---
title: "Summa Theologica, First Half"
author: "Thomas Aquinas"
translator: "Fathers of the English Dominican Province"
languages: [en]
shelf: "Medieval"
section: 780 of 1210
url: https://scriptura.si/works/thomas-aquinas-summa-theologica-first-half/780/
cite: "Thomas Aquinas, tr. Fathers of the English Dominican Province, Summa Theologica, First Half, section 780. Scriptura (scriptura.si), https://scriptura.si/works/thomas-aquinas-summa-theologica-first-half/780/"
---

# Summa Theologica, First Half

*Thomas Aquinas, tr. Fathers of the English Dominican Province*

God and creation, human action, law and grace, then faith, hope, charity and justice.

## 780. I–II · Question 109: Of the Necessity of Grace (ten Articles)

Source: https://scriptura.si/works/thomas-aquinas-summa-theologica-first-half/780/ · cite a paragraph as https://scriptura.si/works/thomas-aquinas-summa-theologica-first-half/780/#p-N

[¶0] OF THE NECESSITY OF GRACE (TEN ARTICLES)

[¶1] We must now consider the exterior principle of human acts, i.e. God, in so far as, through grace, we are helped by Him to do right: and, first, we must consider the grace of God; secondly, its cause; thirdly, its effects.

[¶2] The first point of consideration will be threefold: for we shall consider (1) The necessity of grace; (2) grace itself, as to its essence; (3) its division.

[¶3] Under the first head there are ten points of inquiry:

[¶4] (1) Whether without grace man can know anything?

[¶5] (2) Whether without God's grace man can do or wish any good?

[¶6] (3) Whether without grace man can love God above all things?

[¶7] (4) Whether without grace man can keep the commandments of the Law?

[¶8] (5) Whether without grace he can merit eternal life?

[¶9] (6) Whether without grace man can prepare himself for grace?

[¶10] (7) Whether without grace he can rise from sin?

[¶11] (8) Whether without grace man can avoid sin?

[¶12] (9) Whether man having received grace can do good and avoid sin without any further Divine help?

[¶13] (10) Whether he can of himself persevere in good?