1. When a man has found a horse to his mind, bought him and taken him home, it is well to have the stable so situated with respect to the house that his master can see him very often; and it is a good plan to have the stall so contrived that it will be as difficult to steal the horse’s fodderout of the manger as the master’s victuals from the larder. He who neglects this seems to me to neglect himself; for it is plain that in danger the master entrusts his life to his horse.
1. ὅταν γε μὴν ἀγασθεὶς ἵππον πρίηταί τις καὶ οἴκαδε ἀγάγηται, καλὸν μὲν ἐν τοιούτῳ τῆς οἰκίας τὸν σταθμὸν εἶναι ὅπου πλειστάκις ὁ δεσπότης ὄψεται τὸν ἵππον· ἀγαθὸν δὲ οὕτω κατεσκευάσθαι τὸν ἱππῶνα, ὥστε μηδὲν μᾶλλον οἷόν τʼ εἶναι τὸν τοῦ ἵππου σῖτον κλαπῆναι ἐκ τῆς φάτνης ἢ τὸν τοῦ δεσπότου ἐκ τοῦ ταμιείου. ὁ δὲ τούτου ἀμελῶν ἐμοὶ μὲν ἑαυτοῦ δοκεῖ ἀμελεῖν· δῆλον γὰρ ὅτι ἐν τοῖς κινδύνοις τὸ αὑτοῦ σῶμα τῷ ἵππῳ ὁ δεσπότης παρακατατίθεται.
2. But a well-secured stall is not only good for preventing theft of the fodder but also because one can see when the horse does not spill his food. And on noticing this one may be sure that either his body is overfull of blood and needs treatment or the horse is overworked and wants rest, or that laminitis or some other ailment is coming on. It is the same with horses as with men: all distempers in the early stage are more easily cured than when they have become chronic and have been wrongly treated.
2. ἔστι δὲ οὐ μόνον τοῦ μὴ κλέπτεσθαι ἕνεκα τὸν σῖτον ἀγαθὸς ὁ ἐχυρὸς ἱππών, ἀλλʼ ὅτι καὶ ὅταν [μὴ] ἐκκομίζῃ τὸν σῖτον ὁ ἵππος φανερὸν γίγνεται. τούτου δʼ ἄν τις αἰσθανόμενος γιγνώσκοι ὅτι ἢ τὸ σῶμα ὑπεραιμοῦν δεῖται θεραπείας ἢ κόπου ἐνόντος δεῖται ἀναπαύσεως, ἢ κριθίασις ἢ ἄλλη τις ἀρρωστία ὑποδύεται. ἔστι δὲ ὥσπερ ἀνθρώπῳ, οὕτω καὶ ἵππῳ ἀρχόμενα πάντα εὐιατότερα ἢ ἐπειδὰν ἐνσκιρωθῇ τε καὶ ἐξαμαρτηθῇ τὰ νοσήματα.
3. Just as the food and exercise of the horse must be attended to in order that he may keep sound, so his feet must be cared for. Now damp and slippery floors ruin even well-formed hoofs. In order that they may not be damp, the floors should have a slope to carry off the wet, and, that they may not be slippery, they should be paved all over with stones, each one about the size of the hoof. Such floors, indeed, have another advantage because they harden the feet of the horses standing on them.
3. ὥσπερ δὲ τοῦ ἵππου σίτου τε καὶ γυμνασίων ἐπιμελητέον, ὅπως ἂν τὸ σῶμα ἰσχύῃ, οὕτω καὶ τοὺς πόδας ἀσκητέον. τὰ μὲν τοίνυν ὑγρά τε καὶ λεῖα τῶν σταθμῶν λυμαίνεται καὶ ταῖς εὐφυέσιν ὁπλαῖς· τὰ δέ, ὡς μὲν μὴ ὑγρὰ εἶναι, ἀπόρρυτα, ὡς δὲ μὴ λεῖα, λίθους ἔχοντα κατορωρυγμένους, προσαλλήλους, παραπλησίους ὁπλαῖς τὸ μέγεθος … τὰ γὰρ τοιαῦτα σταθμὰ … καὶ ἐφεστηκότων ἅμα στερεοῖ τοὺς πόδας.
4. To take the next point: the groom must lead out the horse to clean him, and must loose him from the stall after the morning feed, that he may return to his evening feed with more appetite. Now the stableyard will be of the best form and will strengthen the feet if he throws down and spreads over it four or five loads of round stones, the size of a fist, about a pound in weight, and surrounds them with a border of iron so that they may not be scattered. Standing on these will have the same effect as if the horse walked on a stone road for some time every day.
4. ἔπειτά γε μὴν τῷ ἱπποκόμῳ ἐξακτέον μὲν τὸν ἵππον ὅπου ψήξει, μεταδετέον δὲ μετὰ τὸ ἄριστον ἀπὸ τῆς φάτνης, ἵνʼ ἥδιον ἐπὶ τὸ δεῖπνον ἴῃ. ὧδε δʼ ἂν αὖ ὁ ἔξω σταθμὸς βέλτιστος εἴη καὶ τοὺς πόδας καρτερύνοι, εἰ λίθων στρογγύλων ἀμφιδόχμων ὅσον μνααίων ἁμάξας τέτταρας καὶ πέντε χύδην καταβάλοι, περιχειλώσας σιδήρῳ, ὡς ἂν μὴ σκεδαννύωνται· ἐπὶ γὰρ τούτων ἑστηκὼς ὥσπερ ἐν ὁδῷ λιθώδει ἀεὶ μέρος ⟨τι⟩ τῆς ἡμέρας πορεύοιτο ⟨ἄν⟩·
5. When he is being rubbed down and teased with flies he is bound to use his hoofs in the same way as when he walks. The frogs also are hardened by stones scattered in this way. The same care must be taken to make his mouth tender as to harden his hoofs. This is done by the same methods as are employed to soften human flesh.
5. ἀνάγκη δὲ καὶ ψηχόμενον καὶ μυωπιζόμενον χρῆσθαι ταῖς ὁπλαῖς καθάπερ ὅταν βαδίζῃ. καὶ τὰς χελιδόνας δὲ τῶν ποδῶν οἱ οὕτω κεχυμένοι λίθοι στερεοῦσιν. ὡς δὲ περὶ τῶν ὁπλῶν ὅπως στερεαὶ ἔσονται ἐπιμελητέον, οὕτω καὶ τὰ περὶ τὸ στόμα αὖ ὅπως μαλακὰ ἔσται ἐπιμελεῖσθαι δεῖ. τὰ δʼ αὐτὰ ἀνθρώπου τε σάρκα καὶ ἵππου στόμα ἁπαλύνει.