1. The scent of the hare lies long in winter owing to the length of the nights, and for a short time in summer for the opposite reason. In the winter, however, there is no scent in the early morning whenever there is a white frost or the earth is frozen hard. For both white and black frost hold heat; since the one draws it out by its own strength, and the other congeals it.
1. τὰ δὲ ἴχνη τοῦ λαγῶ τοῦ μὲν χειμῶνος μακρά ἐστι διὰ τὸ μῆκος τῶν νυκτῶν· τοῦ δὲ θέρους βραχέα διὰ τὸ ἐναντίον. χειμῶνος μὲν οὖν πρῲ οὐκ ὄζει αὐτῶν, ὅταν πάχνη ᾖ ἢ παγετός· ἡ μὲν γὰρ πάχνη τῇ αὑτῆς ἰσχύι ἀντισπάσασα τὸ θερμὸν ἔχει ἐν ἑαυτῇ, ὁ δὲ παγετὸς ἐπιπήξας.
2. The hounds’ noses, too, are numbed by the cold, and they cannot smell when the tracks are in such a state until the tracks thaw in the sun or as day advances. Then the dogs can smell and the scent revives.
2. καὶ αἱ κύνες μαλκίουσαι τὰς ῥῖνας οὐ δύνανται αἰσθάνεσθαι ὅταν ᾖ τοιαῦτα, πρὶν ἂν ὁ ἥλιος διαλύσῃ αὐτὰ ἢ προϊοῦσα ἡ ἡμέρα· τότε δὲ καὶ αἱ κύνες ὀσφραίνονται καὶ αὐτὰ ἐπαναφερόμενα ὄζει.
3. A heavy dew, again, obliterates scent by carrying it downwards; and storms, occurring after a long interval, draw smells from the ground and make the earth bad for scent until it dries. South winds spoil scent, because the moisture scatters it, but north winds concentrate and preserve it, if it has not been previously dissolved.
3. ἀφανίζει δὲ καὶ ἡ πολλὴ δρόσος καταφέρουσα αὐτά, καὶ οἱ ὄμβροι οἱ γιγνόμενοι διὰ χρόνου ὀσμὰς ἄγοντες τὴν γῆν ποιοῦσι δύσοσμον, ἕως ἂν ψυχθῇ· χείρω δὲ καὶ τὰ νότια ποιεῖ· ὑγραίνοντα γὰρ διαχεῖ· τὰ δὲ βόρεια, ἐὰν ᾖ ἄλυτα, συνίστησι καὶ σῴζει.
4. Heavy showers drown it, and so does light rain, and the moon deadens it by its warmth, especially when at the full. Scent is most irregular at that time, for the hares, enjoying the light, fling themselves high in the air and jump a long way, frolicking with one another; and it becomes confused when foxes have crossed it.
4. οἱ δὲ ὑετοὶ κατακλύζουσι καὶ αἱ ψακάδες, καὶ ἡ σελήνη ἀμαυροῖ τῷ θερμῷ, μάλιστα δὲ ὅταν ᾖ πανσέληνος· καὶ μανότατα τότε· χαίροντες γὰρ τῷ φέγγει ἐπαναρριπτοῦντες μακρὰν διαίρουσιν ἀντιπαίζοντες· ταραχώδη δὲ ὅταν ἀλώπεκες προδιεξέλθωσι γίγνεται.
5. Spring with its genial temperature yields a clear scent, except where the ground is studded with flowers and hampers the hounds by mingling the odours of the flowers with it. In summer it is thin and faint, for the ground, being baked, obliterates what warmth it possesses, which is thin; and the hounds’ noses are not so good at that season, because their bodies are relaxed. In the autumn it is unimpeded; for the cultivated crops have been harvested and the weeds have withered, so that the odours of the herbage do not cause trouble by mingling with it.
5. τὸ δὲ ἔαρ κεκραμένον τῇ ὥρᾳ καλῶς παρέχει τὰ ἴχνη λαμπρά, πλὴν εἴ τι ἡ γῆ ἐξανθοῦσα βλάπτει τὰς κύνας, εἰς τὸ αὐτὸ συμμιγνύουσα τῶν ἀνθῶν τὰς ὀσμάς. λεπτὰ δὲ καὶ ἀσαφῆ τοῦ θέρους· διάπυρος γὰρ οὖσα ἡ γῆ ἀφανίζει τὸ θερμὸν ὃ ἔχουσιν· ἔστι γὰρ λεπτόν· καὶ αἱ κύνες ἧττον ὀσφραίνονται τότε διὰ τὸ ἐκλελύσθαι τὰ σώματα. τοῦ δὲ μετοπώρου καθαρά· ὅσα γὰρ ἡ γῆ φέρει, τὰ μὲν ἥμερα συγκεκόμισται, τὰ δὲ ἄγρια γήρᾳ διαλέλυται· ὥστε οὐ παραλυποῦσι τῶν καρπῶν αἱ ὀσμαὶ εἰς ταὐτὰ φερόμεναι.
6. In winter and summer and autumn the scent lies straight in the main. In spring it is complicated; for though the animal couples at all times, it does so especially at this season; so instinct prompts them to roam about together, and this is the result they produce.
6. ἔστι δὲ τοῦ χειμῶνος καὶ τοῦ θέρους καὶ τοῦ μετοπώρου τὰ ἴχνη ὀρθὰ ἐπὶ πολύ, τοῦ δʼ ἦρος συμπεπλεγμένα· τὸ γὰρ θηρίον συνδυάζεται μὲν ἀεί, μάλιστα δὲ ταύτην τὴν ὥραν· ὥστε διὰ τοῦτο ἐξ ἀνάγκης μετʼ ἀλλήλων πλανώμενοι τοιαῦτα ποιοῦσιν.
7. The scent left by the hare in going to her form lasts longer than the scent of a running hare. For on the way to the form the hare keeps stopping, whereas when on the run she goes fast; consequently the ground is packed with it in the one case, but in the other is not filled with it. In coverts it is stronger than in open ground, because she touches many objects while running about and sitting up.
7. ὄζει δὲ τῶν ἰχνῶν ἐπὶ πλείω χρόνον τῶν εὐναίων ἢ τῶν δρομαίων· τὰ μὲν γὰρ εὐναῖα ⟨ποιῶν⟩ ὁ λαγῶς πορεύεται ἐφιστάμενος, τὰ δὲ δρομαῖα ταχύ· ἡ γῆ οὖν τῶν μὲν πυκνοῦται, τῶν δὲ οὐ πίμπλαται. ἐν δὲ τοῖς ὑλώδεσι μᾶλλον ἢ ἐν τοῖς ψιλοῖς ὄζει· διατρέχων γὰρ καὶ ἀνακαθίζων ἅπτεται πολλῶν.
8. They find a resting-place where there is anything growing or lying on the ground, underneath anything, on the top of the objects, inside, alongside, well away or quite near or fairly near; occasionally even in the sea by springing on to anything she can reach, or in fresh water, if there is anything sticking out or growing in it, the hare, when going to her form generally choosing a sheltered place for it in cold weather and a cool one in hot, but in spring and autumn a place exposed to the sun; but hares on the run do not do that, because they are scared by the hounds.
8. κατακλίνονται δʼ εἰς ἃ ἡ γῆ φύει ἢ ἔχει ἐφʼ ἑαυτῆς ὑπὸ παντί, ἐπʼ αὐτῶν, ἐν αὐτοῖς, παρʼ αὐτά, ἄπωθεν πολύ, μικρόν, μεταξὺ τούτων· ὁτὲ δὲ καὶ ἐν τῇ θαλάττῃ διαρριπτῶν ἐπὶ τὸ δυνατὸν καὶ ἐν ὕδατι, ἐάν τι ᾖ ὑπερέχον ἢ ἐμπεφυκὸς ἐν τούτῳ· ὁ μὲν οὖν εὐναῖος ποιούμενος εὐνὴν ἐπὶ πολὺ ὅταν μὲν ᾖ ψύχη, ἐν εὐδιεινοῖς, ὅταν δὲ καύματα, ἐν παλισκίοις, τὸ δὲ ἔαρ καὶ τὸ μετόπωρον ἐν προσηλίοις· οἱ δὲ δρομαῖοι οὐχ οὕτως διὰ τὸ ὑπὸ τῶν κυνῶν ἔκπληκτοι γίγνεσθαι.
10. When she sits, she puts the hind-legs under the flanks, and most commonly keeps the fore-legs close together and extended, resting the chin on the ends of the feet, and spreading the ears over the shoulder-blades, so that she covers the soft parts. The hair too, being thick and soft, serves as a protection.
10. κατακλίνεται δὲ ὑποθεὶς τὰ ὑποκώλια ὑπὸ τὰς λαγόνας, τὰ δὲ πρόσθεν σκέλη τὰ πλεῖστα συνθεὶς καὶ ἐκτείνας, ἐπʼ ἄκρους δὲ τοὺς πόδας τὴν γένυν καταθείς, τὰ δὲ ὦτα ἐπιπετάσας ἐπὶ τὰς ὠμοπλάτας· οὕτω δὲ ὑποστέγει τὰ ὑγρά· ἔχει δὲ καὶ τὴν τρίχα στεγανήν· πυκνὴ γὰρ καὶ μαλακή.
11. When awake she blinks her eyelids; but when she is asleep the eyelids are wide open and motionless, and the eyes still. She moves her nostrils continually when sleeping, but less frequently when awake.
11. καὶ ὅταν μὲν ἐγρηγόρῃ, καταμύει τὰ βλέφαρα, ὅταν δὲ καθεύδῃ, τὰ μὲν βλέφαρα ἀναπέπταται ἀκίνητα, οἱ δὲ ὀφθαλμοὶ ἀτρέμας ἔχουσι· τοὺς δὲ μυκτῆρας, ὅταν μὲν εὕδῃ, κινεῖ πυκνά, ὅταν δὲ μή, ἧττον.
12. When the ground is bursting with vegetation they frequent the fields rather than the mountains. Wherever she may be she remains there when tracked, except when she is suddenly alarmed at night; in which case she moves off.
12. ὅταν δὲ ἡ γῆ βρύῃ, μᾶλλον τὰ ἔργα ἢ τὰ ὄρη ἔχουσιν. ὑπομένει δὲ πανταχοῦ ἰχνευόμενος, ἐὰν μήτι περίφοβος τῆς νυκτὸς γένηται· παθὼν δὲ τοῦτο ὑποκινεῖ.
13. The animal is so prolific that at the same time she is rearing one litter, she produces another and she is pregnant. The scent of the little leverets is stronger than that of the big ones; for while their limbs are still soft they drag the whole body on the ground.
13. πολύγονον δʼ ἐστὶν οὕτως, ὥστε τὰ μὲν τέτοκε, τὰ δὲ τίκτει, τὰ δὲ κύει. τῶν δὲ μικρῶν λαγίων ὄζει μᾶλλον ἢ τῶν μεγάλων· ἔτι γὰρ ὑγρομελῆ ὄντα ἐπισύρεται ὅλα ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς.
14. Sportsmen, however, leave the very young ones to the goddess. Yearlings go very fast in the first run, but then flag, being agile, but weak.
14. τὰ μὲν οὖν λίαν νεογνὰ οἱ φιλοκυνηγέται ἀφιᾶσι τῇ θεῷ. οἱ δὲ ἤδη ἔτειοι τάχιστα θέουσι τὸν πρῶτον δρόμον, τοὺς δʼ ἄλλους οὐκέτι· εἰσὶ γὰρ ἐλαφροί, ἀδύνατοι δέ.
15. Find the hare’s track by beginning with the hounds in the cultivated lands and gradually working downwards. To track those that do not come into cultivated land, search the meadows, valleys, streams, stones and woody places. If she moves off, don’t shout, or the hounds may get wild with excitement and fail to recognise the tracks.
15. λαμβάνειν δὲ τοῦ λαγῶ τὰ ἴχνη ὑπάγοντα τὰς κύνας ἐκ τῶν ἔργων ἄνωθεν· ὅσοι δὲ μὴ ἔρχονται αὐτῶν εἰς τὰ ἐργάσιμα, … τοὺς λειμῶνας, τὰς νάπας, τὰ ῥεῖθρα, τοὺς λίθους, τὰ ὑλώδη· καὶ ἐὰν ὑποκινῇ, μὴ ἀναβοᾶν, ἵνα μὴ αἱ κύνες ἔκφρονες γιγνόμεναι χαλεπῶς τὰ ἴχνη γνωρίζωσιν.
16. Hares when found by hounds and pursued sometimes cross brooks and double back and slip into gullies or holes. The fact is they are terrified not only of the hounds, but of eagles as well; for they are apt to be snatched up while crossing hillocks and bare ground until they are yearlings, and the bigger ones are run down and caught by the hounds.
16. εὑρισκόμενοι δὲ ὑπʼ αὐτῶν καὶ διωκόμενοι ἔστιν ὅτε διαβαίνουσι τὰ ῥεύματα καὶ ὑποκάμπτουσι καὶ καταδύονται εἰς φάραγγας καὶ εἰς ἰλεούς· πεφόβηνται γὰρ οὐ μόνον τὰς κύνας ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἀετούς· ὑπερβάλλοντες γὰρ τὰ σιμὰ καὶ τὰ ψιλὰ ἀναρπάζονται, ἕως ἂν ὦσιν ἔτειοι·
17. The swiftest are those that frequent mountains; those of the plain are not so speedy; and those of the marshes are the slowest. Those that roam over any sort of country are difficult to chase, since they know the short cuts. They run mostly uphill or on the level, less frequently in uneven ground, and very seldom downhill.
17. τοὺς δὲ μείζους ἐπιτρέχουσαι αἱ κύνες ἀναιροῦνται. ποδωκέστατοι μὲν οὖν εἰσιν οἱ ὄρειοι, οἱ πεδινοὶ δὲ ἧττον, βραδύτατοι δὲ οἱ ἕλειοι· οἱ δʼ ἐπὶ πάντας τοὺς τόπους πλανῆται χαλεποὶ πρὸς τοὺς δρόμους· τὰ γὰρ σύντομα ἴσασι· θέουσι γὰρ μάλιστα μὲν τὰ ἀνάντη ἢ τὰ ὁμαλά, τὰ δὲ ἀνώμαλα ἀνομοίως, τὰ δὲ κατάντη ἥκιστα.
18. When being pursued they are most conspicuous across ground that has been broken up, if they have some red in their coats, or across stubble, owing to the shadow they cast. They are also conspicuous in game paths and on roads if these are level, since the bright colour of their coats shows up in the light. But when their line of retreat is amongst stones, in the mountains, over rocky or thickly wooded ground they cannot be seen owing to the similarity of colouring.
18. διωκόμενοι δέ εἰσι κατάδηλοι μάλιστα μὲν διὰ γῆς κεκινημένης, ἐὰν ἔχωσιν ἔνιον ἐρύθημα, καὶ διὰ καλάμης διὰ τὴν ἀνταύγειαν· κατάδηλοι δὲ καὶ ἐν τοῖς τριμμοῖς καὶ ἐν ταῖς ὁδοῖς, ἐὰν ὦσιν ἰσόπεδοι· τὸ γὰρ φανὸν τὸ ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐνὸν ἀντιλάμπει· ἄδηλοι δέ, ὅταν ⟨κατὰ⟩ τοὺς λίθους, τὰ ὄρη, τὰ φελλία, τὰ δασέα ἀποχωρῶσι, διὰ τὴν ὁμόχροιαν.
19. When they are well ahead of the hounds, they will stop, and sitting up will raise themselves and listen for the baying or the footfall of the hounds anywhere near; and should they hear the sound of them from any quarter, they make off.
19. προλαμβάνοντες δὲ τὰς κύνας ἐφίστανται καὶ ἀνακαθίζοντες ἐπαίρουσιν αὑτοὺς καὶ ἐπακούουσιν, εἴ που πλησίον κλαγγὴ ἢ ψόφος τῶν κυνῶν· καὶ ὅθεν ἂν ἀκούσωσιν ἀποτρέπονται.
20. Occasionally, even when they hear no sound, some fancy or conviction prompts them to jump hither and thither past and through the same objects, mixing the tracks as they retreat.
20. ὁτὲ δὲ καὶ οὐκ ἀκούσαντες, ἀλλὰ δόξαντες ἢ πεισθέντες ὑφʼ αὑτῶν, παρὰ τὰ αὐτά, διὰ τῶν αὐτῶν, ἐπαλλάττοντες ἅλματα, ἐμποιοῦντες ἴχνεσιν ἴχνη, ἀποχωροῦσι.
21. The longest runners are those that are found on bare land, because they are exposed to view; the shortest, those found in thick covers, since the darkness hinders their flight. There are two species of hare.
21. καί εἰσι μακροδρομώτατοι μὲν οἱ ἐκ τῶν ψιλῶν εὑρισκόμενοι διὰ τὸ καταφανές, βραχυδρομώτατοι δὲ οἱ ἐκ τῶν δασέων· ἐμποδὼν γὰρ τὸ σκοτεινόν.
22. The large are dark brown, and the white patch on the forehead is large; the smaller are chestnut, with a small white patch.
22. δύο δὲ τὰ γένη ἐστὶν αὐτῶν· οἱ μὲν γὰρ μεγάλοι τὸ χρῶμα ἐπίπερκνοι καὶ τὸ λευκὸν τὸ ἐν τῷ μετώπῳ μέγα ἔχουσιν, οἱ δʼ ἐλάττους ἐπίξανθοι, μικρὸν τὸ λευκὸν ἔχοντες.
23. The larger have spots round the scut, the smaller at the side of it. The eyes in the large species are blue, in the small grey. The black at the tip of the ear is broad in the one species, narrow in the other.
23. τὴν δὲ οὐρὰν οἱ μὲν κύκλῳ περιποίκιλον, οἱ δὲ παράσειρον, καὶ τὰ ὄμματα οἱ μὲν χαροποί, οἱ δʼ ὑπόγλαυκοι· καὶ τὰ μέλανα τὰ περὶ τὰ ὦτα ἄκρα οἱ μὲν ἐπὶ πολύ, οἱ δʼ ἐπὶ μικρόν.
24. The smaller are found in most of the islands, both desert and inhabited. They are more plentiful in the islands than on the mainland, for in the majority of these there are no foxes to attack and carry off the hares and their young; nor eagles, for they haunt big mountains rather than small, and the mountains in the islands, generally speaking, are rather small.
24. ἔχουσι δὲ αὐτῶν αἱ πολλαὶ τῶν νήσων τοὺς ἐλάττους, αἵ τʼ ἔρημοι καὶ οἰκούμεναι· τὸ δὲ πλῆθος πλείους ἐν αὐταῖς ἢ ἐν ταῖς ἠπείροις· οὐ γάρ εἰσιν οὔτʼ ἀλώπεκες ἐν ταῖς πολλαῖς αὐτῶν, αἵτινες καὶ αὐτοὺς καὶ τὰ τέκνα ἐπιοῦσαι ἀναιροῦνται, οὔτε ἀετοί· τὰ μεγάλα γὰρ ὄρη ἔχουσι μᾶλλον ἢ τὰ μικρά· ἐλάττω δὲ ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ τὰ ἐν ταῖς νήσοις.
25. Hunters seldom visit the desert islands, and there are few people in the inhabited ones, and most of them are not sportsmen; and if an island is consecrated, one may not even take dogs into it. Since, then, but few of the old hares and the leverets that they produce are exterminated by hunting, they are bound to be abundant.
25. κυνηγέται δὲ εἰς μὲν τὰς ἐρήμους ὀλιγάκις ἀφικνοῦνται, ἐν δὲ ταῖς οἰκουμέναις ὀλίγοι γίγνονται καὶ οὐ φιλόθηροι οἱ πολλοί· εἰς δὲ τὰς ἱερὰς τῶν νήσων οὐδὲ διαβιβάζειν οἷόν τε κύνας. ὅταν οὖν τῶν τε ὑπαρχόντων ὀλίγους ἐκθηρῶνται καὶ τῶν ἐπιγιγνομένων, ἀνάγκη ἀφθόνους εἶναι.
26. The sight of the hare is not keen for several reasons. The eyes are prominent; the lids are too small and do not give protection to the pupils; consequently the vision is weak and blurred.
26. βλέπει δὲ οὐκ ὀξὺ διὰ πολλά· τά τε γὰρ ὄμματα ἔχει ἔξω καὶ τὰ βλέφαρα ἐλλείποντα καὶ οὐκ ἔχοντα προβολὴν ταῖς αὐγαῖς· ἡ ὄψις οὖν διὰ ταῦτα ἀμαυρά, ἐσκεδασμένη.
27. Added to this, though the animal spends much time asleep, it gets no benefit from that, so far as seeing goes. Its speed, too, accounts in no small degree for its dim sight. For it glances at an object and is past it in a flash, before realising its nature.
27. ἅμα δὲ τούτοις καὶ ἐν ὕπνῳ ὂν τὰ πολλὰ τὸ θηρίον οὐκ ὠφελεῖται πρὸς τὸ ὁρᾶν· καὶ ἡ ποδώκεια πρὸς τὸ ἀμβλυώττειν αὐτῷ πολὺ συμβάλλεται· ταχὺ γὰρ ἑκάστου παραφέρει τὴν ὄψιν πρὶν νοῆσαι ὅ τι ἐστί.
28. And those terrors, the hounds, close behind them when they are pursued combine with these causes to rob them of their wits. The consequence is that the hare bumps against many obstacles unawares and plunges into the net.
28. καὶ οἱ φόβοι τῶν κυνῶν ὅταν διώκωνται, ἑπόμενοι μετὰ τούτων συνεξαιροῦνται τὸ προνοεῖσθαι. ὥστε διὰ ταῦτα προσπίπτων λανθάνει πρὸς πολλὰ καὶ εἰς τὰς ἄρκυς ἐμπίπτων.
29. If she ran straight, she would seldom meet with this mishap. But instead of that she comes round and hugs the place where she was born and bred, and so is caught. In a fair run she is seldom beaten by the hounds owing to her speed. Those that are caught are beaten in spite of their natural characteristics through meeting with an accident. Indeed, there is nothing in the world of equal size to match the hare as a piece of mechanism. For the various parts that make up her body are formed as follows.
29. εἰ δʼ ἔφευγεν ὀρθόν, ὀλιγάκις ἂν ἔπασχε τὸ τοιοῦτον· νῦν δὲ περιβάλλων καὶ ἀγαπῶν τοὺς τόπους ἐν οἷς ἐγένετο καὶ ἐτράφη ἁλίσκεται. κατὰ πόδας δὲ οὐ πολλάκις ὑπὸ τῶν κυνῶν διὰ ⟨τὸ⟩ τάχος κρατεῖται· ὅσοι δὲ ἁλίσκονται, παρὰ φύσιν τοῦ σώματος, τύχῃ δὲ χρώμενοι· οὐδὲν γὰρ τῶν ὄντων ἰσομέγεθες τούτῳ ὅμοιόν ἐστι πρὸς ἁρμόν. σύγκειται γὰρ ἐκ τοιούτων τὸ σῶμα.
30. The head is light, small, drooping, narrow at the front; the ears are upright; the neck is thin, round, not stiff, and fairly long; the shoulder-blades are straight and free at the top; the fore-legs are agile and close together; the chest is not broad; the ribs are light and symmetrical; the loins are circular; the rump is fleshy; the flanks are soft and fairly spongy; the hips are round, well filled out, and the right distance apart at the top; the thighs are small and firm, muscular on the outside and not puffy on the inside; the shanks are long and firm; the fore-feet are extremely pliant and narrow and straight and the hind-feet hard and broad; and all four are indifferent to rough ground; the hind-legs are much longer than the fore-legs, and slightly bent outwards; the coat is short and light.
30. ἔχει γὰρ κεφαλὴν κούφην, μικράν, κατωφερῆ, στενὴν ἐκ τοῦ πρόσθεν, ⟨ὦτα ὑψηλά,⟩ τράχηλον λεπτόν, περιφερῆ, οὐ σκληρόν, μῆκος ἱκανόν, ὠμοπλάτας ὀρθάς, ἀσυνδέτους ἄνωθεν, σκέλη τὰ ἐπʼ αὐτῶν ἐλαφρά, σύγκωλα, στῆθος οὐ βαρύτονον, πλευρὰς ἐλαφράς, συμμέτρους, ὀσφῦν περιφερῆ, κωλῆν σαρκώδη, λαγόνας ὑγράς, λαπαρὰς ἱκανῶς, ἰσχία στρογγύλα, πλήρη κύκλῳ, ἄνωθεν δὲ ὡς χρὴ διεστῶτα, μηροὺς μικρούς, εὐπαγεῖς, ἔξωθεν μῦς ἐπιτεταμένους, ἔνδοθεν δὲ οὐκ ὀγκώδεις, ὑποκώλια μακρά, στιφρά, πόδας τοὺς πρόσθεν ἄκρως ὑγρούς, στενούς, ὀρθούς, τοὺς δὲ ὄπισθεν στερεούς, πλατεῖς, πάντας δὲ οὐδενὸς τραχέος φροντίζοντας, σκέλη τὰ ὄπισθεν μείζω πολὺ τῶν ἔμπροσθεν καὶ ἐγκεκλιμένα μικρὸν ἔξω, τρίχωμα βραχύ, κοῦφον.
31. With such a frame she cannot fail to be strong, pliant and very agile. Here is a proof of her agility. When going quietly, she springs—no one ever saw or ever will see a hare walking—bringing the hind-feet forward in advance of the fore-feet and outside them; and that is how she runs.
31. ἔστιν οὖν ἀδύνατον μὴ οὐκ εἶναι ἐκ τοιούτων συνηρμοσμένον ἰσχυρόν, ὑγρόν, ὑπερέλαφρον. τεκμήριον δὲ ὡς ἐλαφρόν ἐστιν· ὅταν ἀτρέμα διαπορεύηται, πηδᾷ—βαδίζοντα δὲ οὐδεὶς ἑώρακεν οὐδʼ ὄψεται—τιθεὶς εἰς τὸ ἐπέκεινα τῶν ἔμπροσθεν ποδῶν τοὺς ὄπισθεν καὶ ἔξω· καὶ θεῖ οὕτως.
32. This is obvious when snow is on the ground. The scut is of no assistance in running, for it is not able to steer the body owing to its shortness. The hare does this by means of one of her ears; and when she is roused by the hounds she drops one ear on the side on which she is being pressed and throws it aslant, and then bearing on this she wheels round sharply and in a moment leaves the assailant far behind.
32. δῆλον δὲ τοῦτο ἐν χιόνι. οὐρὰν δὲ οὐκ ἐπιτηδείαν ἔχει πρὸς δρόμον· ἐπευθύνειν γὰρ οὐχ ἱκανὴ τὸ σῶμα διὰ τὴν βραχύτητα· ἀλλὰ τῷ ὠτί ἑκατέρῳ τοῦτο ποιεῖ· καὶ ὅταν ἀνιστῆται ὑπὸ τῶν κυνῶν, καταβάλλων [γὰρ] καὶ παραβάλλων τὸ ἕτερον οὖς πλάγιον, ὁποτέρᾳ ἂν λυπῆται, ἀπερειδόμενος [διὸ] δὴ εἰς τοῦτο ὑποστρέφεται ταχύ, ἐν μικρῷ πολὺ καταλιπὼν τὸ ἐπιφερόμενον.
33. So charming is the sight that to see a hare tracked, found, pursued and caught is enough to make any man forget his heart’s desire.
33. οὕτω δὲ ἐπίχαρί ἐστι τὸ θέαμα, ὥστε οὐδεὶς ὅστις οὐκ ἂν ἰδὼν ἰχνευόμενον, εὑρισκόμενον, μεταθεόμενον, ἁλισκόμενον, ἐπιλάθοιτʼ ἂν εἴ του ἐρῴη.
34. When hunting on cultivated land avoid growing crops and let pools and streams alone. It is unseemly and wrong to interfere with them, and there is a risk of encouraging those who see to set themselves against the law. On days on which there is no hunting, all hunting tackle should be removed.
34. ἐν δὲ τοῖς ἔργοις κυνηγετοῦντα ἀπέχεσθαι ὧν ὧραι φέρουσι καὶ τὰ νάματα καὶ τὰ ῥεῖθρα ἐᾶν· τὸ γὰρ ἅπτεσθαι τούτων αἰσχρὸν καὶ κακόν, καὶ ἵνα μὴ τῷ νόμῳ ἐναντίοι ὦσιν οἱ ἰδόντες· καὶ ὅταν ἀναγρία ἐμπίπτῃ, ἀναλύειν χρὴ τὰ περὶ τὸ κυνηγέσιον πάντα.