ἀπελεύθερον εἴα λαβεῖν οὐδένα, ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ πρίασθαι πάντων ἀγόντων καὶ φερόντων.

[¶80] 82.8. He was active in the support of Gaius Laelius, the dearest of his friends, when he was a candidate for the consulship, and he inquired of Pompey whether he also was a candidate. (It was reputed that Pompey was the son of a flute-player.) Pompey said that he was not a candidate, and offered to take Laelius about with him and help him in his canvass, and they, believing his words and waiting for his co-operation, were completely deceived. For it was reported that Pompey was himself going about and soliciting the citizens. The others were indignant, but Scipio laughed and said, “It is because of our own stupidity; for, just as if we were intending to call not upon men but upon gods, we have been wasting any amount of time in waiting for a flute-player!”

> Greek: 82.8. Γαΐῳ δὲ Λαιλίῳ τῷ φιλτάτῳ τῶν ἑταίρων ὑπατείαν μετιόντι συμπράττων ἐπηρώτησε Πομπήιον εἰ καὶ αὐτὸς ὑπατείαν μέτεισιν· ἐδόκει δὲ ὁ Πομπήιος υἱὸς αὐλητοῦ γεγονέναι· τοῦ δὲ φήσαντος μὴ μετιέναι, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν Λαίλιον ἐπαγγελλόμενος συμπεριάξειν καὶ συναρχαιρεσιάσειν, πιστεύσαντες καὶ περιμένοντες ἐκείνῳ ἐξηπατήθησαν· ἀπηγγέλλετο γὰρ αὐτὸς ἐν ἀγορᾷ περιιὼν καὶ δεξιούμενος τοὺς πολίτας. ἀγανακτούντων δὲ τῶν ἄλλων, ὁ Σκιπίων γελάσας ἀβελτερίᾳ γε εἶπεν ἡμῶν, καθάπερ οὐκ ἀνθρώπους μέλλοντες ἀλλὰ θεοὺς παρακαλεῖν, πάλαι διατρίβομεν αὐλητὴν ἀναμένοντες.

[¶81] 82.9. When Appius Claudius was his rival for the censorship, and asserted that he greeted all the Romans by name, while Scipio knew hardly one of them, Scipio said, “You are quite right; for I have not taken such pains to know many as to be unknown to none.”

> Greek: 82.9. Ἀππίου δὲ Κλαυδίου περὶ τῆς τιμητικῆς ἀρχῆς ἁμιλλωμένου πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ λέγοντος, ὅτι πάντας ὀνομαστὶ Ῥωμαίους αὐτὸς ἀσπάζεται, Σκιπίωνος ὀλίγου δεῖν ἀγνοοῦντος ἅπαντας, ἀληθῆ λέγεις εἶπεν ἐμοὶ γὰρ οὐκ εἰδέναι πολλοὺς ἀλλʼ ὑπὸ μηδενὸς ἀγνοεῖσθαι μεμέληκεν.

[¶82] 82.10. He bade the people, inasmuch as they happened to be waging war against the Celtiberians, to send out both himself and his rival either as legates or tribunes of the soldiers, and take the word and judgement of the fighting men in regard to the valour of each.

> Greek: 82.10. ἐκέλευε δὲ τοὺς πολίτας, ἐπειδὴ ἐτύγχανον πολεμοῦντες Κελτίβηρσιν, ἀμφοτέρους ἐπὶ τὴν στρατείαν ἐκπέμψαντας ἢ πρεσβευτὰς ἢ χιλιάρχους μάρτυρας λαμβάνειν καὶ κριτὰς τῆς ἑκάστου ἀρετῆς τοὺς πολεμοῦντας.

[¶83] 82.11. After he was made censor, he deprived a young knight of his horse because, at the time when war was being waged against Carthage, this young man had given an expensive dinner for which he had ordered an honey-cake to be made in the form of the city, and, calling this Carthage, he set it before the company for them to plunder. When the young man asked the reason why he had been degraded, Scipio said, “Because you plundered Carthage before I did!”

> Greek: 82.11. ἀποδειχθεὶς δὲ τιμητὴς νεανίσκου μὲν ἀφείλετο τὸν ἵππον, ὅτι δειπνῶν πολυτελῶς, ἐν ᾧ χρόνῳ Καρχηδὼν ἐπολεμεῖτο, μελίπηκτον εἰς σχῆμα τῆς πόλεως διαπλάσας καὶ τοῦτο Καρχηδόνα προσειπὼν προύθηκε διαρπάσαι τοῖς παροῦσι· καὶ πυνθανομένου τοῦ νεανίσκου τὴν αἰτίαν διʼ ἣν ἀφῄρηται τὸν ἵππον, ἐμοῦ γάρ ἔφη πρότερος Καρχηδόνα διήρπασας.

[¶84] 82.12. Seeing Gaius Licinius coming before him, he said, “I know that this man is guilty of perjury, but, since no one accuses him, I cannot myself be both accuser and judge.”

> Greek: 82.12. Γάιον δὲ Λικίνιον ἰδὼν παρερχόμενον οἶδα ἔφη τοῦτον ἐπιωρκηκότα τὸν ἄνδρα· μηδενὸς δὲ κατηγοροῦντος, οὐ δύναμαι κατήγορος αὐτὸς εἶναι καὶ δικαστής.

[¶85] 82.13. He was sent out by the Senate a third time for the purpose, as Cleitomachus says, of “Looking upon men’s arrogant acts and their acts of good order,” that is, as an inspector of cities, peoples, and kings; and when he arrived at Alexandria and, after disembarking, was walking with his toga covering his head, the Alexandrians quickly surrounded him, and insisted that he uncover and show his face to their yearning eyes. And so he uncovered amid shouting and applause. The king could hardly keep up with them in walking because of his inactive life and his pampering of his body, and Scipio whispered softly to Panaetius, “Already the Alexandrians have received some benefit from our visit. For it is owing to us that they have seen their king walk.”

> Greek: 82.13. ἐκπεμφθέντα δʼ αὐτὸν ὑπὸ τῆς βουλῆς τρίτον, ὥς φησι Κλειτόμαχος, ἀνθρώπων ὕβριν τε καὶ εὐνομίην ἐφορῶντα, πόλεων ἐθνῶν βασιλέων ἐπίσκοπον, ὡς εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν ἧκε καὶ τῆς νεὼς ἀποβὰς ἐβάδιζε κατὰ τῆς κεφαλῆς ἔχων τὸ ἱμάτιον, ἠξίουν ἀποκαλύψασθαι περιθέοντες οἱ Ἀλεξανδρεῖς καὶ δεῖξαι ποθοῦσιν αὐτοῖς τὸ πρόσωπον, τοῦ δὲ ἀποκαλυψαμένου, κραυγὴν καὶ κρότον ἐποίησαν. τοῦ δὲ βασιλέως μόλις ἁμιλλωμένου βαδίζουσιν αὐτοῖς διʼ ἀργίαν καὶ τρυφὴν τοῦ σώματος, ὁ Σκιπίων ἀτρέμα πρὸς τὸν Παναίτιον ψιθυρίσας εἶπεν ἤδη τι τῆς ἐπιδημίας ἡμῶν Ἀλεξανδρεῖς ἀπολελαύκασι· διʼ ἡμᾶς γὰρ ἑωράκασι τὸν βασιλέα περιπατοῦντα.

[¶86] 82.14. His one companion in his travels was a friend Panaetius, a philosopher, and there were five servants. When one of these died in a foreign land, he did not wish to buy another, and so sent for one from Rome.

> Greek: 82.14. συναπεδήμει δὲ αὐτῷ φίλος μὲν εἷς φιλόσοφος Παναίτιος, οἰκέται δὲ πέντε· καὶ τοῦ ἑνὸς ἀποθανόντος ἐπὶ τῆς ξένης, ἄλλον μὴ βουλόμενος πρίασθαι ἀπὸ τῆς Ῥώμης μετεπέμψατο.