38.8. For the next four days both battle-lines were drawn up and stood before the ramparts; on the fifth day the Romans advanced to the middle of the space;
38.8. per quadriduum insequens instructae utrimque acies pro vallo stetere; quinto die Romani processere in medium campi;
38.9. Antiochus did not advance his standards, but stood so that his rear troops were less than a thousand paces from the wall.
38.9. Antiochus nihil promovit signa, ita ut extremi minus mille pedes a vallo abessent.
39.1. After the consul perceived that the enemy declined to fight, he called a council the next day, to consider what they should do if Antiochus would not give them an opportunity for a battle.
39.1. consul postquam detractari certamen vidit, postero die in consilium advocavit, quid sibi faciendum esset, si Antiochus pugnandi copiam non faceret? instare hiemem; aut sub pellibus habendos milites fore, aut, si concedere in hiberna vellet, differendum esse in aestatem bellum.
39.3. Winter, he said, was at hand; either they would have to keep the troops in tents or, if it was decided to withdraw to winter quarters, the war would have to be postponed to the summer. No enemy was ever held in such contempt by the Romans.
39.3. nullum umquam hostem Romani aeque contempserunt. conclamatum undique est, duceret extemplo et uteretur ardore militum, qui, tamquam non pugnandum cum tot milibus hostium, sed par numerus pecorum trucidandus esset, per fossas, per vallum castra invadere parati erant, si in proelium hostis non exiret.
39.5. The cry from all sides was that he should immediately lead them out and take advantage of the enthusiasm of the soldiers, who, as if their task was, not to fight with so many thousands of the enemy, but to slaughter the same number of cattle, were ready to attack the camp over ditch, over wall, if the enemy would not come out to fight.
39.5. Cn. Domitius ad explorandum iter, et qua parte adiri hostium vallum posset, missus, postquam omnia certa rettulit, postero die propius admoveri castra placuit; tertio signa in medium campi prolata et instrui acies coepta est. nec Antiochus ultra tergiversandum ratus, ne et suorum animos minueret detractando certamen et hostium spem augeret, et ipse copias eduxit, tantum progressus a castris, ut dimicaturum appareret.
39.7. Gnaeus Domitius was sent to reconnoitre the route of approach and where they could come up to the enemy's rampart, and when he brought back complete and definite information, it was decided that on the following day they would move the camp nearer; on the third day the standards were advanced to the centre of the space and the battle-line began to form.
39.7. Romana acies unius prope formae fuit et hominum et armorum genere. duae legiones Romanae, duae socium ac Latini nominis erant; quina milia et quadringenos singulae habebant. Romani mediam aciem, cornua Latini tenuerunt; hastatorum prima signa, dein principum erant, triarii postremos claudebant.
39.9. Nor did Antiochus think that he should remain longer on the defensive, lest he both diminish the courage of his own men by declining battle and increase the hopes of the enemy, and he too led out his forces, advancing so far from the camp that it was clear that he meant to engage. The Roman battle-line is generally about uniform in its arrangement, both as to number and as to their equipment.
39.9. extra hanc velut iustam aciem a parte dextra consul Achaeorum caetratis immixtos auxiliares Eumenis, tria milia ferme peditum, aequata fronte instruxit; ultra eos equitum minus tria milia opposuit, ex quibus Eumenis octingenti, reliquus omnis Romanus equitatus erat; extremos Trallis et Cretensis — quingentorum utrique numerum explebant — statuit. laevum cornu non videbatur egere talibus auxiliis, quia flumen ab ea parte ripaeque deruptae claudebant; quattuor tamen inde turmae equitum oppositae. haec summa copiarum erat Romanis, et duo milia mixtorum Macedonum Thracumque, qui voluntate secuti erant;
39.13. There were two Roman legions and two of allies of the Latin confederacy; each consisted of five thousand four hundred men. The Romans held the centre, the Latins the flanks; the advanced units were the hastati, then came the principes; the triarii held the rear. Outside this, which may be called the regular battle-line, on the right flank and in line with the legions, the consul placed the auxiliaries of Eumenes mixed with the Achaean “targeteers,” being about three thousand infantry; outside them he stationed less than three thousand cavalry, eight hundred of whom belonged to Eumenes, all the rest being Roman cavalry; on the extreme flank he placed the Tralli and Cretans, each contingent amounting to about five hundred men.
39.13. hi praesidio castris relicti sunt. XVI elephantos post triarios in subsidio locaverunt: nam praeterquam quod multitudinem regiorum elephantorum — erant autem quattuor et quinquaginta — sustinere non videbantur posse, ne pari quidem numero Indicis Africi resistunt, sive quia magnitudine — longe enim illi praestant — sive robore animorum vincuntur. regia acies varia magis multis gentibus, dissimilitudine armorum auxiliorumque erat. decem et sex milia peditum more Macedonum armati fuere, qui phalangitae appellabantur. haec media acies fuit, in fronte in decem partes divisa; partes eas interpositis binis elephantis distinguebat; a fronte introrsus in duos et triginta ordines armatorum acies patebat.
40.3. The left flank did not seem to need such auxiliaries placed there, since the river and its steep banks gave protection on that side; nevertheless, he stationed there four troops of cavalry.
40.3. hoc et roboris in regiis copiis erat, et perinde cum alia specie tum eminentibus tantum inter armatos elephantis magnum terrorem praebebat.
40.4. This was the whole of the Roman force, with two thousand Macedonians and Thracians who had followed as volunteers; they were left as a guard for the camp.
40.4. ingentes ipsi erant; addebant speciem frontalia et cristae et tergo impositae turres turribusque superstantes praeter rectorem quaterni armati.
40.5. They placed sixteen elephants in reserve behind the triarii, for, in addition to the fact that they seemed unable to face the greater number of the king's elephants —there were fifty-four of them —African elephants cannot resist even an equal number of Indian, whether because the latter are superior in size —for in fact they are far larger —or in fighting spirit.
40.5. ad latus dextrum phalangitarum mille et quingentos Gallograecorum pedites opposuit. his tria milia equitum loricatorum — cataphractos ipsi appellant — adiunxit. addita his ala mille ferme equitum;
40.6. XL. The king's battle-line was more varied, made up of many races and auxiliary forces differently armed. There were sixteen thousand infantry armed in the Macedonian fashion, who are called phalangitae.
40.6. agema eam vocabant; Medi erant, lecti viri, et eiusdem regionis mixti multarum gentium equites. continens his grex sedecim elephantorum est oppositus in subsidiis.
40.7. They formed the centre of the line, and their frontage was divided into ten sections; these sections were separated by intervals in which two elephants each were placed; from the front the formation extended thirty-two ranks in depth. This was the main strength of the king's army, and it caused great terror, not only from its general appearance, but by reason of the elephants, standing out especially conspicuously among the soldiers. They were of great size; head-armour and crests and towers placed upon their backs, and, in addition to the driver, four soldiers riding in each tower, added to their impressiveness. On the right of the phalangitae he stationed fifteen hundred Galatian infantry.
40.7. ab eadem parte, paulum producto cornu, regia cohors erat; argyraspides a genere armorum appellabantur; Dahae deinde, equites sagittarii, mille et ducenti; tum levis armatura, trium milium, pari ferme numero, pars Cretenses pars Tralles; duo milia et quingenti Mysi sagittarii his adiuncti erant.
40.9. To these he added three thousand armoured cavalry —they call them cataphracti. In addition to these there was a squadron of about a thousand cavalry; they called it the agema; they were Medes, picked men, and cavalry from many races in the same region mingled with them. Adjoining them a herd of sixteen elephants was posted in reserve.
40.9. extremum cornu claudebant quattuor milia, mixti Cyrtii funditores et Elymaei sagittarii. ab laevo cornu phalangitis adiuncti erant Gallograeci pedites mille et quingenti et similiter his armati duo milia Cappadocum — ab Ariarathe missi erant regi —;
40.11. On this side, the flank being advanced a little, was the royal bodyguard; they were called argyraspides from the character of their equipment; then the Dahae, mounted archers, to the number of twelve hundred; then the light infantry, three thousand in number, about equally divided between Cretans and Tralli; to them two thousand five hundred Mysian archers were added. The extremity of this flank consisted of four thousand mixed Cyrtians, slingers, and Elymaeans, archers.
40.11. inde auxiliares mixti omnium generum, duo milia septingenti, et tria milia cataphractorum equitum et mille alii equites, regia ala levioribus tegumentis suis equorumque, alio haud dissimili habitu: Syri plerique erant Phrygibus et Lydis immixti.
40.12. On the left flank, next the phalangitae, were posted fifteen hundred Galatian infantry and two thousand Cappadocians similarly armed —they had been sent to the king by Ariarathes; then twenty-seven hundred auxiliaries mixed from all races, and three thousand armoured cavalry and one thousand other cavalry, the royal squadron, with lighter armour for them selves and their horses, but otherwise with equipment not unlike the rest; they were mostly Syrians mingled with Phrygians and Lydians.
40.12. ante hunc equitatum falcatae quadrigae et cameli. quos appellant dromadas. his insidebant Arabes sagittarii, gladios tenuis habentes longos quaterna cubita, ut ex tanta altitudine contingere hostem possent.
40.13. In front of this cavalry were scythe-bearing chariots and camels of the breed called dromedaries. These were ridden by Arab archers carrying slender swords four cubits long, that they might be able to reach the enemy from so great a height. Then came another great crowd, corresponding to that on the right flank: first the Tarentini, then twenty-five hundred Galatian cavalry, next a thousand Neocretans and fifteen hundred Carians and Cilicians similarly equipped, and the same number of Tralli and four thousand “targeteers”:
40.13. inde alia multitudo, par ei, quae in dextro cornu erat: primi Tarentini, deinde Gallograecorum equitum duo milia et quingenti, inde Neocretes mille et eodem armatu Cares et Cilices mille et quingenti et totidem Tralles et quattuor milia caetratorum:
40.14. these were Pisidians and Pamphylians and Lycians; then auxiliaries of the Cyrtians and Elymaeans equal to those stationed on the right flank, and sixteen elephants a short distance away.
40.14. Pisidae erant et Pamphylii et Lycii; tum Cyrtiorum et Elymaeorum paria in dextro cornu locatis auxilia, et sedecim elephanti modico intervallo distantes.
41.1. The king himself was on the right flank; he placed his son Seleucus and Antipater the son of his brother on the left; the centre of the line was entrusted to three commanders, Minnio and Zeuxis and Philippus, the master of the elephants.
41.1. rex ipse in dextro cornu erat; Seleucum filium et Antipatrum fratris filium in laevo praeposuit; media acies tribus permissa, Minnioni et Zeuxidi et Philippo, magistro elephantorum.
41.2. A morning mist, lightening into clouds as the day advanced, caused a fog; the moisture from this, like a rain brought on by the west wind, covered everything;
41.2. nebula matutina, crescente die levata in nubes, caliginem dedit;
41.3. these conditions brought absolutely no discomfort to the Romans, but at the same time they were very inconvenient for the king's army; for the faintness of the light, in a line of moderate frontage, did not deprive the Romans of a view in all directions, and the moisture, in a force almost entirely composed of heavy infantry, did not at all dull the swords and spears;
41.3. umor inde ab austro velut … perfudit omnia; quae nihil admodum Romanis, eadem perincommoda regiis erant: nam et obscuritas lucis in acie modica Romanis non adimebat in omnis partes conspectum, et umor toto fere gravi armatu nihil gladios aut pila hebetabat;
41.4. the king's troops, with their line so widely extended, could not see the flanks even from the centre, much less one flank from the other, and the moisture had softened the bowstrings and slings and the thongs of the javelins.
41.4. regii tam lata acie ne ex medio quidem cornua sua circumspicere poterant, nedum extremi inter se conspicerentur, et umor arcus fundasque et iaculorum amenta emollierat.
41.5. The scythe-bearing chariots also, by which Antiochus had expected to cause panic in the hostile line, turned their terror upon their own men.
41.5. falcatae quoque quadrigae, quibus se perturbaturum hostium aciem Antiochus crediderat, in suos terrorem verterunt.
41.6. They were in general equipped in the following fashion: they had points along the pole, projecting like horns ten cubits from the yoke, with which to pierce whatever they encountered, and on the ends of the yokes there were two scythes standing out in two directions, one in line with the yoke, the other pointed downward towards the ground, the former to cut up whatever was near it on the sides, the latter to wound men who had fallen and came under the chariot; also from the hubs of the wheels on both sides two other scythes, pointing in different directions, were similarly fastened.
41.6. armatae autem in hunc maxime modum erant; cuspides circa temonem ab iugo decem cubita exstantis velut cornua habebant, quibus, quidquid obvium daretur, transfigerent, et in extremis iugis binae circa eminebant falces, altera aequata iugo, altera inferior in terrain devexa, illa ut, quidquid ab latere obiceretur, abscideret, haec ut prolapsos subeuntisque contingeret; item ab axibus rotarum utrimque binae eodem modo diversae deligabantur falces.
41.8. The chariots so equipped, because, if they were stationed on the flanks or in the centre, they would of necessity have been driven through their own ranks, had been posted by the king, as has been said, in the front rank.
41.8. sic armatas quadrigas, quia, si in extremo aut in medio locatae forent, per suos agendae erant, in prima acie, ut ante dictum est. locaverat rex.
41.9. When Eumenes saw this, being not unaware how uncertain was this sort of fighting and this kind of auxiliary, if one could frighten the horses rather than meet them in regular battle, he ordered the Cretan archers with the slingers and dart-throwers, with some troops of cavalry, not in mass-formation but as widely separated as possible, to rush out and shower weapons upon them from all sides at once.
41.9. quod ubi Eumenes vidit, haud ignarus pugnae, et quam anceps esset auxilii genus, si quis pavorem magis equis iniceret, quam iusta adoriretur pugna, Cretenses sagittarios funditoresque et iaculatores … equitum non confertos, sed quam maxime possent dispersos excurrere iubet et ex omnibus simul partibus tela ingerere.
41.10. This storm, as it were, partly by the wounds dealt by weapons hurled from all directions, partly by the discordant shouts, so frightened the horses that, as if they were set free from the reins, they rushed in every direction, not knowing where they were going;
41.10. haec velut procella partim vulneribus missilium undique coniectorum partim clamoribus dissonis ita consternavit equos, ut repente velut effrenati passim incerto cursu ferrentur;
41.11. their charges were easily avoided by the light infantry and the lightly-equipped slingers and the swift-footed Cretans; and the cavalry pursuing increased the confusion and fright of the horses and camels, these too being overcome with terror, while added to it all were the manifold cries of the throng of bystanders. So the chariots were driven away from the space between the two lines and, this idle show being ended, then at length the signal was given on both sides and the clash of regular battle began.
41.11. quorum impetus et levis armatura et expediti funditores et velox Cretensis momento declinabant; et eques insequendo tumultum ac pavorem equis camelisque, et ipsis simul consternatis, augebat clamore et ab alia circumstantium turba multiplici adiecto. ita medio inter duas acies campo exiguntur quadrigae; amotoque inani ludibrio, tum demum ad iustum proelium signo utrimque dato concursum est.
42.1. That trivial thing, however, was presently the cause of real calamity. For the supporting auxiliaries which had been stationed next them, dismayed by the panic and fright of the chariots, also turned to flight and exposed the whole line as far as the armoured cavalry.
42.1. ceterum vana illa res verae mox cladis causa fuit. auxilia enim subsidiaria, quae proxima locata erant, pavore et consternatione quadrigarum territa, et ipsa in fugam versa nudarunt omnia usque ad cataphractos equites.
42.2. And they, when the Roman cavalry reached them, their supports being scattered, did not sustain even the first shock; part of them fled; others were held back on account of the weight of their armour and weapons.
42.2. ad quos cum dissipatis subsidiis pervenisset equitatus Romanus, ne primum quidem impetum [pars] eorum sustinuerunt: alii fusi sunt, alii propter gravitatem tegumentorum armorumque oppressi sunt.
42.3. The whole left flank then wavered, and when the auxiliaries were broken, who were between the cavalry and those who were called the phalangitae, the panic spread as far as the centre.
42.3. totum deinde laevum cornu inclinavit, et turbatis auxiliaribus, qui inter equitem et quos appellant phalangitas erant, usque ad mediam aciem terror pervenit.
42.4. There, as soon as the ranks were thrown into disorder and the use of the very long spears —the Macedonians call them sarisae —was prevented by their own friends rushing among them, the Roman legions advanced and hurled their javelins into the disorganized mass.
42.4. ibi simul perturbati ordines et impeditus intercursu suorum usus praelongarum hastarum — sarisas Macedones vocant —, intulere signa Romanae legiones et pila in perturbatos coniecere.
42.5. Not even the elephants posted in the intervals deterred the Roman soldiers, accustomed already by the wars in Africa both to avoid the charges of the beasts and either to assail them with spears from the side or, if they could approach closer, to hamstring them with their swords.
42.5. ne interpositi quidem elephanti militem Romanum deterrebant, adsuetum iam ab Africis bellis et vitare impetum beluae et ex transverso aut pilis incessere aut, si propius subire posset, gladio nervos incidere.
42.6. By now almost the entire centre was being beaten back from the front and the auxiliaries flanking them were being cut down in the rear, while on another side the Romans heard the rout of their comrades and the shouts of the panic-stricken now almost at the camp itself.
42.6. iam media acies fere omnis a fronte prostrata erat, et subsidia circumita ab tergo caedebantur, cum in parte alia fugam suorum et prope iam ad ipsa castra clamorem paventium accepere.
42.7. For Antiochus, on his right flank, since he saw that there were no auxiliaries there except four troops of cavalry, because of the Romans' confidence in the river, and that these, while they were maintaining contact with their neighbours, were leaving the bank unguarded, made an attack upon them with the auxiliaries and the armoured cavalry;
42.7. namque Antiochus a dextro cornu, cum ibi fiducia fluminis nulla subsidia cerneret praeter quattuor turmas equitum, et eas, dum applicant se suis, ripam nudantis, impetum in eam partem cum auxiliis et cataphracto equitatu fecit;
42.8. nor did he charge from the front alone, but encircling them from the river was already pressing on from the flank, until first the cavalry fled and then the infantry who were nearest were driven headlong towards the camp.
42.8. nec a fronte tantum instabat, sed circumito a flumine cornu iam ab latere urgebat, donec fugati equites primum, dein proximi peditum effuso cursu ad castra compulsi sunt.
43.1. The camp was under the command of Marcus Aemilius, tribune of the soldiers, the son of that Marcus Lepidus who a few years later became pontifex maximus.
43.1. praeerat castris M. Aemilius tribunus militum, M. Lepidi filius;
43.2. When he saw the flight of his men, he met them with his entire guard and ordered them first to halt and then to return to the battle, taunting them with fear and disgraceful flight;
43.2. qui post paucos annos pontifex maximus factus est. is qua fugam cernebat suorum, cum praesidio omni occurrit et stare primo, deinde redire in pugnam iubebat pavorem et turpem fugam increpans;
43.3. then he uttered threats that they were rushing blindly to their own deaths if they did not obey his orders; finally, he gave the signal to his own men to kill the first of the fugitives and with steel and wounds to drive against the enemy the mass of those that followed.
43.3. minae exinde erant, in perniciem suam caecos ruere, ni dicto parerent; postremo dat suis signum, ut primos fugientium caedant, turbam insequentium ferro et vulneribus in hostem redigant.
43.4. This greater fear prevailed over the lesser; driven by terror in front and rear they first halted; then they too returned to the fight, and Aemilius with his own guard —they were two thousand gallant men —boldly withstood the onrushing king, and Attalus, the brother of Eumenes, from the right flank, where the enemy's left had been routed at the first attack, when he saw the flight of the troops on the left and the mellay around the camp, himself came in the nick of time with two hundred cavalry.
43.4. hic maior timor minorem vicit: ancipiti coacti metu primo constiterunt; deinde et ipsi rediere in pugnam, et Aemilius cum suo praesidio — erant autem duo milia virorum fortium — effuse sequenti regi acriter obstitit, et Attalus, Eumenis frater, ab dextro cornu, quo laevum hostium primo impetu fugatum fuerat, ut ab sinistro fugam suorum et tumultum circa castra vidit, in tempore cum ducentis equitibus advenit.
43.6. When Antiochus saw the troops at whose backs he had just been looking returning to the fight, and another body coming from the camp and another from the battle-line, he turned his horse to flight.
43.6. Antiochus postquam et eos, quorum terga modo viderat, repetentis pugnam et aliam et a castris et ex acie adfluentem turbam conspexit, in fugam vertit equum.
43.7. So on both wings the victorious Romans, over piles of corpses which they had heaped up, especially in the centre, where the strength of the bravest troops and the weight of their arms had delayed the flight of the enemy, proceeded to plunder the camp.
43.7. ita utroque cornu victores Romani per acervos corporum, quos in media maxime acie cumulaverant, ubi et robur fortissimorum virorum et arma gravitate fugam impedierant, pergunt ad castra diripienda.
43.8. The cavalry of Eumenes first of all, then the rest of the cavalry, pursued the enemy over the whole plain, killing the hindmost as they overtook them.
43.8. equites primi omnium Eumenis, deinde et alius equitatus toto passim campo secuntur hostem et postremos, ut quosque adepti sunt, caedunt.
43.9. But a greater peril to the fugitives, the chariots and elephants and camels being mingled with them, was the disordered mob of their own men, since their ranks once broken, as if blind they rushed one over the other or were trampled down by the charging beasts.
43.9. ceterum fugientibus maior pestis intermixtis quadrigis elephantisque et camelis erat et sua ipsorum turba, cum solutis ordinibus velut caeci super alios alii ruerent et incursu beluarum obtererentur.
43.10. In the camp also there was great slaughter, greater, almost, than on the battle-field; for the first body of fugitives had chiefly made for the camp and, gaining confidence from this increase in numbers, the garrison fought with greater stubbornness from the rampart.
43.10. in castris quoque ingens et maior prope quam in acie caedes est edita: nam et primorum fuga in castra maxime inclinavit, et huius fiducia multitudinis, qui in praesidio erant, pertinacius pro vallo pugnarunt.
43.11. The Romans, finding themselves held up at the gates and by the wall, which they had expected to carry at the first onset, when they finally broke through, in their passion caused greater destruction.
43.11. retenti in portis valloque, quae se impetu ipso capturos crediderant, Romani, postquam tandem perruperunt, ab ira graviorem ediderunt caedem.
44.1. About fifty thousand infantry are said to have been slain on that day and three thousand cavalry; fourteen hundred were captured and fifteen elephants with their drivers.
44.1. ad quinquaginta milia peditum caesa eo die dicuntur; equitum tria milia, mille et quadringenti capti, et quindecim cum rectoribus elephanti.
44.2. Of the Romans, many were wounded; there were killed not more than three hundred infantry and twenty-four cavalry, and from the army of Eumenes twenty-five.
44.2. Romanorum aliquot vulnerati sunt; ceciderunt non plus trecenti pedites, quattuor et viginti equites et de Eumenis exercitu quinque et viginti.
44.3. And on that day, indeed, the victors, having plundered the camp of the enemy, returned to their own laden with booty; on the next day they despoiled the bodies of the slain and gathered up the prisoners.
44.3. et illo quidem die victores direptis hostium castris cum magna praeda in sua reverterunt; postero die spoliabant caesorum corpora et captivos contrahebant.
44.4. Ambassadors from Thyatira and Magnesia near Sipylus came to surrender their cities. Antiochus, fleeing with a few companions and collecting more along the way, with a moderate-sized body of soldiers reached Sardis about midnight. Thence, when he heard that his son Seleucus and some of his friends had gone to Apamea, he too, about the fourth watch, with his wife and daughter sought Apamea.
44.4. legati ab Thyatira et Magnesia ab Sipylo ad dedendas urbes venerunt. Antiochus cum paucis fugiens, in ipso itinere pluribus congregantibus se, modica manu armatorum media ferme nocte Sardis concessit.
44.6. The guardianship of the city was handed over to Xeno, and Timo was placed in charge of Lydia; but no regard was paid to them and, with the consent of the citizens and the soldiers who were in the citadel, ambassadors were sent to the consul.
44.6. inde, cum audisset Seleucum filium et quosdam amicorum Apameam progressos, et ipse quarta vigilia cum coniuge ac filia petit Apameam, Xenoni tradita custodia urbis, Timone Lydiae praeposito; quibus spretis consensu oppidanorum et militum, qui in arce erant, legati ad consulem missi sunt.
45.1. About the same time ambassadors came also from Tralles and from Magnesia which is on the Meander river and from Ephesus to surrender their cities.
45.1. sub idem fere tempus et ab Trallibus et a Magnesia, quae super Maeandrum est, et ab Epheso ad dedendas urbes venerunt.
45.2. Polyxenidas had left Ephesus when he heard of the battle, and having sailed with the fleet as far as Patara in Lycia, in fear of the guard of Rhodian ships which were at Megiste, he disembarked with a few men and made his way by land to Syria.
45.2. reliquerat Ephesum Polyxenidas audita pugna, et classi usque ad Patara Lyciae pervectus, metu stationis Rhodiarum navium, quae ad Megisten erant, in terram egressus cum paucis itinere pedestri Syriam petit.
45.3. The cities of Asia entrusted themselves to the good faith of the consul and the dominion of the Roman people. The consul was now at Sardis; thither too came Publius Scipio from Elaea, as soon as he could stand the hardships of the journey.
45.3. Asiae civitates in fidem consulis dicionemque populi Romani sese tradebant. Sardibus iam consul erat; eo et P. Scipio ab Elaea, cum primum pati laborem viae potuit, venit.
45.4. About the same time a herald from Antiochus, through the mediation of Publius Scipio, asked and obtained from the consul permission for the king to send ambassadors.
45.4. sub idem fere tempus caduceator ab Antiocho per P. Scipionem a consule petit impetravitque, ut oratores mittere liceret regi.
45.5. A few days later Zeuxis, who had been governor of Lycia, and Antipater, the son of his brother, arrived.
45.5. paucos post dies Zeuxis, qui praefectus Lydiae fuerat, et Antipater, fratris filius, venerunt.
45.6. First meeting Eumenes, who, they thought, on account of their ancient quarrels, would be particularly opposed to peace, and finding him more favourably disposed towards peace than either they or the king had expected, they next interviewed Publius Scipio and through him the consul;
45.6. prius Eumene convento, quem propter vetera certamina aversum maxime a pace credebant esse, et placatiore eo et sua et regis spe invento, tum P. Scipionem et per eum consulem adierunt;
45.7. and at their request they were received by a full council at which to announce their errand, and Zeuxis spoke thus: “We do not ourselves have anything to say so much as we ask of you, Romans, by what atonement we can expiate the error of the king and obtain peace and pardon from the conquerors.”
45.7. praebitoque iis petentibus frequenti consilio ad mandata edenda, “non tam, quid ipsi dicamus, … habemus” inquit Zeuxis, “quam ut a vobis quaeramus, Romani, quo piaculo expiare errorem regis, pacem veniamque impetrare a victoribus possimus. maximo semper animo victis regibus populisque ignovistis;
45.8. “In your extreme generosity you have always pardoned defeated kings and peoples; with how much greater magnanimity and with inclinations how much more peaceful should you act in this victory which has made you masters of the world?”
45.8. quanto id maiore et placatiore animo decet vos facere in hac victoria, quae vos dominos orbis terrarum fecit?
45.9. “Laying aside now quarrels with all mortals, you, like the gods, should consider and spare the human race.” Even before the ambassadors arrived it had been decided what to reply. It was agreed that Africanus should answer.
45.9. positis iam adversus omnes mortales certaminibus haud secus quam deos consulere et parcere vos generi humano oportet.”
45.10. He is reported to have spoken to this effect: “Out of such things as were under the control of the immortal gods, we Romans have those things which the gods have given us;”
45.10. iam antequam legati venirent, decretum erat, quid responderetur.
45.11. “but our souls, which are subject to the will of our minds, we have kept and still keep unchanged in every kind of fortune, and neither has prosperity puffed them up nor has adversity depressed them.”
45.11. respondere Africanum placuit. is in hunc modum locutus fertur: “Romani ex iis, quae in deum immortalium potestate erant, ea habemus, quae dii dederunt;
45.12. “As proof of this, to omit all else, I should cite to you your Hannibal as witness if I could not cite yourselves.” “After we crossed the Hellespont, before we set eyes on the king's camp or beheld his battle-line, when Mars was approachable to both sides and the outcome of the war undetermined, when you raised the question of terms of peace, we offered conditions, as equals to equals, and these same conditions we now propose as victors to vanquished: keep your hands off Europe; withdraw from all Asia on this side of the Taurus mountains.”
45.12. animos, qui nostrae mentis sunt, eosdem in omni fortuna gessimus gerimusque, neque eos secundae res extulerunt nec adversae minuerunt. eius rei, ut alios omittam, Hannibalem vestrum vobis testem darem, nisi vos ipsos dare possem. postquam traiecimus Hellespontum, priusquam castra regia, priusquam aciem videremus, cum communis Mars et incertus belli eventus esset, de pace vobis agentibus quas pares paribus ferebamus condiciones, easdem nunc victores victis ferimus:
45.14. “Then, for the expenses incurred in the war, you will pay fifteen thousand Euboean talents, five hundred now, twenty-five hundred when the senate and the Roman people shall have ratified this treaty, then one thousand talents annually for twelve years. To Eumenes too it is our pleasure that four hundred talents be paid and the balance of the grain which is due his father.”
45.14. Europa abstinete; Asia omni, quae cis Taurum montem est, decedite. pro impensis deinde in bellum factis quindecim milia talentum Euboicorum dabitis, quingenta praesentia, duo milia et quingenta, cum senatus populusque Romanus pacem comprobaverint;
45.15. “When we have made this agreement, in order that we may hold it as certain that you will carry it out, there will be some guarantee if you give us twenty hostages of our selection;”
45.15. milia deinde talentum per duodecim annos. Eumeni quoque reddi quadringenta talenta et quod frumenti reliquum ex eo, quod patri debitum est, placet.
45.16. “but never will it be quite clear to us that the Roman people is at peace in any place where Hannibal shall be; him we demand before all else.”
45.16. haec cum pepigerimus, facturos vos ut pro certo habeamus, erit quidem aliquod pignus, si obsides viginti nostro arbitratu dabitis; sed numquam satis liquebit nobis ibi pacem esse populo Romano, ubi Hannibal erit: eum ante omnia deposcimus.
45.17. “Thoas the Aetolian, too, provoker of the Aetolian war, who by your confidence in them armed you and by their confidence in you armed them against us, you will surrender, and with him Mnasilochus the Acarnanian and Philo and Eubulidas of Chalcis.”
45.17. Thoantem quoque Aetolum, concitorem Aetolici belli, qui et illorum fiducia vos et vestra illos in nos armavit, dedetis et cum eo Mnasilochum Acarnana et Chalcidensis Philonem et Eubulidam.
45.18. “It will be in a worse plight that the king will make peace because he makes it later than he could have done. If he delays now, let him know that the majesty of kings falls with greater difficulty from the topmost point to the middle than it is hurled from the middle to the lowest point.” The ambassadors from the king had been sent with instructions authorizing them to accept any proffer of peace; and so it was decided that ambassadors should be sent to Rome.
45.18. in deteriore sua fortuna pacem faciet rex, quia serius facit, quam facere potuit. si nunc moratus fuerit, sciat regum maiestatem difficilius ab summo fastigio ad medium detrahi quam a mediis ad ima praecipitari.
45.19. The consul divided his army to winter at Magnesia on the Meander and at Tralles and at Ephesus. A few days later the hostages were delivered by the king to the consul at Ephesus and the envoys who were to go to Rome arrived.
45.19. ” cum iis mandatis ab rege missi erant legati, ut omnem pacis condicionem acciperent: itaque Romam mitti legatos placuit; consul in hiberna exercitum Magnesiam ad Maeandrum et Trallis Ephesumque divisit.
45.20. Eumenes also set out for Rome at the same time as the ambassadors of the king. They were followed by embassies of all the peoples of Asia.
45.20. Ephesum ad consulem paucos post dies obsides ab rege adducti sunt, et legati, qui Romam irent, venerunt. Eumenes quoque eodem tempore profectus est Romam, quo legati regis. secutae eos sunt legationes omnium Asiae populorum.
46.1. While this was going on in Asia, two proconsuls at about the same time came from their provinces to Rome with hopes of triumphs; Quintus Minucius from the Ligures, Manius Acilius from Aetolia.
46.1. dum haec in Asia geruntur, duo fere sub idem tempus cum triumphi spe proconsules de provinciis Romam redierunt, Q. Minucius ex Liguribus, M'. Acilius ex Aetolia.
46.2. When the achievements of the two had been heard, Minucius was refused a triumph, Acilius was granted one with general approval; and he rode into the City in triumph over King Antiochus and the Aetolians.
46.2. auditis utriusque rebus gestis Minucio negatus triumphus, Acilio magno consensu decretus; isque triumphans de rege Antiocho et Aetolis urbem est invectus.
46.3. There were carried in this triumph two hundred thirty military standards, three thousand pounds of silver bullion, one hundred thirteen thousand minted Attic four-drachma pieces, cistophori to the number of two hundred and forty-nine thousand, embossed silver vessels in large numbers and of great weight; he displayed also a set of silver furniture belonging to the king and a splendid garment, forty-five golden crowns, the gifts of allied cities, and spoils of all kinds.
46.3. praelata in eo triumpho sunt signa militaria ducenta triginta, et argenti infecti tria milia pondo, signati tetrachmum Atticum centum decem tria milia, cistophori ducenta undequinquaginta, vasa argentea caelata multa magnique ponderis;
46.4. He led thirty-six noble prisoners, Aetolians and commanders in the king's army. Damocritus the Aetolian chief, a few days before, escaped from prison by night, and while the guards were pursuing him along the banks of the Tiber, slew himself with a sword before he was arrested.
46.4. tulit et supellectilem regiam argenteam ac vestem magnificam, coronas aureas, dona sociarum civitatium, quadraginta quinque, spolia omnis generis. captivos nobiles, Aetolos et regios duces, sex et triginta duxit.
46.5. Only soldiers to follow the car were lacking; otherwise the triumph was splendid both as a spectacle and for the exploits it commemorated.
46.5. Damocritus, Aetolorum dux, paucos ante dies, cum e carcere noctu effugisset, in ripa Tiberis consecutis custodibus, priusquam comprehenderetur, gladio se transfixit.
46.6. The pleasure of this triumph was diminished by a sad message from Spain, that in a defeat at the hands of the Lusitani in the country of the Bastetani near the town of Lyco, six thousand of the Roman army under the command of Lucius Aemilius the proconsul had fallen and the rest had been driven in panic inside the rampart, had defended the camp with difficulty and had been led back like fugitives with forced marches into pacified territory. This was the news from Spain.
46.6. milites tantum, qui sequerentur currum, defuerunt; alioqui magnificus et spectaculo et fama rerum triumphus fuit. huius triumphi minuit laetitiam nuntius ex Hispania tristis, adversa pugna in Bastetanis ductu L. Aemilii proconsulis apud oppidum Lyconem cum Lusitanis sex milia de Romano exercitu cecidisse, ceteros paventis intra vallum compulsos aegre castra defendisse et ad modum fugientium magnis itineribus in agrum pacatum reductos.
46.9. From Gaul, ambassadors from the people of Placentia and Cremona were introduced to the senate by Lucius Aurunculeius the praetor.
46.9. haec ex Hispania nuntiata; ex Gallia legatos Placentinorum et Cremonensium L. Aurunculeius praetor in senatum introduxit.
46.10. When they complained of the shortage of colonists, some having been taken off by the fortunes of war, and some by disease, while others had left the colonies from reluctance to live with their Gallic neighbours, the senate decreed that Gaius Laelius the consul, if it should seem wise to him, should enrol six thousand families to be divided between these colonies and that Lucius Aurunculeius the praetor should create a board of three to conduct these colonists to their homes.
46.10. iis querentibus inopiam colonorum, aliis belli casibus, aliis morbo absumptis quosdam taedio accolarum Gallorum reliquisse colonias, decrevit senatus, uti C. Laelius consul, si ei videretur, sex milia familiarum conscriberet, quae in eas colonias dividerentur, et ut L. Aurunculeius praetor triumviros crearet ad eos colonos deducendos.
46.11. The board created consisted of Marcus Atilius Serranus, Lucius Valerius Flaccus, the son of Publius, and Lucius Valerius Tappo, the son of Lucius.
46.11. creati M. Atilius Serranus L. Valerius P. F. Flaccus L. Valerius C. F. Tappo.
47.1. Not very long afterwards, since the time for the consular election was at hand, Gaius Laelius the consul returned from Gaul to Rome.
47.1. haud ita multo post, cum iam consularium comitiorum appeteret tempus, C. Laelius consul ex Gallia Romam rediit.
47.2. He not only enrolled, in accordance with the decree of the senate passed in his absence, colonists as reinforcements for Cremona and Placentia, but he also moved that two new colonies should be established in the country which had belonged to the Boii, and on his proposal the Fathers so voted. At the same time a despatch from Lucius Aemilius the praetor arrived, announcing the naval battle fought off Myonnesus and the fact that Lucius Scipio the consul had transferred his army to Asia.
47.2. is non solum ex facto absente se senatus consulto in supplementum Cremonae et Placentiae colonos scripsit, sed, ut novae coloniae duae in agrum, qui Boiorum fuisset, deducerentur, et rettulit et auctore eo patres censuerunt.
47.3. By reason of the naval victory a period of prayer for one day was proclaimed and a second day was added because a Roman army had then for the first time encamped in Asia, in order that this event might turn out prosperously and successfully. The consul was directed to sacrifice twenty full-grown victims on each day of the period of supplication. Then the consular elections were held with active rivalry.
47.3. eodem tempore litterae L. Aemilii praetoris adlatae de navali pugna ad Myonnesum facta, et L. Scipionem consulem in Asiam exercitum traiecisse.
47.4. Marcus Aemilius Lepidus was a candidate amid universal disapproval because he had left his province of Sicily to conduct his campaign without a vote of the senate authorizing him to do so. The candidates with him were Marcus Fulvius Nobilior, Gnaeus Manlius Volso, and Marcus Valerius Messalla. Fulvius was the only consul elected, since the others did not win the necessary number of centuries, and
47.4. victoriae navalis ergo in diem unum supplicatio decreta est, in alterum diem, quod exercitus Romanus tum primum in Asia posuisset castra, ut ea res prospera et laeta eveniret. vicenis maioribus hostiis in singulas supplicationes sacrificare consul est iussus.
47.6. he on the following day announced the choice of Gnaeus Manlius as his colleague, Lepidus being defeated —for Messalla had no chance Then the praetors were chosen; two named Quintus Fabius, Labeo and Pictor —Pictor had been installed as priest of Quirinus that year, Marcus Sempronius Tuditanus, Spurius Postumius Albinus, Lucius Plautius Hypsaeus, Lucius Baebius Dives.
47.6. inde consularia comitia magna contentione habita. M. Aemilius Lepidus petebat adversa omnium fama, quod provinciam Siciliam petendi causa non consulto senatu, ut sibi id facere liceret, reliquisset. petebant cum eo M. Fulvius Nobilior Cn. Manlius Vulso M. Valerius Messalla. Fulvius consul unus creatur, cum ceteri centurias non explessent, isque postero die Cn. Manlium Lepido deiecto — nam Messalla iacuit — collegam dixit. praetores exinde facti duo Q. Fabii, Labeo et Pictor — Pictor flamen Quirinalis eo anno inauguratus fuerat —, M. Sempronius Tuditanus Sp. Postumius Albinus L. Plautius Hypsaeus L. Baebius Dives.
48.1. In the consulship of Marcus Fulvius Nobilior and Gnaeus Manlius Volso, Valerius Antias records that a rumour was generally circulated in Rome and taken as almost certain that, for the purpose of recovering the young Scipio, the consul Lucius Scipio and with him Publius Africanus had been invited to a conference with the king and had been arrested, and that after the capture of their generals the army had been led against the Roman camp, that this had been captured and all the Roman forces destroyed;
48.1. M. Fulvio Nobiliore et Cn. Manlio Vulsone consulibus Valerius Antias auctor est rumorem celebrem Romae fuisse et paene pro certo habitum, recipiendi Scipionis adulescentis causa consulem L. Scipionem et cum eo P. Africanum in colloquium evocatos regis et ipsos comprehensos esse, et ducibus captis confestim ad castra Romana exercitum ductum, eaque expugnata et deletas omnis copias Romanorum esse.
48.4. that for this reason the Aetolians had taken heart and refused to obey orders and their chiefs had gone to Macedonia and the Dardanians and to Thrace to secure auxiliaries for hire and that Aulus Terentius and Marcus Claudius Lepidus had been sent to bring this report by Aulus Cornelius the propraetor in Aetolia.
48.4. ob haec Aetolos sustulisse animos et abnuisse imperata facere, principesque eorum in Macedoniam et in Dardanos et in Thraeciam ad conducenda mercede auxilia profectos. haec qui nuntiarent Romam, A. Terentium Varronem et M. Claudium Lepidum ab A. Cornelio propraetore ex Aetolia missos esse.
48.6. It added a further item to the story that the Aetolian ambassadors among other things were also asked in the senate, from what sources they had learned that the Roman commanders in Asia had been taken prisoners by King Antiochus and the army wiped out; that the Aetolians replied that they had been informed by their ambassadors who had been with the consul.
48.6. subtexit deinde fabulae huic legatos Aetolos in senatu inter cetera hoc quoque interrogatos esse, unde audissent imperatores Romanos in Asia captos ab Antiocho rege et exercitum deletum esse;
48.7. Because I have no other authority for this story the rumour, in my judgment, should not have been given credence nor yet dismissed as without foundation.
48.7. Aetolos respondisse ab suis legatis se, qui cum consule fuerint, certiores factos. rumoris huius quia neminem alium auctorem habeo, neque adfirmata res mea opinione sit nec pro vana praetermissa.
49.1. The Aetolian ambassadors, when introduced to the senate, although both their own interests and their situation urged them by confessing their fault or their mistake, whichever one chooses to call it, to supplicate for pardon, began by reciting their services to the Roman people, and almost belligerently lauded their own valour in the war with Philip and offended men's ears by their insolent language and, by recalling
49.1. Aetoli legati in senatum introducti, cum et causa eos sua et fortuna hortaretur, ut confitendo seu culpae seu errori veniam supplices peterent, orsi a beneficiis in populum Romanum et prope exprobrantes virtutem suam in Philippi bello et offenderunt aures insolentia sermonis et eo,
49.3. old and forgotten incidents, brought things to such a pass, that the memory of the misdeeds of that people, far more numerous than their services, filled the minds of the Fathers, and that men whose need was for mercy roused only anger and hatred.
49.3. vetera et oblitterata repetendo, rem adduxerunt, ut haud paulo plurium maleficiorum gentis quam beneficiorum memoria subiret animos patrum, et quibus misericordia opus erat, iram et odium irritarent.
49.4. On being questioned by one senator whether they would leave the decision regarding themselves to the Roman people, and then by another whether they would agree to have the same friends and enemies as the Roman people, and making no reply to the questions, they were ordered to leave the temple.
49.4. interrogati ab uno senatore, permitterentne arbitrium de se populo Romano, deinde ab altero, habiturine eosdem quos populus Romanus socios et hostis essent, nihil ad ea respondentes egredi templo iussi sunt.
49.5. The shout went up from almost the entire senate that the Aetolians still belonged entirely to Antiochus and that their thoughts turned on this one hope; and so the war should go on with them, as beyond doubt enemies, and their haughty spirits should be well broken.
49.5. conclamatum deinde prope ab universo senatu est totos adhuc Antiochi Aetolos esse et ex unica ea spe pendere animos eorum: itaque bellum cum haud dubiis hostibus gerendum perdomandosque feroces animos esse.
49.6. This circumstance too inflamed their minds, that at the very time when they were asking peace of the Romans they were invading Dolopia and Athamania.
49.6. illa etiam res accendit, quod eo ipso tempore, quo pacem ab Romanis petebant, Dolopiae atque Athamaniae bellum inferebant.
49.7. A decree of the senate was passed on the motion of Manius Acilius, the man who had conquered Antiochus and the Aetolians, that the Aetolians should be ordered to leave the City that day and Italy within fifteen days.
49.7. senatus consultum in M'. Acilii sententiam, qui Antiochum Aetolosque devicerat, factum est, ut Aetoli eo die iuberentur proficisci ab urbe et intra quintum decimum diem Italia excedere.
49.8. Aulus Terentius Varro was delegated to safeguard their journey, and formal notice was served that if any embassy thereafter from the Aetolians came to Rome except with the consent of the commander who held that province and accompanied by a Roman commissioner, they would treat all its members as enemies. In this fashion the Aetolians were dismissed.
49.8. A. Terentius Varro ad custodiendum iter eorum missus, denuntiatumque, si qua deinde legatio ex Aetolis, nisi permissu imperatoris, qui eam provinciam obtineret, et cum legato Romano venisset Romam, pro hostibus omnis futuros. ita dimissi Aetoli.
50.1. Then the question of the provinces was brought up by the consuls;
50.1. de provinciis deinde consules rettulerunt; sortiri eos Aetoliam et Asiam placuit;
50.2. it was decided that they should draw lots for Aetolia and Asia; the one to whom Asia was allotted should be assigned the army which Lucius Scipio had, and as reinforcement for it four thousand Roman infantry and two hundred cavalry, and of the allies of the Latin confederacy eight thousand infantry and four hundred cavalry; with these forces he was to conduct the war against Antiochus.
50.2. qui Asiam sortitus esset, exercitus ei, quem L. Scipio haberet, est decretus et in eum supplementum quattuor milia peditum Romanorum, ducenti equites, et sociorum ac Latini nominis octo milia peditum, quadringenti equites;
50.4. To the other consul the army which was in Aetolia was decreed, and he was authorized to enlist as reinforcements the same number of citizens and allies as his colleague.
50.4. his copiis ut bellum cum Antiocho gereret. alteri consuli exercitus, qui erat in Aetolia, est decretus, et ut in supplementum scriberet permissum civium sociorumque eundem numerum, quem collega.
50.5. The same consul, moreover, was directed to fit out and take with him the ships which had been built the year before; and not to wage war with the Aetolians alone, but also to cross to the island of Cephallania.
50.5. naves quoque idem consul, quae priore anno paratae erant, ornare iussus ac ducere secum; nec cum Aetolis solum bellum gerere, sed etiam in Cephallaniam insulam traicere.
50.6. The same consul was instructed, if he could do so advantageously to the state, to come to Rome for the elections; for, apart from the fact that the new annual magistrates were to be chosen, it was their pleasure to elect censors also.
50.6. mandatum eidem, ut, si per commodum rei publicae facere posset, ut ad comitia Romam veniret:
50.7. If anything detained him, he should inform the senate that he could not be present at the time of the elections.
50.7. nam, praeterquam quod magistratus annui subrogandi essent, censores quoque placere creari. si qua res eum teneret, senatum certiorem faceret se ad comitiorum tempus occurrere non posse.
50.8. Aetolia fell to Marcus Fulvius, Asia to Gnaeus Manlius, as a result of the drawing. The praetors then drew lots, and Spurius Postumius Albinus received the civil jurisdiction and that between citizens and aliens, Marcus Sempronius Tuditanus Sicily, Quintus Fabius Pictor, the priest of Quirinus, Sardinia, Quintus Fabius Labeo the fleet, Lucius Plautius Hypsaeus Nearer Spain, Lucius Baebius Dives Farther Spain.
50.8. Aetolia M. Fulvio, Asia Cn. Manlio sorte evenit. praetores deinde sortiti sunt, Sp. Postumius Albinus urbanam et inter peregrinos, M. Sempronius Tuditanus Siciliam, Q. Fabius Pictor, flamen Quirinalis, Sardiniam, Q. Fabius Labeo classem, L. Plautius Hypsaeus Hispaniam citeriorem, L. Baebius Dives Hispaniam ulteriorem.
50.9. For Sicily one legion and the fleet which was in the province were decreed; and the new praetor was ordered to levy two tithes of grain on the Sicilians; one of them he should send to Asia, the other to Aetolia.
50.9. Siciliae legio una et classis, quae in ea provincia erat, decreta, et ut duas decumas frumenti novus praetor imperaret Siculis, earum alteram in Asiam, alteram in Aetoliam mitteret.
50.10. The same was also ordered to be exacted from the Sardinians and the corn shipped to the same armies as that from Sicily.
50.10. idem ab Sardis exigi atque ad eosdem exercitus id frumentum, ad quos Siculum, deportari iussum.
50.11. To Lucius Baebius as replacements for service in Spain were given one thousand Roman infantry and fifty cavalry and six thousand infantry and two hundred cavalry of the Latin confederacy;
50.11. L. Baebio supplementum in Hispaniam datum mille Romani pedites, equites quinquaginta, et sex milia peditum Latini nominis, ducenti equites;
50.12. to Plautius Hypsaeus for Nearer Spain were assigned one thousand Roman infantry and of the allies of the Latin confederacy two thousand infantry and two hundred cavalry; with these additions the two Spains would have one legion each.
50.12. Plautio Hypsaeo in Hispaniam citeriorem mille Romani dati sunt pedites, duo milia socium Latini nominis et ducenti equites; cum his supplementis ut singulas legiones duae Hispaniae haberent.
50.13. As for the magistrates of the year before, prorogation of the imperium for one year was ordered for Gaius Laelius with his army; the same was done for Publius Junius, propraetor in Etruria, with the army which was in the province, and for Marcus Tuccius, propraetor among the Brutti and in Apulia.
50.13. prioris anni magistratibus, C. Laelio cum uno exercitu prorogatum in annum imperium est; prorogatum et P. Iunio propraetori in Etruria cum eo exercitu, qui in provincia esset, et M. Tuccio propraetori in Bruttiis et Apulia.